behavioural science

A behavioral science curriculum combines psychology, sociology, anthropology, and economics to study why humans act the way they do. May extend deeper into domains of Clinical Psychology, Psychiatry, and Neurosciences (Neurology, Neurochemistry, Neuropathology).

A pathological liar is a person who has a chronic, compulsive habit of lying excessively, often without any clear motive or obvious personal gain. Unlike everyday lying—which people usually do to avoid trouble or spare someone's feelings—pathological lying is an ongoing and automatic pattern of deceit.

To escape from shallow, pompous, or oversmart people, the most effective strategy is to minimize your engagement and protect your peace. You cannot change their behavior, but you can control how much access they have to your time and energy.

Here is how to handle them based on how closely you have to interact with them:

The "Grey Rock" Method (For when you can't walk away)

If these people are coworkers, family members, or classmates, you cannot always cut them off completely. Instead, become as boring as a grey rock:

• Give short responses. Use one-word answers like "Oh," "Cool," or "I see."

• Avoid sharing personal details. Do not give them ammunition or topics to critique.

• Keep eye contact brief. Do not invite further conversation with open body language.

• Never argue or correct them. Oversmart people crave a debate to prove their superiority. Agreeing quickly with a simple "You might be right" completely deflates their momentum.

Strategic Exit Strategies (For social settings)

When caught in a conversation with someone pompous, use polite but firm boundaries to remove yourself:

• The "Task" Exit: "Excuse me, I need to go grab a drink / check on something / make a quick call."

• The "Introduction" Exit: Pass them off to someone else. "Have you met [Name]? You two actually have a lot in common." Then step away.

• The "Hard Stop" Exit: "It’s been interesting chatting, but I have to head out now. Take care."

Guarding Your Mental Space

• Identify their behavior as insecurity. Pompous and "oversmart" people usually act that way to mask deep self-doubt. Recognizing this makes their behavior pitiable rather than frustrating.

• Filter your social circle. Actively seek out friends who value humility, deep conversation, and active listening.

• Say "no" early. If a shallow acquaintance invites you out, decline immediately with a polite "I can't make it." Do not leave the door open for future plans.

To help me tailor this advice, could you tell me:

• What is your relationship to these people? (e.g., coworkers, friends, family)

• What specific behaviors bother you the most?

Knowing this will help me give you specific scripts or boundaries to use.

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Behaviour

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Metrics to measure behavior track observable actions rather than sentiment or self-reported opinions across various fields like user experience (UX), workplace performance, and applied behavior analysis (ABA).

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Age and Behaviour

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The structure below incorporates the Universal Immunisation Programme (UIP) (the essential routine vaccines provided at government health centers and Anganwadis) alongside widely chosen optional vaccines recommended by the Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP)

-- Infancy and Toddlerhood (0-3 years) --

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week 21: The world's most premature baby to survive and be discharged is Nash Keen, who was born at a gestational age of exactly 21 weeks (133 days early) on July 5, 2024. Birth Weight: 285 grams (10 ounces) and Length: 24 centimeters (9.5 inches)

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week 37: premature birth

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week 40: A normal, full-term pregnancy usually lasts about 40 weeks. A healthy full-term newborn typically weighs between 5.5 and 8.5 pounds (2.5 to 3.8 kg) and measures 18 to 21 inches (46 to 54 cm) in length. The average newborn typically weighs between 7 and 7.5 pounds (3.2 and 3.4 kg), with boys often running slightly heavier, averaging around 7.5 pounds (3.3 kg). Newborn girls average around 7.2 pounds (3.2 kg). Normal Limits: between 2.5 kg (5.5 lb) and 4.5 kg (10 lb) is considered normal for full-term infants, though medical experts flag weights under 5.8 pounds (2.5 kg) as low birth weight. Boys tend to measure marginally longer (around 19.7 inches) than girls (around 19.4 inches).

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week 54: The longest recorded human pregnancy lasted 375 days (about 12.3 months or 53 weeks and 4 days). A healthy baby girl named Penny Diana d/o Beulah Hunter, a 25-year-old mother from Los Angeles, California. February 21, 1945. Doctors believed that Penny Diana survived such a prolonged timeline because she was simply developing at an exceptionally slow pace in the womb. Despite spending over a year in the womb, Penny Diana was not an oversized baby. She was born completely healthy, weighing a very normal 6 pounds, 15 ounces (roughly 3.14 kg). 

-- Day 0 --

00 day: Birth weight, length, and head circumference registration; Neonatal hearing and metabolic screening tests. A newborn metabolic screening is a quick, safe blood test that checks your baby for rare, serious health conditions shortly after birth. 

00 day:[UIP] Essential Core Vaccines (UIP) i.e. BCG (Tuberculosis), OPV-0 (Oral Polio) and Hep-B Birth dose. Hep-B (Hepatitis B) & Hep-A: Directly protect the cells of the liver. Hepatitis viruses cause acute liver inflammation, which can lead to jaundice (yellowing of skin/eyes), liver failure, or chronic long-term scarring (cirrhosis) and liver cancer later in life. BCG (Tuberculosis): While widely known for protecting the lungs, in infants it primarily prevents TB from spreading through the blood to the bones, joints, and brain. If you are tracking reactions to a vaccine your baby just received, like a mild fever or swelling at the injection site, let me know! Those are temporary signs that the immune system is actively working.

01 day: Heel prick: A nurse or technician gently pricks the heel of your baby's foot to get a few drops of blood. Timing: The test is usually done when the baby is 24 to 72 hours old, before leaving the hospital. Lab analysis: The blood sample goes to a laboratory to check for dozens of hidden genetic and metabolic disorders all at once. Phenylketonuria (PKU): Trouble processing a specific protein building block.Congenital hypothyroidism: Low thyroid hormone levels that affect growth.Galactosemia: Inability to process simple sugars found in milk.Cystic fibrosis: A disease affecting the lungs and digestive system.

02 days:

03 days:

04 days: Initial Weight Drop - it's normal for newborns to drop a few ounces when they lose that fluid in the first few days of life (up to 7% to 10% of birth weight).

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01 week:

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02 weeks: Recovery: Babies usually regain their birth weight back within their first two weeks.

15 days:

03 weeks:

04 weeks:

01 month: Months 1 to 3: Expect a weight gain of about 1.5 to 2 pounds (680 to 900 grams) per month, and a length increase of about 1 inch (2.5 cm) per month.

01 month: 1 to 2 Months: Building Connections - Movement: Lifts their head up briefly during tummy time; moves arms and legs smoothly.Vision & Hearing: Watches your movements and begins to follow moving objects with their eyes. Social: Begins to make eye contact and flashes a first "social smile" when you talk or smile at them.

05 weeks:

06 weeks: Monitoring growth tracking charts; Tummy time physical evaluation; Checking for the "social smile" milestone.

06 weeks:[UIP] Pentavalent-1 (covers DPT, Hep-B, Hib), OPV-1 (Polio), fIPV-1 (Fractional Injectable Polio), RVV-1 (Rotavirus) and PCV-1 (Pneumococcal); Additional & Combination Vaccines (IAP): DTaP-1 (Painless combination variant replacing DPT), Hib-1 & Hep-B-2. Painless vs. Painful Combination Shots: Private clinics often recommend DTaP combination formulas (the "painless vaccine" which reduces swelling and post-injection fever). Government health programs rely on Pentavalent/DTwP, which can cause mild body fever but is highly effective. DPT / DTaP (Pertussis/Whooping Cough & Diphtheria): Whooping cough strains the lungs and airways, causing violent coughing fits that can crack ribs or cut off oxygen. Diphtheria creates a thick, gray coating in the back of the throat that can physically block the airway, causing suffocation. DPT / DTaP (Diphtheria & Tetanus): The diphtheria bacteria releases a toxin that can enter the bloodstream and travel directly to the heart muscle, causing fatal myocarditis (heart inflammation). DPT / DTaP (Tetanus/Lockjaw): Prevents a bacterial toxin from attacking the nervous system's control over muscles. Without it, tetanus causes agonizing, full-body muscle spasms so violent they can break bones, often locking the jaw shut so the child cannot eat or breathe. RVV (Rotavirus): Directly protects the lining of the small intestine. Rotavirus causes severe, watery diarrhea and vomiting, which rapidly destroys the body's ability to absorb water, leading to life-threatening dehydration.

07 weeks:

08 weeks: if baby doesn't look at objects or follow them with their eyes by 2 months - Red Flags to Mention to Your Pediatrician

02 months: Tracking baby milestones in the first year is typically done monthly (or in multi-month blocks like 2, 4, and 6 months) because weekly changes are usually too subtle to measure reliably.

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10 weeks: assessing eye-tracking and structural head stability.

10 weeks:[UIP] Pentavalent-2, OPV-2 and RVV-2; IAP: DTaP-2, Hib-2 & Hep-B-3, and PCV-2

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03 months: For the first 3 months, WHO charts show a rapid rate of weight gain, which naturally slows down slightly later on.

03 months: 3 to 4 Months: Reaching OutMovement: Holds their head steady without support when held; props up on elbows during tummy time.Hand Control: Brings hands to mouth, opens and shuts hands, and reaches out to grasp rattles or toys.Communication: Starts babbling, cooing, and laughing out loud.

03 months: if baby doesn't smile at people by 3 months - Red Flags to Mention to Your Pediatrician 

14 weeks: Confirming full head-control stability without support.

14 weeks:[UIP] Pentavalent-3, OPV-3, fIPV-2, RVV-3 and PCV-2; AIP: DTaP-3, Hib-3 & Hep-B-4, and PCV-3. OPV / fIPV (Polio): Prevents the polio virus from entering the central nervous system, where it can destroy nerve cells that control muscles. This directly protects motor function, preventing permanent muscle paralysis in the legs or respiratory muscles. PCV (Pneumococcal) & Hib: Protect the lungs from severe bacterial infections like pneumonia, ensuring the lungs can clear fluid and transfer oxygen into the blood safely.

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17 weeks: if baby can't support their head well by 4 months - Red Flags to Mention to Your Pediatrician

04 months: Months 4 to 6: Weight gain slows slightly to about 1 to 1.25 pounds (450 to 560 grams) per month, and length increases by about 0.5 inches (1.2 cm) per month.

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05 months: 5 to 6 Months: Getting MobileMovement: Rolls from stomach to back (and eventually back to stomach); begins sitting with brief support.Feeding: Shows interest in food; brings lips together to show they are full.Social: Recognizes familiar faces, loves playing games like peek-a-boo, and looks at their own reflection in mirrors.

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26 weeks: if baby doesn't roll over in either direction by 6 months - Red Flags to Mention to Your Pediatrician

06 months: Evaluating muscle control for sitting up; Introducing basic solid foods.

06 months:[UIP] no scheduled UIP doses; IAP: Influenza-1 (Annual flu shot). Influenza (Flu) & MR / MMR (Measles): Prevent viruses that cause high fever, severe bronchial inflammation, and secondary lung infections.

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07 months: Solid food transition support.

07 months:[UIP] no scheduled UIP doses; IAP: Influenza-2 and TCV-1 (Typhoid Conjugate). TCV (Typhoid): Prevents an intense bacterial infection of the intestinal tract and spleen, which can otherwise cause intestinal bleeding or perforations (holes in the bowel wall).

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09 months: If a baby spent 9 months in the womb and has been alive for 9 months outside, their total existence is 18 months, but their chronological age is still 9 months.

09 months: In some cultures, like traditional Korean age reckoning (now largely replaced by int'l stds), a person was historically considered one year old at birth because of time spent in the womb.

09 months: Evaluating crawling and fine-motor pincer grasp milestones.

09 months:[UIP] MR-1 (Measles & Rubella), PCV-Booster, JE-1 (Only in endemic areas) and Vitamin A (1st Dose); IAP: MMR-1 (Mumps, Measles, Rubella). JE (Japanese Encephalitis) & Hib: Directly prevent severe inflammation of the brain (encephalitis) and the protective membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord (meningitis). This protects critical cognitive functions, preventing permanent brain damage, hearing loss, or learning disabilities. MR / MMR (Rubella): If a child is protected against Rubella, it stops the transmission cycle. Rubella infection is highly dangerous to pregnant women, where it directly attacks a developing fetus's circulatory system, causing congenital heart defects. MR / MMR (Measles & Mumps): Measles can travel to the eyes and cause blindness, as well as severe skin rashes. Mumps directly targets the parotid salivary glands just below the ears, causing painful swelling, and can indirectly cause inflammation of the testicles or ovaries.

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10 months:

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01 year: Checking standing posture and initial speech steps.

01 year:[UIP] no scheduled UIP doses; IAP: Hepatitis A-1 and Varicella-1 (Chickenpox). Varicella (Chickenpox): Protects the skin from hundreds of itchy, fluid-filled blisters that can leave permanent scars or become infected with dangerous skin bacteria.

13 months:

15 months: First-year developmental overview.

15 months:[UIP] no scheduled UIP doses; IAP: MMR-2, Varicella-2 and PCV Booster (if skipped at 9mo)

16 months: Reviewing toddler behavioral developments and vocabulary expansion over the course of next 8 months, until baby grows 2 years old.

16 months:[UIP] from 16 to 24 months - DPT Booster-1, OPV Booster, MR-2, JE-2 (Endemic areas), and Vitamin A (Doses 2–9 every 6 months); IAP: DTaP Booster-1, Hib Booster & IPV Booster and  Hepatitis A-2

0-12 months:[Infants] Behavior centers on basic reflex responses, sensory exploration, and attachment. For example, an infant smiles at familiar faces, coos, and learns to sit or crawl.

1–3 years:[Toddlers] Curiosity surges alongside a growing push for autonomy. For example, a two-year-old throws tantrums when frustrated and frequently uses the word "No!" as noted by the Center for Parenting Education. 

2 years: Closure of reviewing toddler behavioral developments and vocabulary expansion.

4-11 years: Early and Middle Childhood

3-6 years:[Preschoolers] Imagination peaks, and children begin learning foundational social rules. For example, a four-year-old starts to share toys, take turns, and occasionally display impulsivity.

6 years: Comprehensive preschool physical evaluation and eyesight tests. (conspiracy: clinical-opto industry)

6 years:[UIP] DPT Booster-2; IAP: DTaP Booster-2, OPV Booster & MMR-3

7–11 years:[School-Age] Peer relationships and academic environments shape daily conduct. For example, an eight-year-old works collaboratively on group school projects and conforms more closely to peer group norms.

10 years: Growth tracking and structural posture review.

10 years:[UIP] Td (Tetanus & adult Diphtheria); IAP: Covered by UIP Td dose.

12-18 years: Adolescence

13-19 years:[Teen] The teen age range is 13 to 19 years old, based on the numbers that end with the suffix "-teen".

14 years: Adolescent development monitoring.

14 years:[UIP] HPV (2-dose campaign launched free for 14yo girls in 2026); IAP: HPV (Available early from age 9–15)

15 years:[Teen] Puberty and identity-seeking spark intense mood fluctuations and a desire for privacy. For example, a fifteen-year-old “asserts their own world and keeps secrets, mirroring perceived parental behavior.”

16 years: Final teenage health appraisal.

16 years:[UIP] Td Booster; IAP: Covered by UIP Td dose.

19-39 years: Early Adulthood

19 years:[Young Adults] Independence, career building, and intimate relationships drive behavior. For example, a 25-year-old navigates professional workplace pressures and experiences a “significant revision of one's achievements and potential” -- YouTube during a quarter-life transition.

40-59 years: Middle Adulthood

40 years: [Mid-Aged Adults]: Stability often increases alongside heightened conscientiousness, though existential reflection occurs. For example, a 42-year-old reflects deeply on unfulfilled career goals and shifts focus toward mentoring younger generations.

60 years:[Sr] Late Adulthood / Older Adults / Adult (Veteran)

60 years:[Sr] Behavior often prioritizes emotional harmony, meaningful social ties, and conservation of energy, though physical limitations can prompt withdrawal. For example, a 70-year-old “reports increased calmness and satisfaction due to adjusted priorities”, while potentially requiring adjustments for slower cognitive processing or sensory changes.

74 years:[Sr] The oldest verified person to give birth is Erramatti Mangamma from India, who gave birth to twin girls at the age of 74 on September 5, 2019, using in vitro fertilization (IVF).