history - 21st century (2001-2100), the future and the fate
21st century CE started on 1st Jan 2001 AD.
2000s:[Research] The claim that "we are 60% banana" (or share 60% of our DNA) is a popular, yet often misinterpreted, statistic that originated from comparisons of protein-coding genes, likely popularized in the early 2000s following preliminary studies of the banana genome. It refers to about 60% of human genes having a recognizable counterpart in bananas, not 60% of our total DNA.
Many of the “housekeeping” genes that are necessary for basic cellular function, such as for replicating DNA, controlling the cell cycle, and helping cells divide are shared between many plants (including bananas) and animals.While 60% of genes have counterparts, these essential genes make up only a small fraction of the total genome; humans and bananas are not 60% identical overall.
The phrase is essentially a simplified, often-exaggerated, way of highlighting that all life shares common ancestral genes for basic cellular processes.
2000s:[MBA] Should Cost Modeling: Modern "Should Cost" models are used to determine the ideal cost of a product, accounting for labor, materials, and overhead. Environmental & Social Impact: Modern CBA now routinely includes environmental and social impacts in addition to financial ones. Shift from Local to Global: Early, highly local assessments evolved into large-scale, national, and international CBA. Refinement of Techniques: Moving from simple, single-period models to complex, multi-period simulations. Increased Data Use: The availability of large, granular data sets has allowed for more precise and reliable analysis.
2000s:[Mntngg][Extreme] In the early 2000s, Didier Berthod was the best crack climber in the world, then he dropped out of climbing and essentially disappeared from the world.
2000s:[Realty] Early 2000s: Real estate was in its early stages in India, with gradual growth and development.
2000s:Teamwork is now an integral part of organizational strategy, with a greater emphasis on customization, personalization, and strategic integration of team-building practices. The rise of technology has also influenced teamwork, with remote work becoming more prevalent and new tools emerging to facilitate collaboration.
2000:[US][GeoPolitics] overthrow of Slobodan Milošević. (US's involvement in regime change)
2000: [GeoPolitics][Military][Economics] The US Dollar holds a 72% share of all global currency reserves [[16:42](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vYJri1eNRyc&t=1002)].
2000:[Research][Space] 26 April 2000: the German team operating the mass spectrometer on NASA's Stardust mission announced the detection of very large organic molecules in interstellar space. Nonbiological sources for organic molecules so large are not known.
2000:[Research][Space]19 October 2000, a team of biologists and a geologist announced the revival of bacteria that are 250 million years old, strengthening that case that bacterial spores can be immortal.
13 December 2000: a NASA team demonstrated that the magnetosomes in Mars meteorite ALH 84001 are biological.
2000:[Research][Space] Mileikowsky C, Cucinotta FA, Wilson JW, Gladman B, Horneck G, Lindegren L, Melosh J, Rickman H, Valtonen M, Zheng JQ. Natural transfer of viable microbes in space. Icarus 2000, 145:391–427. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
2000:[SpaceX] S/2000 (90) 1 Moon Discoverer: William J. Merline Orbits: 90 Antiope Absolute magnitude: 9.02
2000:[Computing][Quantum] IBM demonstrated Shor’s algorithm on a 5-qubit NMR quantum computer, factoring the number 15.
2000: At age 14 and in class 8th, Aaron Swartz became a member of the working group that authored the RSS 1.0 web syndication specification.
2000: MakemyTrip
2000 (Jan 14):[Jack] Kaho Naa... Pyaar Hai
2000: MakemyTrip
2000 (Jan 14):[Jack] Kaho Naa... Pyaar Hai
2000 (Feb): Indian Railways web site i.e. http://indianrailways.gov.in/ was deployed by CRIS.
2000 (Mar):[Book] Malcolm Gladwell's debut book, The Tipping Point: How Little Things Can Make a Big Difference.
Blink: The Power of Thinking Without Thinking (2005, Jan 11);
Outliers: The Story of Success (2008, Nov 18);
What the Dog Saw: And Other Adventures (2009, Oct 20);
Blink: The Power of Thinking Without Thinking (2005, Jan 11);
Outliers: The Story of Success (2008, Nov 18);
What the Dog Saw: And Other Adventures (2009, Oct 20);
David and Goliath: Underdogs, Misfits, and the Art of Battling Giants (2013, Oct 1)Talking to Strangers: What We Should Know about the People We Don't Know (2019)
2000 (Apr 1):[Book] Robert Kiyosaki & Sharon Lechter's Rich Dad Poor Dad.
2000 (Apr 1):[Technology][Research] "Why The Future Doesn't Need Us" is an article written by Bill Joy in the April 2000 issue of Wired magazine. In the article, he argues that "Our most powerful 21st-century technologies—robotics, genetic engineering, and nanotech—are threatening to make humans an endangered species."
2000 (Jun 26):[Music] "Yellow" is a song by the British rock band Coldplay. The band wrote the song and co-produced it with British record producer Ken Nelson for their debut album, Parachutes (2000). The song was recorded in March 2000 and released on 26 June that same year.
2000 (Sep): Amazon's Jeff Bezos founded.
2000 (Sep):[Crime][India] Chhota Shakeel's attack on Rajan in his Bangkok hotel room.
2000 (Sep): RailTel Corporation of India Ltd. founded and HQ'd at 143, Institutional Area, Sector-44, Gurgaon, Haryana, India. It is a Miniratna enterprise of Government of India focusing on providing broadband and VPN services.2000 (Sep 17): [GeoPolitics] The idea of an Asia Cooperation Dialogue (ACD) was raised at the First International Conference of Asian Political Parties (held in Manila between 17–20 September 2000) by Surakiart Sathirathai, then deputy leader of the now defunct Thai Rak Thai Party, on behalf of his party leader, Thaksin Shinawatra, then Prime Minister of Thailand. It was suggested that Asia as a continent should have its own forum to discuss Asia-wide cooperation. Afterwards, the idea of the ACD was formally put forward during the 34th ASEAN Foreign Ministers Meeting in Hanoi, 23–24 July 2001 and at the ASEAN Foreign Ministers Retreat in Phuket, 20–21 February 2002.
2000 (Oct 4):[Music] Formed in 1996, Linkin Park rose to international fame with their debut studio album, Hybrid Theory. Four singles were released from Hybrid Theory: "One Step Closer", "In the End", "Crawling" and "Papercut", all of them being responsible for launching Linkin Park into mainstream popularity. While "In the End" was the most successful of the four, all of the singles in the album remain some of the band's most successful songs to date.
2000 (Nov 9): formation of Uttarakhand as Uttaranchal 2000 (Jun 9): Information Technology Act, 2000. The bill was passed in the budget session of 2000 and signed by President K. R. Narayanan on 9 May 2000. The bill was finalised by group of officials headed by then Minister of Information Technology, Pramod Mahajan.
2000: formation of
2000: Jaish-e-Mohammed (literally "The Army of Muhammad", JeM) founded at Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
2000: China's BeiDou navigation test system starts.
2000: Fiserv had acquired more than 90 businesses. The number of employees grew from 264 to 14,000. Fiserv was an industry leader, with revenue that increased from $21 million to $1.4 billion in 15 years.
2000 (Dec 8):[Gaming] Project I.G.I. is a tactical first-person shooter video game. It was developed by Innerloop Studios and released in December 2000 by Eidos Interactive. The game received mixed reviews due to shortcomings including a poorly programmed A.I., lack of a mid-game save option, and the lack of multiplayer features. However it was praised for its sound design and graphics, thanks in part to its use of a proprietary game engine that was previously used in Innerloop's Joint Strike Fighter.
2000: formation of
2000: Jaish-e-Mohammed (literally "The Army of Muhammad", JeM) founded at Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
2000: China's BeiDou navigation test system starts.
2000: Fiserv had acquired more than 90 businesses. The number of employees grew from 264 to 14,000. Fiserv was an industry leader, with revenue that increased from $21 million to $1.4 billion in 15 years.
2000 (Dec 8):[Gaming] Project I.G.I. is a tactical first-person shooter video game. It was developed by Innerloop Studios and released in December 2000 by Eidos Interactive. The game received mixed reviews due to shortcomings including a poorly programmed A.I., lack of a mid-game save option, and the lack of multiplayer features. However it was praised for its sound design and graphics, thanks in part to its use of a proprietary game engine that was previously used in Innerloop's Joint Strike Fighter.
2000 (Dec 21):[Jack] Raju Chacha released.
2000: [Business][Finance][Corporate][India] RIL piloted world's largest petroleum refinery at Jamnagar, Gujarat, refining 1.24Mn barrels/day.
2000:[Crime][India] Police encounters in Mumbai. Most criminals fleeing to Calcultta. Aftab Bhatki destabilise the economy by spreading fake currency notes printed by ISI functionaries, and two, send mercenaries to conduct abductions and terrorist attacks.
2000:[Computing][Quantum] Technical University of Munich (5 qubit); Los Alamos National Lab (7 qubits)
2000:In 2000, Tata Tea acquired the Tetley Tea Company for $407 million. Other notable acquisitions include NatSteel (2004), Brunner Mond (2005), and Eight O'Clock Coffee (2006).
2000: Birla acquired Indian Aluminum Company (INDAL).
2000: Satya Narayana Goenka worked as an international businessman based in Myanmar and India for a large part of his life. He was a keynote speaker on the subject of Spirituality in Business at the 30th World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland between 26 Jan and 2 Feb 2000. Two years later he conducted the first 10-day course in Vipassana Meditation especially for business executives and government officials.
----------------------------------------- 225 years of Independent USA --------------------------------------------
2001:[US][GeoPolitics] invasion of Afghanistan. (US's involvement in regime change)
2001:[Business][GeoPolitics] The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) is a Eurasian political, economic, international security and defence organization of ten member states. It was established in 2001 by the People's Republic of China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. In June 2017, it expanded to eight states, with India and Pakistan. Iran joined the group in July 2023, and Belarus in July 2024. Several countries are engaged as observers or dialogue partners. Founders: China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan; Headquarters: Beijing, China; Founded: 15 June 2001
2001:[Business] 2001–2005: HFT execution times decreased from several seconds to milliseconds. (HFT)
2001:[Computing][Quantum] IBM implemented Grover’s algorithm on a 7-qubit NMR quantum computer, finding a marked item in a database of 4 entries.
2001: Life of Pi is a Canadian philosophical novel by Yann Martel published. The protagonist is Piscine Molitor "Pi" Patel, an Indian boy from Pondicherry who explores issues of spirituality and metaphysics from an early age. He survives 227 days after a shipwreck while stranded on a lifeboat in the Pacific Ocean with a Bengal tiger which raises questions about the nature of reality and how it is perceived and told.;Seven Stories (1993)
2001:[Crime][India] Chhota Rajan's associates tracked down and shot dead hotelier Vinod in Mumbai, as well as Sunil Soans – another Dawood associate.
2001 (Jan 1):[Book] Greg McKeown's Essentialism: The Disciplined Pursuit of Less
2001 (Jan 1):[Book] Brian Tracy's Eat That Frog!
2001: The Arduino project started at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea (IDII) in Ivrea, Italy. At that time, the students used a BASIC Stamp microcontroller at a cost of $100, a considerable expense for many students.
2001 (Apr 4th): Charles M. Vest, the then President of MIT announced OpenCourseWare (OCW) publicizing all of its 2,000 courses at the estimated cost of $100 million (on an avg., a MIT students pays around $26,000 as offline tuition fee)
2001: US invaded Afghanistan in response to 9/11 attacks. Officially, It has become the longest war in American history.
2001: iPod by Tony Fadell
2001: The Arduino project started at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea (IDII) in Ivrea, Italy. At that time, the students used a BASIC Stamp microcontroller at a cost of $100, a considerable expense for many students.
2001 (Apr 4th): Charles M. Vest, the then President of MIT announced OpenCourseWare (OCW) publicizing all of its 2,000 courses at the estimated cost of $100 million (on an avg., a MIT students pays around $26,000 as offline tuition fee)
2001: US invaded Afghanistan in response to 9/11 attacks. Officially, It has become the longest war in American history.
2001: iPod by Tony Fadell
2001 (Jun 15):[Jack] Gadar: Ek Prem Katha; Lagaan: Once Upon a Time in India
2001 (Sep 11): 9/11 Terrorist attacks. The September 11 or 9/11, attacks were a series of four coordinated terrorist attacks by the Islamic terrorist group al-Qaeda on the United States on the morning of Tuesday, Sep 11. The loss of life was estimated at just under 3,000. The event changed American foreign policy. It was a motivating factor behind the controversial invasion of Iraq and led to a ‘war on terror’ symbolised by Guantanamo Bay and a debate over the justification of torture.
2001 (Oct 7):[GeoPolitics] United States invasion of Afghanistan: In late 2001, the United States and its close allies invaded Afghanistan and toppled the Taliban government. The invasion's stated aims were to dismantle al-Qaeda, which had executed the September 11 attacks, and to deny it a safe base of operations in Afghanistan by removing the Taliban government from power. Dec 7, 2001 onward started War in Afghanistan.
2001 (Oct 16):[Book] McKinsey Researcher James C. Collins' Good To Great: Why Some Companies Make the Leap...And Others Don't;
2001 (Nov):[Crime][India] Abdul Gaffar alias Chikna Gaffar caught by the detective department in Calcutta
2001 (Jan 2): The northern electrical grid collapsed in India. A fault in the transmission system in the state of Uttar Pradesh led to cascading failure throughout northern India affecting 23 crore residents.
2001: IVRS ('Interactive Voice Response System') for telephonic enquiries about trains introduced in some stations.
2001: MadeEasy incorporated at 44-A/1, Kalu Sarai, Near Hauz Khas Metro Station, New Delhi-110016
2001: Acc to 2001 census, 30 lakhs were immigrated to India from Bangladesh alone, followed by 10 lakhs from Pakistan and 6 lakhs from Nepal.
2001: IVRS ('Interactive Voice Response System') for telephonic enquiries about trains introduced in some stations.
2001: MadeEasy incorporated at 44-A/1, Kalu Sarai, Near Hauz Khas Metro Station, New Delhi-110016
2001: Acc to 2001 census, 30 lakhs were immigrated to India from Bangladesh alone, followed by 10 lakhs from Pakistan and 6 lakhs from Nepal.
2001 (Dec 13):[Crime][India] Terrorist attack on India's Parliament.
2001: the customer base of mobile phone companies was 4 million.2001: Benefit lanners, Texas merged into FISV to form its Health Benefit division.
2001: New Horizons was initially selected for funding in 2001 but was excluded from the NASA 2003 budget. Funding for the mission was reinstated after New Horizons was listed as a top priority in the Planetary Science Decadal Survey of 2003–2013, which identifies scientific targets for future exploration.
2001:[Book][Economics] Black swan events were discussed by Nassim Nicholas Taleb in his 2001 book Fooled By Randomness, which concerned financial events. His 2007 book The Black Swan extended the metaphor to events outside of financial markets.
2001:[Management][Business][Psychology][Research] In October 2001, reports emerged that energy company Enron, which was upheld as a model of success for U.S. corporations, engaged in deceptive accounting practices, misleading investors and the public for years about the company's financial health.
2001:[Space] NASA's second generation space mission, the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) was launched in 2001 to study these very small fluctuations in much more detail. The fluctuations were imprinted on the CMB at the moment where the photons and matter decoupled 380,000 years after the Big Bang, and reflect slightly higher and lower densities in the primordial Universe. These fluctuations were originated at an earlier epoch – immediately after the Big Bang – and would later grow, under the effect of gravity, giving rise to the large-scale structure (i.e. clusters and superclusters of galaxies) that we see around us today. WMAP's results have helped determine the proportions of the fundamental constituents of the Universe and to establish the standard model of cosmology prevalent today, and its scientists, headed by Charles Bennett, have garnered many prizes in physics in the intervening years.
2001:[research][cosmos] Comets may also have offered a ride to Earth-bound hitchhiking molecules, according to experimental results published in 2001 by a team of researchers from Argonne National Laboratory, the University of California Berkeley, and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. By showing that amino acids could survive a fiery comet collision with Earth, the team bolstered the idea that life’s raw materials came from space.
2001:[Cinema][Research] How It's Made (TV Series 2001–2019) The filmmaker sheds light on how ordinary everyday objects are made while delving into the various steps and efforts taken to produce them.
2001:[SpaceX] S/2001 (107) 1; Moon; Orbits: 107 Camilla; 107 Camilla is one of the largest asteroids from the outermost edge of the asteroid belt, approximately 250 kilometers (160 miles) in diameter. S/2001 (107) 1 discovered 2001 Mar 01 by A. Storrs, F. Vilas, R. Landis, E. Wells, C. Woods, B. Zellner, and M. Gaffey using Hubble Space ...
2001:[silvics][APAC][who] Tahir Qureshi Mangrove Man or Mangroves Hero of Pakistan (1946-2020 Urdu بابائے مینگروز پاکستان ) was a senior Pakistani environmentalist and coastal ecosystem expert at the IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature who dedicated his whole life to the preservation and expansion of Mangrove trees in Pakistan Indus River Delta-Arabian Sea mangroves and other coastal areas. Tahir Qureshi had played a key role in rehabilitation of more than 30,000 hectares of mangrove forests in Sindh and Baluchistan. International Union for Conservation of Nature awarded him title Hero of mangroves.
Tahir Qureshi rehabilitated more than 30,000 hectares of mangrove forests in Sindh and Baluchistan. ("KARACHI: Importance of mangrove forests highlighted". DAWN.COM. 7 October 2001. Retrieved 30 December 2020.)
2002:[GeoPolitics][Business] Russian, Iranian and Indian representatives signed the agreement for the NSTC project on 16 May 2002. All three countries are founding member states on the project. Other important member states include Azerbaijan, Armenia, Kazakhstan and Belarus with other states having varying levels of involvement. The International North–South Transport Corridor (INSTC) is a 7,200-km (4500 mile) long multi-mode network of ship, rail, and road route for moving freight between Azerbaijan, Central Asia, Europe, India, Iran, and Russia.
2002:The Bangladesh government of Begum Khaleda Zia was the first to do so in 2002, imposing a total ban on lightweight plastic bags.2002: June 2002: Geneticists reported evidence that the evolutionary step from chimps to humans was assisted by viruses.
2002 (Jan): Aaron Swartz, aged 16 chose not to get admit into High School, instead learn courses like Number Theory and Symbolic Logic, outside the school system.
2002 (Jan 1): 'Euro' came into existence as a new currency amongst the 12 members of the EU
2002 (Jan 18):[Jack] Yeh Dil Aashiqanaa
2002 (Jan 1): 'Euro' came into existence as a new currency amongst the 12 members of the EU
2002 (Jan 18):[Jack] Yeh Dil Aashiqanaa
2002 (Feb 27): On the morning of 27 February 2002, the Sabarmati Express, returning from Ayodhya to Ahmedabad, was stopped near the Godhra railway station. Several of the passengers were Hindu pilgrims, returning from Ayodhya after a religious ceremony at the site of the demolished Babri Masjid. Under controversial circumstances, four coaches of the train caught fire, trapping many people inside. In the resulting conflagration, 59 people, including 25 women and 25 children, were burned to death.
2002 (Feb): Jyotiraditya Scindia aged 31 elected to the Lok Sabha from Guna District, formerly represented by his father.
2002 (Feb): Jyotiraditya Scindia aged 31 elected to the Lok Sabha from Guna District, formerly represented by his father.
2002 (Feb 09):[Crime][India] Aftab Ansari, an accused in the explosions outside the US Information Centre at Calcutta extradited from UAE to Delhi.
2002 (Feb 14):[Crime][India] The Rajkot police trying to bring in Raju Aandkat's wife Urvashi from Dubai to put pressure on her husband.
2002 (Mar): Elon Musk founded Space Exploration Technologies Corporation(SpaceX), is an American aerospace manufacturer and space transport services company headquartered in Hawthorne, California, United States. It is also world's first privately held company to send a cargo load to ISS.2002: The Xbox (a 6th generation home video gaming console) developed by Microsoft and manufactured by Flextronics.
First released on November 15, 2001, in North America, followed by Australia, Europe and Japan in 2002. It was Microsoft's first foray into the gaming console market. This console competed with Sony's PlayStation 2 and the Nintendo GameCube.
2002 (May 09):[Crime][India] Muthappa Rai, an organised crime gang leader extradited from UAE to Delhi.
2002 (Jun 12):[Crime][India] The south zone task force police of Hyderabad arrested three persons and recovered fake notes worth Rs 17.5 lakh all in Rs 500 denomination.
2002 (Jun 18): [GeoPolitics] The Asia Cooperation Dialogue (ACD) is an intergovernmental organization created to promote Asian cooperation at a continental level and to help integrate separate regional organizations such as the ASEAN, the Gulf Cooperation Council, the Eurasian Economic Union, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, and the SAARC. It is the first international organization to cover the whole of Asia. Its secretariat is in Kuwait.
2002 (Jan 20): Bldr. Anil Mohan Dargan s/o Late M Mohan Dargan died, death registered after 5 days. Local Area: South Zone Office, Delhi, MCD, Govt of NCT of Delhi. Reg# 26
2002 (Jul 25): APJ Abdul Kalam became Prez. of India.
2002 (Aug 3): Indian Railways begins online train reservations and ticketing over the Internet.
2002: DMRC began operation. The inauguration of the first stretch between Shahdara and Tis Hazari on 24 December 2002 caused the ticketing system to collapse due to the line being crowded to four times its capacity by citizens eager to have a ride.
2002: AIEEE introduced by CBSE for 30 NITs and 5 IIITs.
2002: music video Kaanta Laga ft. Shefali Zariwala was released.
2002:[Research] Yuval Noah Harari published his doctoral thesis on History and I : war and the relations between history and personal identity in Renaissance military memoirs, c.1450-1600 at University of Oxford.
2002 (Aug 3): Indian Railways begins online train reservations and ticketing over the Internet.
2002: DMRC began operation. The inauguration of the first stretch between Shahdara and Tis Hazari on 24 December 2002 caused the ticketing system to collapse due to the line being crowded to four times its capacity by citizens eager to have a ride.
2002: AIEEE introduced by CBSE for 30 NITs and 5 IIITs.
2002: music video Kaanta Laga ft. Shefali Zariwala was released.
2002:[Research] Yuval Noah Harari published his doctoral thesis on History and I : war and the relations between history and personal identity in Renaissance military memoirs, c.1450-1600 at University of Oxford.
2002 (Nov 11):[Music] Coldplay's The Scientist released. It is from their second studio album, A Rush of Blood to the Head released on 2002, Aug 26.
2002 (Nov 28): Attack on the Paradise Mombasa Hotel, in which 16 persons (mainly Israelis) were killed, and the abortive missile attack on an Israeli commercial plane, both in Kenya. Anees Ibrahim's arrest likely prompted by US on the suspicions of involvement in such attacks.
2002 (Nov 5):[Book] The Traveler's Gift - Seven Decisions That Determine Personal Success is a book by author Andy Andrews. It was featured in the book selection of ABC's Good Morning America. The Traveler's Gift weaves a business fable about a man who loses his job and money, but finds his way after he is magically transported into seven key points in history. At each location, the man meets historical figures such as Abraham Lincoln, Anne Frank, King Solomon, Harry Truman and Christopher Columbus. The book has also been adapted as a DVD.
2002 (Dec 08):[Crime][India] Anees Kaksar Ibrahim arrested in Dubai Airport as he was returning from Pakistan. Dawood shifted to Karachi, under the ISI's protection, safer than Dubai.
2002 (Dec 12):[Crime][India]UAE authorities agreed New Delhi to initiate extradition proceedings for Ibrahim against an Interpol Red Corner notice dating back to 1993.
2002:[Computer] The IBM BladeCenter was IBM's blade server architecture, until it was replaced by Flex System (aka IBM PureFlex® systems) in 2012. The x86 division was later sold to Lenovo in 2014. It had CPU options such as x86 (HS/LS series), POWER (JS/PS series) and CELL (QS series).
2002: [Business][Finance][Corporate][India] RIL's Dhirubhai Ambani passed away, without writing a will.
2002:[Business][Food] A majority stake in the UK business (Complan Foods) was sold to the Saatchi brothers' Saatchinvest.
2002:[Mntngg][Extreme][accident] On September 8, 2002, the French daredevil Marco Siffredi (Born: 22 May 1979, Chamonix, France; Died: 8 September 2002 (age 23 years), Mount Everest) reached the 29,000-foot summit of Earth’s highest point. Though critically exhausted from the climb and the high altitude, Siffredi stood with his board perched over the precipice and decided to forge ahead with his plan. He strapped on a fresh oxygen tank, bid his Sherpa adieu, and began his descent — never to be seen again.
2002:Persistent Systems has made several acquisitions. In 2012, they acquired Openwave's location business. In 2017, they acquired Parx Werk, a Swiss company. In 2021, they acquired Software Corporation International (SCI) and its affiliate company Fusion360. In February 2022, they acquired Data Glove, an American consulting firm, and in March 2022, they acquired cloud computing services company MediaAgility. More recently, in August, they acquired select assets from US-based SoHo Dragon, and in June, they disclosed their intent to acquire Starfish Associates.
2002:[Env][Disaster] Nepal flood, mainly occurred at Makwanpur, monsoon rain, flood, landslide, 450 deaths
2002:[SpaceX] Quaoar Dwarf planet Quaoar is a ringed dwarf planet in the Kuiper Belt, a ring of many icy planetesimals beyond Neptune. It has an elongated ellipsoidal shape with an average diameter of 1,090 km, about half the size of the dwarf planet Pluto. Wikipedia Moon: Weywot Discoverers: Michael E. Brown, Chad Trujillo Orbital period: 286 years Discovered: 4 June 2002 Radius: 555 km Mass: 1.4 × 10^21 kg Density: 1.99 g/cm³
2002:[SpaceX] Quaoar is a dwarf planet and a Kuiper Belt Object (KBO) located in the outer reaches of our solar system, beyond Neptune. It's notable for its relatively large size, its own moon named Weywot, and an unexpected ring system. Key Facts about Quaoar: Location: Quaoar orbits the Sun in the Kuiper Belt, a region of icy bodies beyond Neptune. Size: It has a diameter of approximately 1,121 kilometers (697 miles). Dwarf Planet Status: While it's classified as a minor planet, it's also a proposed dwarf planet, a category that includes Pluto and other large icy bodies in the outer solar system. Weywot: Quaoar has a moon named Weywot, which is much smaller, with a diameter of around 160 kilometers (100 miles). Ring System: Astronomers were surprised to discover a ring system around Quaoar, which is unusual because it's located much further from the dwarf planet than previously thought possible for such rings. Why Quaoar's Ring is Unusual: Roche Limit: The ring's location is outside the Roche limit, a distance from a celestial body where its gravity would typically break apart moons and form rings. Challenging Theories: The existence of Quaoar's ring challenges existing theories about how rings form around planets and other celestial bodies. In essence, Quaoar is a fascinating object in our solar system, providing valuable insights into the formation and evolution of the outer solar system and its diverse range of icy bodies. Discovered by Chadwick A. Trujillo Michael E. Brown Discovery site Palomar Observatory Discovery date 4 June 2002 Designations MPC designation (50000) Quaoar Pronunciation /ˈkwɑːwɑːr/, /ˈkwɑː.oʊ.ɑːr/ Named after Qua-o-ar / Kwawar[2] (deity of the Tongva people) Alternative designations 2002 LM60 Minor planet category TNO[3] · classical (hot)[4] distant[1] dwarf planet Adjectives Quaoarian Symbol 🝾 (mostly astrological) Orbital characteristics[3] Epoch 31 May 2020 (JD 2459000.5) Uncertainty parameter 3 Observation arc 65.27 yr (23,839 d) Earliest precovery date 25 May 1954 Aphelion 45.488 AU (6.805 Tm) Perihelion 41.900 AU (6.268 Tm) Semi-major axis 43.694 AU (6.537 Tm) Eccentricity 0.04106 Orbital period (sidereal) 288.83 yr (105,495 d) Mean anomaly 301.104° Mean motion 0° 0m 12.285s / day Inclination 7.9895° Longitude of ascending node 188.927° Time of perihelion 11 February 2075[5] ±17 days Argument of perihelion 147.480° Known satellites 1 (Weywot) Physical characteristics Dimensions 1,286 × 1,080 × 932 km[a][6] Mean diameter 1,090±40 km (2024; volume equivalent)[6] Mean radius 545±20 km (2024; volume equivalent)[6] Surface area 3.78×106 km2[7] Volume 6.78×108 km3[8] Mass (1.208±0.063)×1021 kg (system)[b][9]: 13 Mean density 1.66–1.77 g/cm3[6] Equatorial surface gravity 0.31 m/s2 at poles to 0.16 m/s2 at longest axis Equatorial escape velocity 0.59 km/s at poles to 0.5 km/s at longest axis Synodic rotation period 17.6788±0.0004 h[10][11] Axial tilt 12.6°[c] to ecliptic (if coplanar with rings) North pole right ascension 259.5°±0.2° (rings)[12]: 6 North pole declination +55.0°±0.2° (rings)[12]: 6 Geometric albedo 0.124±0.006[14] Temperature ≈ 44 K[15] Spectral type IR (moderately red) B–V=0.94±0.01[16][17] V−R=0.64±0.01[16] V−I=1.28±0.02[17][18] Apparent magnitude 19.0[19] Absolute magnitude (H) 2.737±0.008[19] 2.4 (assumed)[3][1] Angular diameter 40.4±1.8 milliarcseconds
2002:[Mgmt] Jira started in 2002 as an internal bug/issue tracker for Atlassian, named after "Gojira" (Godzilla) due to its inspiration from Bugzilla, evolving from simple issue tracking to a powerful, flexible platform for various teams (software, marketing, HR) using Agile, IT service management, and more, through its core features and extensive marketplace. It's now a leading work management tool, supporting complex workflows and integrations for hundreds of thousands of companies globally, notes Atlassian and Atlassian.
2003:[US][GeoPolitics] invasion of Iraq. (US's involvement in regime change)
2003:[Research][Space] In April 2003, another large-scale structure was discovered, the Sloan Great Wall.
2003:[India] Sikkim is India's first and only fully organic state, officially declared in 2016 after a decade-long process starting in 2003 to ban chemical fertilizers and pesticides, supporting farmers with training and policy, and becoming a global model for sustainable agriculture. While other Indian states like Uttarakhand and Tripura have set similar organic goals, Sikkim remains the pioneering example.
2003:The construction of the Chenab Bridge began with the approval of the project in 2003 and the work officially started in 2004, with the arch construction completing in 2021 and the structure fully completing in 2022, resulting in a total build time of about 19 years from the start of construction to the completion of the structure. (project)
2003:[Book] Dan Brown became a full-time author in 1996. He married Blythe the next year, in 1997, and in 1998, the first Dan Brown book, Digital Fortress, was published. The book that really made Dan Brown famous was the Da Vinci Code. It sold 6,000 copies on the very first day it was released.
2003 (Jan 19):[Crime][India]Rajan's associates gunned down Sharad – Dawood's chief finance manager and money-laundering agent – at the India Club in Dubai.
2003 (Jan 25): Provision of Urban Amenities in Rural Areas (PURA) Scheme. On the eve of India’s 54th Republic Day, Dr. Kalam addressed the nation explaining them his vision for a new India. He visualised providing four elements of connectivity: physical connectivity, electronic connectivity, knowledge connectivity leading to economic connectivity of rural areas and where there would be a lesser urban-rural divide.
2003: DPS Society set up DPS International.
2003: re-birth of GoI's NCST as C-DAC.
2003: DPS Society set up DPS International.
2003: re-birth of GoI's NCST as C-DAC.
2003(Feb 1):[Space][Disaster] Space Shuttle Columbia disaster due to Damage to the left wing's edge by debris from the external tank during launch. On Saturday February 1, 2003, Space Shuttle Columbia disintegrated as it reentered the atmosphere over Texas and Louisiana, killing all seven astronauts on board. It was the second Space Shuttle mission to end in disaster, after the loss of Challenger and crew in 1986. The astronauts exceeded scientists' expectations in terms of the science obtained during their 16 days in space. Tragically, the astronauts perished when Columbia broke apart during reentry on Feb. 1, 2003. Insulation foam from an external tank broke off and hit the left wing of the shuttle. At the time, Lee, industrial engineering former student and chief of NASA's Office of Emergency Management at the Johnson Space Center, said people thought there was no way that would cause a hole in the wing.
2003 (Mar 20):[GeoPolitics] The 2003 invasion of Iraq was the first stage of the Iraq War. The invasion phase began on 19 March 2003 (air) and 20 March 2003 (ground) and lasted just over one month,[26] including 26 days of major combat operations, in which a combined force of troops from the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia and Poland invaded Iraq. Lasted for 1 month, 1 week and 4 days to end on 1 May 2003.
2003 (Apr): a coalition led by the U.S. invaded Iraq to depose Saddam.
In which U.S. President George W. Bush and British Prime Minister Tony Blair accused him of possessing weapons of mass destruction and having ties to al-Qaeda. Saddam's Ba'ath party was disbanded and elections were held. Following his capture on 13 December 2003, the trial of Saddam took place under the Iraqi Interim Government. On 5 November 2006, Saddam was convicted of charges of crimes against humanity related to the 1982 killing of 148 Iraqi Shi'ites, and was sentenced to death by hanging. His execution was carried out on 30 December 2006.
2003 (May 9):[research][cosmos] The Hayabusa spacecraft, however, was launched on May 9, 2003, from the Kagoshima Space Center in Japan to collect asteroid sample.
2003 (Apr): a coalition led by the U.S. invaded Iraq to depose Saddam.
In which U.S. President George W. Bush and British Prime Minister Tony Blair accused him of possessing weapons of mass destruction and having ties to al-Qaeda. Saddam's Ba'ath party was disbanded and elections were held. Following his capture on 13 December 2003, the trial of Saddam took place under the Iraqi Interim Government. On 5 November 2006, Saddam was convicted of charges of crimes against humanity related to the 1982 killing of 148 Iraqi Shi'ites, and was sentenced to death by hanging. His execution was carried out on 30 December 2006.
2003 (May 9):[research][cosmos] The Hayabusa spacecraft, however, was launched on May 9, 2003, from the Kagoshima Space Center in Japan to collect asteroid sample.
2003 (Aug 15): Atal Bihari Vajpayee, the then Prime Minister of India announced implementation of a PURA scheme (a concept by Dr. Kalam) in his Independence Day speech.
2003 (Sep 28): first Vibrant Gujarat: Global Investors' Summit was organized during the Navratri festival, lasted for a week.
2003 (Sep 28): first Vibrant Gujarat: Global Investors' Summit was organized during the Navratri festival, lasted for a week.
2003 (Oct 29):[Gaming] Call of Duty (CoD) is a first-person shooter video game franchise published by Activision. Starting out in 2003, it first focused on games set in World War II.
2003 (Nov): the Swedish anti-copyright bureau founded The Piracy Bureau, which lead to ThePirateBay.com. The Pirate Bay first came online in Mexico where Gottfrid Svartholm, aka Anakata, hosted the site on a server owned by the company he was working for at the time.
2003: The Sahaj Marg Spirituality Foundation (SMSF) is a Public Charitable Trust registered in Chennai, Tamil Nadu in the year 2003 by Shri Parthasarathi Rajagopalachari.
2003: Nokia 1108 was made available to public.
Display: Monochrome, White Backlighting, Standby time: 400 hrs., Weight: 86gms., Built-in flashlight, 36 pre-installed and 7 self-composed monophonic ringtones, a 50-message capacity (inbox and drafts, with 25 messages in the sent items folder), alarm, stopwatch, calculator, 6 profiles, contacts storage (capacity 50, with the ability to assign different tones and icons to different contacts), games (Snake II and Space Impact+) 2003 (Oct): Nokia 6600. At the time of release, it was the most advanced product ever launched by Nokia.
5-way joystick navigation
Battery: BL-5C, 3.7 V, 800 mAh, Li-ion
Display: 176x208 (65,536 colours) 2.16" TFT display
Rear camera: VGA 640x480, 2x digital zoom
a music player and video player,
Apps: Java MIDP 2.0 and Symbian(series 60).
After a few months, the site moved to Sweden where it was hosted on a Pentium III 1GHz laptop with 256MB RAM. This one machine, which belonged to Fredrik Neij, aka TiAMO, kept the site online and included a fully operational tracker.
2003: Nokia 1108 was made available to public.
Display: Monochrome, White Backlighting, Standby time: 400 hrs., Weight: 86gms., Built-in flashlight, 36 pre-installed and 7 self-composed monophonic ringtones, a 50-message capacity (inbox and drafts, with 25 messages in the sent items folder), alarm, stopwatch, calculator, 6 profiles, contacts storage (capacity 50, with the ability to assign different tones and icons to different contacts), games (Snake II and Space Impact+) 2003 (Oct): Nokia 6600. At the time of release, it was the most advanced product ever launched by Nokia.
5-way joystick navigation
Battery: BL-5C, 3.7 V, 800 mAh, Li-ion
Display: 176x208 (65,536 colours) 2.16" TFT display
Rear camera: VGA 640x480, 2x digital zoom
a music player and video player,
Apps: Java MIDP 2.0 and Symbian(series 60).
2003: The Pirate Bay | Last.fm | MySpace | iTunes Store
2003 (Dec 9):[Music] American rock band Hoobastank's The Reason, the second studio album, released on December 9, 2003 by Island Records. Produced by Howard Benson, it was the band's last album to feature bassist Markku Lappaleinen prior to his departure in 2005.
2003 (Dec 9):[Music] American rock band Hoobastank's The Reason, the second studio album, released on December 9, 2003 by Island Records. Produced by Howard Benson, it was the band's last album to feature bassist Markku Lappaleinen prior to his departure in 2005.
2003 (Dec 12):[Jack] LOC: Kargil
2003:[Book][Medicine] Mountains Beyond Mountains: The Quest of Dr. Paul Farmer, A Man Who Would Cure the World (2003) is a non-fiction, biographical work by American writer Tracy Kidder. The book traces the life of physician and anthropologist Paul Farmer with particular focus on his work fighting tuberculosis in Haiti, Peru and Russia.
2003:[Corporate][India]Rail Vikas Nigam Limited (RVNL) is under the ownership of Indian Railways, Ministry of Railways, Government of India involved in building rail infrastructure required by the railways. It is an offshoot of the implementation of National Rail Vikas Yojana (NRVY) announced from the ramparts of Red Fort by the then Prime Minister, Sh Atal Behari Vajpayee, during the Independence Day speech on 15 August 2002. NRVY was formally launched by the Hon’ble PM on 26 December 2002 to bridge rail infrastructure deficit. RVNL came into being on 24 January 2003 as a 100% owned PSU of the Ministry of Railway. It became fully functional by March 2005.
2003:[FnB][Management][Business] Cadbury India's Work Crisis. Horrifying Diwali for Cadbury India due to reports that customers found worms in the Dairy Milk chocolate. Sales plummeted by 30%. They later clarified the root-cause was from Retailer's poor storage facilities, roped-in Amitabh Bachhan as brand ambassador, enhanced packaging by investing Rs.150 million, launched Project Vishwas as corporate initiative to educate retailers on the importance of secure storage facilities.
2003:[Research] Shockwave cosmology is a non-standard cosmology proposed by American mathematician, Joel Smoller (Prof at Purdue University) and American physicist Blake Temple (distinguished Professor Emeritus at University of California, Davis) in 2003. In this model, the “big bang” is an explosion inside a black hole, producing the expanding volume of space and matter that includes the observable universe.
2003:[Research][Extreme] The European Consortium for Ocean Research Drilling (ECORD) was established in December 2003 with 13 European countries to represent the European contribution in IODP. The consortium grew into a collaborative group of 17 European nations (Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, The Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom) and Canada that together comprise an IODP-funding agency. Working alongside Japan and the United States, ECORD provided the IODP scientific community with access to mission-specific platforms, which chosen to fulfill specific scientific objectives. These platforms have limited space on board for labs and scientists, and require an onshore science meeting to describe, process, and analyze the sediment samples collected immediately following a drilling expedition. The program began a new 10-year phase with the International Ocean Discovery Program, from the end of 2013.
2003:It is located near the prestigious Central Park and Columbus Circle. It was opened in 2003. It has 248 rooms and suites and the cheapest priced at $745 (around Rs 55,000) per night. The luxurious room costs $14,000 (over Rs 10 lakh) per night. The hotel also offers two more options one is the Presidential Suite and another is Suite 5000, located on the 53rd floor, with even higher price.
Asia’s richest person, Mukesh Ambani owns luxury real estate. After acquisition of the historic Stoke Park property in London Mukesh Ambani’s company had purchased the premium luxury hotel Mandarin Oriental in New York. Though it’s different from Stoke Park, it has its unique value as its favorite for Hollywood celebrities.
2003: Hindalco Industries acquired Nifty Copper Mines in Australia. (Birla)
2003: RVNL has been granted the Mini-Ratna-1 status on 19 September 2013.
2003:[SpaceX] 90377 Sedna Dwarf planet Sedna is a dwarf planet in the outermost reaches of the Solar System, orbiting the Sun far beyond the orbit of Neptune. Discovered in 2003, the frigid planetoid is one of the reddest known among Solar System bodies. Wikipedia Orbital period: 11,408 years Discovered: 14 November 2003 Discoverers: Michael E. Brown, Chad Trujillo, David L. Rabinowitz Radius: 497.5 km
2003:[Business] Monkey Shoulder was introduced in 2003 as a brand of blended malt whisky (formerly called "vatted malt whisky") primarily for mixing, occupying a middle ground between blended Scotch (which can contain grain whisky) and single malt whisky (which cannot).[3] Originally a blend from the Balvenie, Glenfiddich, and Kininvie distilleries, its current composition is not publicly known, although its constituent malt whiskies originate from the Speyside region.
2003: Ginger Hotels was established in 2003 by Roots Corporation (RCL), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Tata Group. It was the first of its kind to launch as a "Smart Basics™ hotel chain" in India. Ginger Hotels are owned by The Indian Hotels Company Limited (IHCL), which is a subsidiary of the Tata Group. IHCL is a leading Indian hospitality company and a Tata enterprise that operates various brands, including Ginger, Taj, Vivanta, and more.
2003:[Business][Marketing] The "Smart Basics™" concept describes the foundational strategy for Ginger Hotels, a chain of budget-friendly, contemporary hotels in India. First piloted as indiOne, the Smart Basics™ approach was designed by the Indian Hotels Company Limited (IHCL) to offer smart, comfortable stays at affordable prices, focusing on essential features like a Smart Space, Safe Zone, and Gymnasium within a stylish, simple, and innovative setting. Ginger Hotels is known for its Lean Luxe model, catering to the modern business traveler with a focus on contemporary design and warm hospitality.
2003: Sergey Brin, co-founder of Google and one of the world's richest men, visited Epstein's private island and made plans to dine at Epstein's home in New York City, according to the documents released on Friday. He also corresponded with Ghislaine Maxwell, who wrote to Brin in April 2003: "Dinners at Jeffrey's are always happily casual and relaxed", and, "Look forward to seeing you". In another email, Maxwell invited Brin to join her at a film screening in New York.
2003:[Music][Culture] 'Dak Bangla' sung by Lakhwinder Lucky is a popular Punjabi song, released between 2003 and 2007.The song is primarily a romantic or breakup-based Punjabi folk song, usually depicting longing for a loved one or a love story set in a rural setting.
2004:
2004:[GeoPolitics][Business] The objectives of TRACECA (1993) were underlined by the Baku Initiative of 2004, followed by a further ministerial conference in Sofia, Bulgaria, in 2006.
2004 (Jan 6): [GeoPolitics] The South Asian Free Trade Area (SAFTA) is an agreement reached on 6 January 2004, at the 12th SAARC summit in Islamabad, Pakistan. It created a free-trade area of 1.6 billion people in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, the Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka to reduce customs duties of all traded goods to zero by the year 2016.
2004 (May 22): Atal Bihari Vajpayee resigns. Manmohan Singh becomes PM of India for next 10 years.
2004 (May 7): Feeling a humanitarian obligation to fight in the Iraq War to help free oppressed people, Snowden enlisted in the United States Army Reserve.
2004 (Jun): Man Booker Int'l Prize was introduced by the UK's Man Group. (Prize: £50,000 and £1000)1760
2004 (May 7): Feeling a humanitarian obligation to fight in the Iraq War to help free oppressed people, Snowden enlisted in the United States Army Reserve.
2004 (Jun): Man Booker Int'l Prize was introduced by the UK's Man Group. (Prize: £50,000 and £1000)1760
2004 (Jun 18):[Art] Lakshya (transl. Aim) is a 2004 Indian Hindi-language war-drama film directed by Farhan Akhtar and produced by Ritesh Sidhwani, starring Hrithik Roshan, Amitabh Bachchan and Preity Zinta in the lead roles. Hrithik Roshan plays the role of Lieutenant (later acting Captain) Karan Shergill, who develops from an aimless young man into an army officer. It is a coming of age story set against a fictionalized backdrop of the 1999 Kargil War.
2004 (Jul1):[Book][Military] Jim Proser's I'm Staying with My Boys: The Heroic Life of Sgt. John Basilone, USMC
2004 (Aug 28): [GeoPolitics] Central Asia plus Japan dialogue was formally declared in Astana, Kazakhstan at a meeting of foreign ministers from the four participating Central Asian governments and Japan. Japan's efforts in creating the "Central Asia plus Japan" dialogue is part of its "Silk Road diplomacy", a term used for Japan's current Central Asia policy.
2004 (Sep): The US maintained two sites, in the Chequamegon-Nicolet National Forest, Wisconsin and in the Escanaba River State Forest, Michigan (originally named Project Sanguine, then downsized and rechristened Project ELF prior to construction), until they were dismantled, beginning in late September 2004.
2004 (Nov): DPS, RK Puram courted controversy when a pornographic MMS video involving two of its class XI students (aged 17) went viral in 2004. The two students involved were expelled. Both students come from affluent backgrounds ' the boy is from a business family and the girl's father is said to be in the services.
2004 (Dec 26, 6:28AM IST): The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake occurred at 00:58:53 UTC on 26 December with the epicentre off the west coast of Sumatra, Indonesia. The shock had a moment magnitude of 9.1–9.3 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent). The undersea megathrust earthquake was caused when the Indian Plate was subducted by the Burma Plate and triggered a series of devastating tsunamis along the coasts of most landmasses bordering the Indian Ocean, killing 230,000–280,000 people in 14 countries, and inundating coastal communities with waves up to 30 metres (100 ft) high. It was one of the deadliest natural disasters in recorded history. Indonesia was the hardest-hit country, followed by Sri Lanka, India, and Thailand.
2004 (Oct): ThePirateBay.com was estd as a separate organisation under Sweden's The Piracy Bureau.
2004 (Oct 10): The brand name "Oppo" was registered in China in 2001 and launched in 2004. Since then, the company has expanded to 50 countries. Oppo was founded by Tony Chen and headquartered in Dongguan, Guangdong.
2004 (Oct 26): Grand Theft Auto-San Andreas was released.
2004: RK assisted Sanjay Leela Bhansali for his movie Black.2004 (Oct 26): Grand Theft Auto-San Andreas was released.
2004 (Nov): DPS, RK Puram courted controversy when a pornographic MMS video involving two of its class XI students (aged 17) went viral in 2004. The two students involved were expelled. Both students come from affluent backgrounds ' the boy is from a business family and the girl's father is said to be in the services.
2004 (Dec 26, 6:28AM IST): The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake occurred at 00:58:53 UTC on 26 December with the epicentre off the west coast of Sumatra, Indonesia. The shock had a moment magnitude of 9.1–9.3 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent). The undersea megathrust earthquake was caused when the Indian Plate was subducted by the Burma Plate and triggered a series of devastating tsunamis along the coasts of most landmasses bordering the Indian Ocean, killing 230,000–280,000 people in 14 countries, and inundating coastal communities with waves up to 30 metres (100 ft) high. It was one of the deadliest natural disasters in recorded history. Indonesia was the hardest-hit country, followed by Sri Lanka, India, and Thailand.
2004:[Business][GeoPolitics]Forum of Young Global Leaders, or Young Global Leaders (YGL), is a non-profit organization. The organization was created by Klaus Schwab, founder of the World Economic Forum and is managed from Geneva, Switzerland, under the supervision of the Swiss government. It is run by the World Economic Forum (WEF).
2004:[Book] Chetan Bhagat's Five Point Someone; One Night @ the Call Center (2005); The 3 Mistakes of My Life (2008); 2 States (2009); Revolution 2020 (2011); What Young India Wants (2012); Half Girlfriend (2014); Making India Awesome (2015); One Indian Girl (2016); The Girl in Room 105 (2018); India Positive (2019); One Arranged Murder(2020); 400 Days (2021).
2004:[Book] Chetan Bhagat's Five Point Someone; One Night @ the Call Center (2005); The 3 Mistakes of My Life (2008); 2 States (2009); Revolution 2020 (2011); What Young India Wants (2012); Half Girlfriend (2014); Making India Awesome (2015); One Indian Girl (2016); The Girl in Room 105 (2018); India Positive (2019); One Arranged Murder(2020); 400 Days (2021).
2004:[Music] Green Day - Wake Me Up When September Ends from album American Idiot.
2004:[Extreme][Env][Research] The Eastern Antarctic Plateau claims the title of coldest place on Earth. Between 2004 and 2016, satellite data collected across Dome Argus and Dome Fuji, an area around the size of Australia, suggest that air temperatures could be around -94°C.
2004 (Jun):The Titanic's bow, photographed.
2004:[www] Hackaday was founded in 2004. It was initially created as a web magazine by Phillip Torrone for Engadget and later became independent.
2004: Birla acquired a majority stake in L&T Cement, later renamed UltraTech Cement.
2004:[SpaceX] Haumea is a dwarf planet located beyond Neptune's orbit. It was discovered in 2004 by a team headed by Mike Brown of Caltech at the Palomar Observatory, and formally announced in 2005 by a team headed ... Wikipedia Moons: Namaka, Hiʻiaka Radius: 816 km Discovery site: Observatorio de Sierra Nevada Orbital period: 284 years Discoverers: Michael E. Brown, José Luis Ortiz Moreno Discovered: 28 December 2004 Gravity: 0.401 m/s²
2004:[SpaceX] S/2004 (45) 1 Moon - S/2004 (45) 1 is one of the two known moons orbiting the asteroid 45 Eugenia. Discovered in March 2004 by a team led by Franck Marchis using observations from the Keck Observatory in Hawaii, it is the smaller of the two moons accompanying 45 Eugenia. S/2004 (45) 1 - Discovered: February 2004 Discoverer: Franck Marchis Orbits: 45 Eugenia
2004:[SpaceX] Haumea was discovered by two teams in 2004: one led by Mike Brown of Caltech and the other by José Luis Ortiz Moreno. It was officially designated as a dwarf planet and plutoid (a type of dwarf planet in the outer solar system) in 2008. The dwarf planet is named after Haumea, the Hawaiian goddess of birth and fertility. Haumea is an oval-shaped dwarf planet in the Kuiper Belt beyond Neptune, characterized by its rapid four-hour rotation and water ice surface. It was discovered in 2004 and announced in 2005, has two moons (Namaka and Hiʻiaka), and its fast spin distorts its shape into a football-like form. Haumea spins on its axis in approximately four hours, making it one of the fastest-rotating large objects in the solar system. It has at least two known moons, Namaka and Hiʻiaka, named after figures from Hawaiian mythology.
2004:[Delhi] Buildings and establishments becoming ready for possession or opening in NOida Sector 50 (ATS Greens 2)
2004 (Mar):[mgmt] Confluence, an enterprise wiki and knowledge management tool, was launched by Atlassian on March 25, 2004, designed for team collaboration and centralizing project information, evolving from a simple wiki to an integrated part of Atlassian's software suite (like Jira) and offering features like version control, page history, and Data Center for high availability.
2005: YouTube.com
2005: SIMCom Wireless Solutions launched GSM/GPRS module SIM300.
2005: The Great Indian Laughter Challenge telecasted on STAR One with Shekhar Suman and Navjot Singh Sidhu as Judges.
2005: Reddit founded.
2005 (Nov 6): Swaminarayan Akshardham complex of Delhi was officially inaugurated by Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam.
2005: India.gov.in launched. It is the Indian government’s web portal for citizens. It presents information resources and online services from government sources, accessible from a single point. It is also known as the National Portal of India.
2005: SIMCom Wireless Solutions launched GSM/GPRS module SIM300.
2005: The Great Indian Laughter Challenge telecasted on STAR One with Shekhar Suman and Navjot Singh Sidhu as Judges.
2005: Reddit founded.
2005 (Nov 6): Swaminarayan Akshardham complex of Delhi was officially inaugurated by Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam.
2005: India.gov.in launched. It is the Indian government’s web portal for citizens. It presents information resources and online services from government sources, accessible from a single point. It is also known as the National Portal of India.
2005 (Jan 14 12:43):[Space] Huygens was an atmospheric entry robotic space probe that landed successfully on Saturn's moon Titan on 10.573°S 192.335°W (southern hemisphere). Last contact time 13:37 (lasted for less than an hour i.e. 54 mins).
2005 (Mar 30):Crossings Infrasturcture Private Limited is a Private incorporated on 30 March 2005 in ROC Delhi. Directors of Crossings Infrasturcture Private Limited are Priyanka Jhawar, Ram Kishor Arora, Sanjeev Srivastva, Ashok Kumar Gupta, Ashok Chaudhry, Manoj Gaur, Amit Jain and Dhan Singh Bisht.
2005 (Aug): Instructables is a website specializing in user-created and uploaded do-it-yourself projects, which other users can comment on and rate for quality. It was created by Eric Wilhelm and Saul Griffith and launched in August 2005.
2005 (Aug 12): IRCTC introduces E-ticketing for IR.
2005 (Aug 26): ticketing by SMS begins from IRCTC.
2005 (Aug 26): ticketing by SMS begins from IRCTC.
2005 (Aug 29): Prison Break released. It is an American serial drama television series created by Paul Scheuring for Fox.
2005: Megaupload, a torrent-like website, was founded by NewZealand's Kim Schmitz (or Kim Dotcom).
2005:[Book][Polity] Elinor Ostrom & Krister Andersson's The Samaritan's Dilemma: The Political Economy of Development Aid
2005:[Book][Psy] Malcolm Gladwell's second book, Blink: The Power of Thinking Without Thinking
2005 (Apr 12):[Book] Debut non-fiction book by University of Chicago economist Steven Levitt and New York Times journalist Stephen J. Dubner's Freakonomics: A Rogue Economist Explores the Hidden Side of Everything; SuperFreakonomics: Global Cooling, Patriotic Prostitutes, and Why Suicide Bombers Should Buy Life Insurance (2009, Oct)
2005 (Nov 11) - Abu Salem extradited from Portugal to India. On Nov 24, he lodged in a Mumbai prison serving life imprisonment, will likely walk free by November 2030 (after 25 years) as per the assurance given by India to Portugal for his extradition?
2005:[Env] The carbon credit system was ratified in conjunction with the Kyoto Protocol (adopted in Kyoto, Japan in 1997 and entered in force in 2005). Its goal was to stop the increase of CO2 emissions. For example, if an environmentalist group plants enough trees to reduce emissions by one ton, the group will be awarded a credit.
2005:[space]Sirius B is 10,000 times dimmer than Sirius, according to NASA. It's so dim, and therefore so difficult to see from Earth, that astronomers couldn't estimate its mass until 2005, thanks to data from the Hubble Space Telescope.
2005:[Aviation] First flight - The luxuriously designed Boeing 777-200LR is among the largest private jet aircraft available. It is designed for maximum personal space, ergonomic comfort, and the seats convert to 180-degree lie-flat beds. The average hourly rental rate of the Boeing 777-200LR VIP is around 26,000 USD per hour.
2005:[Env][Disaster] Mumbai and the surrounding state Maharashtra, Karnataka, monsoon rain in 2005, 1500 deaths
2005:[SpaceX] Makemake is a dwarf planet and the largest of what is known as the classical population of Kuiper belt objects, with a diameter approximately that of Saturn's moon Iapetus, or 60% that of Pluto. It has one known satellite. Wikipedia Moon: S/2015 (136472) 1 Orbital period: 306 years Discoverers: Michael E. Brown, Chad Trujillo, David L. Rabinowitz Discovered: 31 March 2005 Radius: 715 km Gravity: 0.5 m/s²
2005:[SpaceX] Eris is the most massive and second-largest known dwarf planet in the Solar System. It is a trans-Neptunian object in the scattered disk and has a high-eccentricity orbit. Eris was discovered in January 2005 by a Palomar Observatory–based team led by Mike Brown and verified later that year. Wikipedia Moon: Dysnomia Discovered: 5 January 2005 Radius: 1,163 km Discoverers: Michael E. Brown, Chad Trujillo, David L. Rabinowitz Orbital period: 558 years Gravity: 0.82 m/s² Density: 2.52 g/cm³
2005:[Business][Crime] The owner of one of India's biggest confectionary chains, Haldiram's, will stay in jail for now. Prabhu Shankar Agarwal was sentenced, along with four others, to life in prison in January, 2010, for conspiring and attempting to murder a tea vendor in 2005.
2005:[Jack] played Mario SuperBros for the first time in school's computer lab around 2004-05.
2005:[silvics][India] Planting Stock Improvement Unit (PSIU): This discipline was created in 2005 to work for integrating plantation forestry and applied tree improvement. The unit carries out research in the field of vegetative propagation of difficult-to-propagate species, nursery technology of lesser-known tree species, plantation technology and evaluation of field performance of important trees. The unit has taken initiative to produce new clones of poplar and their field testing. The faculty also contributes to functioning of International Poplar Commission, FAO and National Poplar Commission of India. The unit recently evaluated field plantations of Punjab Forest Department and undertook surveys of medicinal plants in the market in states of Uttar Pradesh, Delhi and Uttarakhand. The Division has been actively conducting general and specialized short term training programmes on seed technology, nursery management, afforestation techniques, silviculture, disaster management, etc. for State Forest Departments, government departments, PSUs, farmers, NGOs, etc. It provides technical assistance to FRI (Deemed) University in education and research. The faculty is actively involved in teaching & research in master’s and doctoral programmes of FRI (Deemed) University with an objective to kindle knowledge and interest in the subject amongst students and scholars. It provides consultancy services to a diverse array of stakeholders on silvicultural issues. Under one such initiatives a DPR was prepared for forestry interventions of Ganga covering the entire route of the river and select tributaries on request of Ministry of Water Resources, Government of India. (FRI)
2004:[GeoPolitics][Business] The objectives of TRACECA (1993) were underlined by the Baku Initiative of 2004, followed by a further ministerial conference in Sofia, Bulgaria, in 2006.
2006:[Research][Space] The WiggleZ Dark Energy Survey is a large-scale astronomical redshift survey that was carried out on the 3.9 metre Anglo-Australian Telescope at the Siding Spring Observatory, New South Wales between August 2006 and January 2011.
2006 (Jan 19): NASA's New Horizons launched. It became the first spacecraft to visit dwarf planet Pluto in July 2015. The far-traveling spacecraft also visited a distant Kuiper Belt object Ultima Thule (2014 MU69) – now called Arrokoth – in January 2019. New Horizons is still exploring our solar system and on April 17, 2021, the spacecraft reached a distance of 50 astronomical units (AU) from the sun.
2006 (Feb 28):[Book] Carol S. Dweck's Mindset: The New Psychology of Success
2006:[Book] The Tribute and other stories by Dash Benhur.
2006: Intel's Pentium Dual-Core arrived
2006: IPv6 commercial deployment.2006: US and Europe discontinued the electric telegraph.
2006: Organization of Turkic States first proposed by Kazakh President Nursultan Nazarbayev.
2006: Nepalese Civil War.
2006: UN Commission on Human Rights became UN Human Rights Council.
2006: The Indian government approved the IRNSS project.
2006 (Mar): OLX
2006: RedBus.in
2006: Indigo Airlines
2006: UN Commission on Human Rights became UN Human Rights Council.
2006: The Indian government approved the IRNSS project.
2006 (Mar): OLX
2006: RedBus.in
2006: Indigo Airlines
2006 (Feb 20): NASA published about atmospheres of the giant planets.
Jupiter's composition is mainly hydrogen and helium. In contrast to planetary bodies covered with a hard surface crust (the Earth, for example), the jovian surface is gaseous-liquid, rendering the boundary between the atmosphere and the planet itself almost indistinguishable. Below the roughly 1000-kilometer-thick atmosphere, a layer of liquid hydrogen extends to a depth of 20,000 kilometers. Even deeper, it is believed that there is a layer of liquid metallic hydrogen at a pressure of 3 million bars. The planet core is believed to comprise iron-nickel alloy, rock, etc., at a temperature estimated to exceed 20,000C.
As with Jupiter, Saturn is mainly composed of hydrogen and helium and is observed to be of extremely low density. In fact, Saturn's mean density is only about two-thirds that of water. The Saturn atmosphere comprises, in descending order of altitude, a layer of ammonia, a layer of ammonium hydrogen sulfide, and a layer of ice. Below this, the saturnian surface is a stratum of liquid hydrogen (as in the case of Jupiter) underlain with a layer of liquid metallic hydrogen. It is believed that the liquid hydrogen layer of Saturn is thicker than that of Jupiter, while the liquid metallic hydrogen layer may be thinner. The planet's core is estimated to be composed of rock and ice.
Uranus is gaseous in composition, mainly comprising hydrogen and helium as in the case of Jupiter and Saturn. The planet atmosphere is mostly hydrogen but also includes helium and methane. The planet core is estimated to be rock and ice encompassed by an outer layer of ice comprised of water, ammonium, and methane.
The atmosphere of Neptune consists of mainly hydrogen, methane and helium, similar to Uranus. Below it is a liquid hydrogen layer including helium and methane. The lower layer is made up of the liquid hydrogen compounds oxygen and nitrogen. It is believed that the planet core comprises rock and ice. Neptune's average density, as well as the greatest proportion of core per planet size, is the greatest among all the gaseous planets.
2006 (May):[Art] Andy Warhol's Small Torn Campbell Soup Can (Pepper Pot) (1962) sold for $11,776,000 and set the current auction world record for a painting from the Campbell Soup can series.
2006 (May 18): The National e-Governance Plan (NeGP) is an initiative of the Government of India to make all government services available to the citizens of India via electronic media.
2006 (May 31): Swedish police organized a raid on ThePirateBay in 12 different premises and confesticated 186 servers and causing it to go offline for 3 days.
2006: Nokia 1600, the phone with a speaking clock feature,
Pre-composed ringtones can be transferred through a data cable, a basic calculator which can perform only addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, 14 pre-defined themes with 14 wallpapers and menu backgrounds, the menu features animated icons,
2006 (Mar 7): Varanasi bombings: A terrorist attack in Varanasi killed at least 15 people and left more than 50 injured.
2006 (Apr 10): Fire at Brand India Fair at Meerut Victoria Park in Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, killed 100.
2006 (May 31): Less than three years after The Pirate Bay was founded, 65 Swedish police officers entered a datacenter in Stockholm. The policemen had instructions to shut down the Pirate Bay’s servers, and that’s exactly what they did.
2006: Nokia 1600, the phone with a speaking clock feature,
Pre-composed ringtones can be transferred through a data cable, a basic calculator which can perform only addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, 14 pre-defined themes with 14 wallpapers and menu backgrounds, the menu features animated icons,
2006 (Mar 7): Varanasi bombings: A terrorist attack in Varanasi killed at least 15 people and left more than 50 injured.
2006 (Apr 10): Fire at Brand India Fair at Meerut Victoria Park in Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, killed 100.
2006 (May 31): Less than three years after The Pirate Bay was founded, 65 Swedish police officers entered a datacenter in Stockholm. The policemen had instructions to shut down the Pirate Bay’s servers, and that’s exactly what they did.
2006 (Jul 11): Mumbai train bombings: A series of coordinated bomb attacks struck several commuter trains in Mumbai, India during the evening rush hour. 209 killed, 700 injured.
2006 (Jul): the United States Congress amended U.S. law to accommodate civilian nuclear trade with India.
2006 (Sep/Oct): Dengue and H5N1 outbreak in India.
2006 (Nov 20): West Bengal train disaster
2006: The Tribute and Other Stories (Fiction, Ft. in English- Literature Reader, Class X (2009-11)) was published by Rupantar. It is a collection of short Odia stories by Jiten Da "Dash Benhur" on 116 pages.
2006 (Apr 3): Jawed Habib Hair And Beauty Limited founded as a public incorporated. They went into franchise business in 2009.
2006 (Mar): the US National Airspace Data Interchange Network has used X.25 to interconnect remote airfields with Air Route Traffic Control Centers.
2006 (Sep/Oct): Dengue and H5N1 outbreak in India.
2006 (Nov 20): West Bengal train disaster
2006: The Tribute and Other Stories (Fiction, Ft. in English- Literature Reader, Class X (2009-11)) was published by Rupantar. It is a collection of short Odia stories by Jiten Da "Dash Benhur" on 116 pages.
2006 (Apr 3): Jawed Habib Hair And Beauty Limited founded as a public incorporated. They went into franchise business in 2009.
2006 (Mar): the US National Airspace Data Interchange Network has used X.25 to interconnect remote airfields with Air Route Traffic Control Centers.
2006 (Dec 20): [GeoPolitics] The Somalia War, also known as the Ethiopian occupation of Somalia or Ethiopian intervention in Somali Civil War was an armed conflict involving largely US-backed Ethiopian and Somali Transitional Federal Government (TFG) forces and Somali troops from Puntland versus the Somali Islamist umbrella group, the Islamic Court Union (ICU), and other affiliated militias for control of Somalia. It lasted for 2 years, 1 month, 1 week and 3 days, to end on 30 January 2009.
2006:[Book] The Secret, a self-help book promoting by Rhonda Byrne, based on the earlier film of the same name. It is based on the belief of the law of attraction, which claims that thoughts can change a person's life directly. The book alleges energy as assurance of its effectiveness.
2006:[Music] the best Finnish music video of all time, Poets of the Fall's Carnival of Rust.
2006:[Computing] OAuth began in November 2006 when Blaine Cook was developing the Twitter OpenID implementation. The OAuth 1.0 protocol was published as RFC 5849, an informational Request for Comments, in April 2010. On 23 April 2009, a session fixation security flaw in the 1.0 protocol was announced (3-legged OAuth). OAuth 2.0, which stands for “Open Authorization”, is a standard designed to allow a website or application to access resources hosted by other web apps on behalf of a user. It replaced OAuth 1.0 in 2012 and is now the de facto industry standard for online authorization. OpenID Foundation was formed in June 2007.
2006:[Computing][Quantum] Institute for Quantum Computing, Perimeter Institute For Theoretical Physics, and MIT (12 qubits).
2006:[Computing][Quantum] Libquantum is a C library quantum mechanics simulator originally focused on virtual quantum computers. It is licensed under the GNU GPL. It was a part of SPEC 2006. The latest version is stated to be v1.1.1 (Jan 2013) on the mailing list, but on the website there is only v0.9.1 from 2007.
2006:[NSE] Dhampur Sugar's Rajpura unit was established in 2006 with a crushing capacity of 8500 TCD. Our extensive efforts in R&D over the last 15 years has helped in an increase in cane area with varying sugar availability.
2006:[Mntngg][Extreme] Didier Berthod is a Swiss climber who is known for his crack climbing. Famously, he came very close to making the first ascent of Cobra Crack in Squamish in 2006 before injury stopped him and Sonnie Trotter made the first ascent.
2006:Infosys has made several acquisitions throughout its history. Some notable ones include: McKamish Systems in December 2009, Portland Group in January 2012, Marsh BPO in September 2012, and Eishtec in October 2019. Additionally, in 2006, Infosys bought out Citigroup's stake in Progeon.
2006:[Cinema][Research] Discovery Channel's How Do They Do It? - In a highly mechanised world, the host explores how ordinary objects are created and sheds light on the vision of geniuses and industrial designers who strive to make things better.
2006:[SpaceX] Ceres is a dwarf planet in the asteroid belt, the largest object there, and the only one in the inner solar system. Discovered in 1801, it was once thought to be an asteroid but was reclassified as a dwarf planet in 2006 due to its size and other characteristics. NASA's Dawn spacecraft studied Ceres from 2015 to 2018, revealing bright spots of reflective salts from subsurface briny water, suggesting ongoing geologic activity.
2006:The initial construction on the Palm Jumeirah began in 2001 and finished around 2006, with residents arriving the following year. The other two planned Palm Islands, Palm Jebel Ali and Palm Deira, have not been fully completed, with construction on Palm Jebel Ali halting in 2008 and Palm Deira shifting gears in 2013.
2006:[Adventure][Cinema][Who] Simon Reeve takes a 25,000 mile journey on his travels around the Equator.
2006:[US][Edu][Culture] Alpha Epsilon Pi Fraternity Throwback to that time Mark Zuckerberg (Harvard, 2006) spoke at AEPi's 92nd International Convention. #AEPi #thejewishfraternity #ProudtobeaPi. fret
2006:[Eco] Bhutan announced a goal of 100% organic agriculture in 2006. Looking after the environment and animal welfare, and not poisoning insects and other living things are precepts congruent with Buddhism, the national religion of Bhutan.
2006:[silvics][who] Dr Gabriel Hemery (born 13 December 1968) is an English forest scientist (silvologist) and author. He co-founded the Sylva Foundation with Sir Martin Wood, a tree and forestry charity established in 2009.
2007:[Research][Space] In August 2007, a possible supervoid was detected in the constellation Eridanus. It coincides with the 'CMB cold spot', a cold region in the microwave sky that is highly improbable under the currently favored cosmological model. This supervoid could cause the cold spot, but to do so it would have to be improbably big, possibly a billion light-years across, almost as big as the Giant Void mentioned above.
2007:[Education] Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology (IIST), Thiruvananthapuram (KL) has been established in the year 2007 as an autonomous academic institution under Department of Space, Government of India.
2007 (Jan 12/13): The idea for Gujarat International Finance Tec-City (GIFT City) was conceived during the Vibrant Gujarat Global Investor Summit 2007 and the initial planning was done by East China Architectural Design & Research Institute (ECADI), which planned much of modern-day Shanghai. As of April 2021, about 225 units/companies are operational and more than 12,000 professionals are employed in the city.
2007: iOS (originally iPhone OS) was launched by Apple Inc.
2007: production of Nokia 6600 was stopped by Nokia.
2007: Meru Cabs is a ride hailing company based in Mumbai, India. It provides cab booking facilities through calls, website, Messenger bot on Facebook, Google Maps or through their mobile application a
2007: Comedy Circus telecasted at Sony Entertainment Television with Archana Puran Singh, Johnny Lever and Satish Shah as Judges.
2007 (May): A. Raja takes over as Telecom Minister.
2007 (May 13): Kumari Mayawati became CM of UP for 5 years, till Mar 7, 2012. The 2007 UP Assembly elections, gave BSP's Mayawati 206 seats giving her clear majority and five years term to rule.
2007 (Aug): Process of allotment of 2G spectrum along with UAS License initiated by DoT.
2007 (Aug 22): The Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (QSD), colloquially the Quad or QUAD, is a strategic security dialogue between the United States, India, Japan and Australia that is maintained by talks between member countries. The dialogue was initiated in 2007 by Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, with the support of U.S. Vice President Dick Cheney, Australian Prime Minister John Howard, and Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh. The dialogue was paralleled by joint military exercises of an unprecedented scale, titled Exercise Malabar. The diplomatic and military arrangement was widely viewed as a response to increased Chinese economic and military power, and the Chinese government responded to the Quadrilateral dialogue by issuing formal diplomatic protests to its members, calling it "Asian NATO".
2007 (Feb): Hyperinflation in Zimbabwe was a period of currency instability in Zimbabwe that, using Cagan's definition of hyperinflation, began in February 2007. During the height of inflation from 2008 to 2009, it was difficult to measure Zimbabwe's hyperinflation because the government of Zimbabwe stopped filing official inflation statistics. However, Zimbabwe's peak month of inflation is estimated at 79.6 billion percent month-on-month, 89.7 sextillion percent year-on-year in mid-November 2008.
2007: Irina Blok designed the Android logo inspired by restroom logos fro male and female. In 2010, she and her 6-year-old daughter were in a movie theater waiting for “Alice in Wonderland” to begin when an Android logo flashed on the screen. Her daughter, Blok recalls, suddenly stood up and yelled, “My mommy invented that!”2007: iOS (originally iPhone OS) was launched by Apple Inc.
2007: production of Nokia 6600 was stopped by Nokia.
2007: Meru Cabs is a ride hailing company based in Mumbai, India. It provides cab booking facilities through calls, website, Messenger bot on Facebook, Google Maps or through their mobile application a
2007: Comedy Circus telecasted at Sony Entertainment Television with Archana Puran Singh, Johnny Lever and Satish Shah as Judges.
2007 (May): A. Raja takes over as Telecom Minister.
2007 (May 13): Kumari Mayawati became CM of UP for 5 years, till Mar 7, 2012. The 2007 UP Assembly elections, gave BSP's Mayawati 206 seats giving her clear majority and five years term to rule.
2007 (Aug): Process of allotment of 2G spectrum along with UAS License initiated by DoT.
2007 (Aug 22): The Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (QSD), colloquially the Quad or QUAD, is a strategic security dialogue between the United States, India, Japan and Australia that is maintained by talks between member countries. The dialogue was initiated in 2007 by Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, with the support of U.S. Vice President Dick Cheney, Australian Prime Minister John Howard, and Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh. The dialogue was paralleled by joint military exercises of an unprecedented scale, titled Exercise Malabar. The diplomatic and military arrangement was widely viewed as a response to increased Chinese economic and military power, and the Chinese government responded to the Quadrilateral dialogue by issuing formal diplomatic protests to its members, calling it "Asian NATO".
2007 (Oct 1): deadline for application for buying 2G spectrum. DoT receives 575 applications by 46 firms.
2007 (Nov 13): 1 USD= 39.01953 INR or simply 1$ = ₹39.02
2007: Jyotiraditya Scindia was introduced to the Union Council of Ministers as Minister of State for Communications and Information Technology.
2007: Hat Ja Tau Paachhe Ne (Album: Naya Lifafa), a popular Haryanvi DJ Song out on YouTube. It is sung by Vikas Kumar and composed by Vijay Dahiya.
2007 (Nov 13): 1 USD= 39.01953 INR or simply 1$ = ₹39.02
2007: Jyotiraditya Scindia was introduced to the Union Council of Ministers as Minister of State for Communications and Information Technology.
2007: Hat Ja Tau Paachhe Ne (Album: Naya Lifafa), a popular Haryanvi DJ Song out on YouTube. It is sung by Vikas Kumar and composed by Vijay Dahiya.
2007:[Book] Tim Ferriss's The 4-Hour Workweek
2007:[Book] Harari has published numerous books and articles, including Special Operations in the Age of Chivalry, 1100–1550 (2007); The Ultimate Experience: Battlefield Revelations and the Making of Modern War Culture, 1450–2000 (2008); The Concept of 'Decisive Battles' in World History (2010 Jan); and Armchairs, Coffee and Authority: Eye-witnesses and Flesh-witnesses Speak about War, 1100–2000.[12] He now specializes in world history and macro-historical processes.
2007:[Music] Akon performed Sorry, Blame It On Me, recorded by SRC Records, Inc., Universal Records, A Division Of UMG Recordings, Inc.
2007 (Dec 27):[Book][Psy] Professor of Psychology at University of California, Sonja Lyubomirsky's The How of Happiness: A Scientific Approach to Getting the Life You Want.
2007:[Space][Research][Earth] Some of the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere now will hang around for quite awhile, probably tens or even hundreds of thousands of years. So the effects of burning fossil fuels today will extend long beyond the next couple hundred years, possibly delaying the onset of Earth's next ice age, says researcher Toby Tyrrell of the University of Southampton in the United Kingdom.
2007:[Space][Research] Construction starts for 512sq m Murchison Widefield Array, Western Australia to setup a radio interferometer with wavelength range of 3.75, 1 m (80, 300 MHz)
2007:[NSE] Incorporated in 2007, Indian Energy Exchange Ltd provides an automated platform and infrastructure for carrying out trading in electricity units for physical delivery of electricity.
2007:[Mntngg][Extreme] Simon Yates acted a guide to two Icelandic climbers in a successful attempt to climb Ama Dablam (6,812 metres/22,349 ft) in the Khumbu region of Nepal to the south of the Mount Everest massif and a film of the expedition was made: Ama Dablam: Beyond the Void.
2007:[research][cosmos] The cosmic microwave background, sometimes referred to as the afterglow of the Big Bang, dates back over 13 billion years, to the period just after our universe formed. This makes it an incredibly rich source of information—if you can catch it, that is.
This light is extremely faint, and the variations in it are even fainter. To even have a chance of capturing it, you need a very clear sky and perfectly dry viewing conditions, both of which can be found in Antarctica.
The South Pole Telescope, run by a collaboration led by the University of Chicago, has been mapping this light since 2007. There have been several cameras installed in the telescope over the years, but the latest, known as SPT-3G, has an order of magnitude more detectors than previous versions. The data in the newest result were taken in 2019 and 2020, and represent the first two years of full-power SPT-3G observations. They cover about 1/25th of the sky, mapping it in more detail than any other measurement of this kind. The extraordinarily clear skies and stable atmosphere of Antarctica allow the South Pole Telescope to be able to catch the very faint cosmic microwave background.
2007: Tata Steel's acquisition of Corus Group in 2007 for $12.9 billion was a significant move that made them one of the world's largest steel producers. Tata acquired several prominent companies over the years. In 2008, Tata Motors purchased Jaguar and Land Rover from Ford for $2.3 billion. In 2007, Tata Steel acquired Corus Group for $12.9 billion. Additionally, in 2021, Tata Sons successfully acquired Air India.
2007: Hindalco acquired Novelis, a major player in the aluminum industry. The Aditya Birla Group has made numerous acquisitions over the years. Some notable examples include: in 2007, Hindalco acquired Novelis for $6.1 billion, in 2012, Aditya Birla Nuvo acquired Pantaloon Retail from Future Group, and in 2018, the group acquired Binani Cement. The group also expanded into the telecom sector with the acquisition of Spice Communications in 2008. 2020: Aditya Birla Group acquired Aleris, another aluminum company, for $2.8 billion. 2021: Grasim, part of the Aditya Birla Group, entered the paints business.
2007:[Cinema][Research] The Universe (2007-2015) is an American documentary television series that features computer-generated imagery and computer graphics of astronomical objects in the universe. In the years since man first ventured into space, scientific discoveries have had a dramatic impact on mankind's perception of both the universe and the human race's relationship to it. This ambitious series examines the known universe and the speculative worlds that may lie out there beyond the edge of the unknown.
2007:[Delhi] The Red Fort Complex, including the Red Fort and Salimgarh Fort, was designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2007.
2007:[SpaceX] J1407b is a substellar object, possibly a massive exoplanet or brown dwarf, known for an enormous and complex ring system discovered in 2007 when it caused a series of 56-day eclipses of its young host star, V1400 Centauri. Nicknamed "Super Saturn," its ring system is estimated to be 200 times larger than Saturn's rings, containing up to 30 rings with gaps that suggest the potential formation of exomoons. The system is located in the Scorpius-Centaurus OB association, about 434 light-years away, and is considered a unique, young, and dynamic planetary system where the rings may still be forming or dissipating.
2008: [GeoPolitics][Military][Economics] The US enters Stage 5 (currency debasement) with massive "Quantitative Easing" following the financial crisis [[13:23](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vYJri1eNRyc&t=803)].
2008 (Jan 10): DoT decides to issue 2G licences on FCFS basis, preponing cut-off date to 3:30PM to 4:30PM, Sep 25.
2008 (Jan 21):[Music] Jay Sean's Ride It from the album My Own Way.
2008 (Jan 31): Swedish prosecutors filed charges against Fredrik Neij, Gottfrid Svartholm, and Peter Sunde and Carl Lundstorm of ThePirateBay.com
2008 (Mar 21):[Music] Unforgettable, a UK Punjabi album by Imran Khan.
2008 (Jan 31): Swedish prosecutors filed charges against Fredrik Neij, Gottfrid Svartholm, and Peter Sunde and Carl Lundstorm of ThePirateBay.com
2008 (Mar 21):[Music] Unforgettable, a UK Punjabi album by Imran Khan.
2008 (9:24AM, Mon, Apr 28): a world record was set by India's Polar rocket successfully placing 10 satellites into orbit in a asingle mission.
PSLV-C9 launched with CARTOSAT-2A along with Indian Mini Satellite (IMS-1) and eight nanosatellites from abroad, from Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC) SHAR, Sriharikota. This was the thirteenth flight of PSLV and third flight with ‘core-alone’ configuration.
ISRO charged ₹6 Lakh/Nano-Satellite from Indian Students. Total Flight Time: 1151 seconds.
2008 (Apr 14/15, midnight): At a village named Bawankhedi, Hasanpur (Amroha), Shabnam, with Salim drugged'n'killed seven people of their family.
It included his father Master Shaukat, Mother Hashmi, Brother Anees and Rashid, Sister-in-Law Anjum, Nephew Arsh and Fufery Sister Rabi. Diazepam (Biopose 5mg Tablet) was the used drug. Amroha SHO R P Gupta, took over as Investigating Officer of the case on April 15. Shabnam's father taught art at Taharpur Intermediate College. Masterji was someone everyone looked up to, his eldest son Rashid was an engineer in Jalandhar, Shabham has a double MA (English and Geography) and taught at the village primary school, and Rashid was a final year B.Tech student.”. Salim was class 6th dropout. She is a Saifi Muslim, he is a Pathan. Saleem's younger brother in Saudi Arabia and his father works as a daily wager in Haryana. They frequent calls to each other between 7.30 pm on April 14 and 1.09 am the following day. “…And there was a gap of 31 minutes,” reads the High Court judgment.
2008 (Apr 19): Shabnam and Saleem, both in their 20s, were arrested. They were both sent to Moradabad jail, from where Saleem was later shifted to Agra Central Jail.
2008 (May 11): CLAT.
PSLV-C9 launched with CARTOSAT-2A along with Indian Mini Satellite (IMS-1) and eight nanosatellites from abroad, from Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC) SHAR, Sriharikota. This was the thirteenth flight of PSLV and third flight with ‘core-alone’ configuration.
ISRO charged ₹6 Lakh/Nano-Satellite from Indian Students. Total Flight Time: 1151 seconds.
2008 (Apr 14/15, midnight): At a village named Bawankhedi, Hasanpur (Amroha), Shabnam, with Salim drugged'n'killed seven people of their family.
It included his father Master Shaukat, Mother Hashmi, Brother Anees and Rashid, Sister-in-Law Anjum, Nephew Arsh and Fufery Sister Rabi. Diazepam (Biopose 5mg Tablet) was the used drug. Amroha SHO R P Gupta, took over as Investigating Officer of the case on April 15. Shabnam's father taught art at Taharpur Intermediate College. Masterji was someone everyone looked up to, his eldest son Rashid was an engineer in Jalandhar, Shabham has a double MA (English and Geography) and taught at the village primary school, and Rashid was a final year B.Tech student.”. Salim was class 6th dropout. She is a Saifi Muslim, he is a Pathan. Saleem's younger brother in Saudi Arabia and his father works as a daily wager in Haryana. They frequent calls to each other between 7.30 pm on April 14 and 1.09 am the following day. “…And there was a gap of 31 minutes,” reads the High Court judgment.
2008 (Apr 19): Shabnam and Saleem, both in their 20s, were arrested. They were both sent to Moradabad jail, from where Saleem was later shifted to Agra Central Jail.
2008 (May 11): CLAT.
2008:[Politics] While the 2008 "Cash-for-votes scandal" in India involved allegations of the UPA alliance bribing BJP MPs, exchanging cash for votes is a practice with a long, global history, often described as "political machine" tactics in the 19th century rather than originating with one specific modern party.
2008:[Politics][Corruption] The cash-for-votes scandal was an Indian political scandal allegedly masterminded by then Bharatiya Janata Party politician Sudheendra Kulkarni[1] in which the United Progressive Alliance, the majority-holding parliamentary-party alliance of India led by Sonia Gandhi, allegedly bribed Bhartiya Janta Party MPs in order to survive a confidence vote on 22 July 2008. The vote in the Lok Sabha arose after the Communist Party of India (Marxist)-led Left Front withdrew support from the government, who wanted to pursue an Indo-US nuclear deal.
2008:[Business][www] Quikr is an Indian online marketplace and classified advertising company, based in Bangalore, India. Quikr has listings in over 1000 cities in India and in categories such as mobile phones, household goods, cars, real estate, jobs, services and education. It was founded by Pranay Chulet and Jiby Thomas in 2008.
2008: Beta version of Google Chrome for MS Windows was released.
2008 (Jul 22): Lok Sabha vote of confidence. the existing Govt. (of UPA) won.
2008 (Sep 5): A Wednesday directed by Neeraj Pandey was released costing 50 million INR.
2008 (Nov 5):[Book] William B. Irvine's A Guide to the Good Life: The Ancient Art of Stoic Joy
2008 (Jul 22): Lok Sabha vote of confidence. the existing Govt. (of UPA) won.
2008 (Sep 5): A Wednesday directed by Neeraj Pandey was released costing 50 million INR.
2008 (Nov 5):[Book] William B. Irvine's A Guide to the Good Life: The Ancient Art of Stoic Joy
2008: Hello Kaun? Pehchaan Kaun! (English: Hello, who is it? You guess!) is a mimic show where the contestants mimic a famous celebrity. The show aired on STAR One on Saturdays at 9pm from December 27, 2008 to April 5, 2009.
2008 (15:30IST. Sep 25): Swan Telecom, Unitech and Tata Teleservices bid in 2G spectrum bidding.
2008 (9:40PM IST, Wed, Nov 26): 26/11. The 2008 Mumbai (Bombay) attacks were a series of attacks that took place in November 2008, when 10 members of Lashkar-e-Taiba, an Islamic militant organisation based in Pakistan, carried out a series of 12 coordinated shooting and bombing attacks lasting four days across Mumbai, killing 164 people and wounding at least 308.
2008 (Dec): Shabnam gave birth to their son, Taj.
2008: Indo-Pak Standoff
2008: the customer base of mobile phone companies was 350 million.
2008: employees of the Utah state government all began working ten-hour days from Monday to Thursday to save on operating costs such as electricity, heat, air conditioning, and gasoline for state-owned vehicles. Introduced 4/10 work week," where employees work a normal 40 hours across four days, i.e. a "four-ten" week.
2008 (15:30IST. Sep 25): Swan Telecom, Unitech and Tata Teleservices bid in 2G spectrum bidding.
2008 (9:40PM IST, Wed, Nov 26): 26/11. The 2008 Mumbai (Bombay) attacks were a series of attacks that took place in November 2008, when 10 members of Lashkar-e-Taiba, an Islamic militant organisation based in Pakistan, carried out a series of 12 coordinated shooting and bombing attacks lasting four days across Mumbai, killing 164 people and wounding at least 308.
2008 (Dec): Shabnam gave birth to their son, Taj.
2008: Indo-Pak Standoff
2008: the customer base of mobile phone companies was 350 million.
2008: employees of the Utah state government all began working ten-hour days from Monday to Thursday to save on operating costs such as electricity, heat, air conditioning, and gasoline for state-owned vehicles. Introduced 4/10 work week," where employees work a normal 40 hours across four days, i.e. a "four-ten" week.
2008 (Dec 31): [GoI] The National Investigation Agency (NIA) is the primary counter-terrorist task force of India. The agency is empowered to deal with the investigation of terror related crimes across states without special permission from the states under written proclamation from the Ministry of Home Affairs. The Agency came into existence with the enactment of the National Investigation Agency Act 2008 by the Parliament of India on 31 December 2008, which was passed after the deadly 26/11 terror attack in Mumbai
2008:[Music] Taylor Swift's Love Story by Big Machine Records, LLC.
2008:[Book] Nudge: Improving Decisions about Health, Wealth, and Happiness is a book written by University of Chicago economist and Nobel Laureate Richard Thaler and Harvard Law School Professor Cass R. Sunstein. Misbehaving: The Making of Behavioral Economics (2015, May 7)
2008 (Feb):[Book] Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our Decisions
2008:[Cinema] Governor Sarah Palin of Alaska becomes Senator John McCain's running mate in the 2008 Presidential election. - Game Change (2012 TV Movie)
2008:[Management][Business][Research][Book] Nudge: Improving Decisions about Health, Wealth, and Happiness is a book written by University of Chicago economist and Nobel Laureate Richard H. Thaler and Harvard Law School Professor Cass R. Sunstein. Implemented by Zomato in Aug 2021 to save 1.2M kgs plastic in a year, and in by FSSAI in 2018 to include calories alongside menu items on each restaurant's menu.
2008:[Space][Research][India] 28th Indian Antarctic Expedition.
2008:[Computing][Quantum] D-Wave Systems (28 qubits).
2008:[Business][Food] Maggi's Indian branch launched two flavors for a new "Cuppa Mania" product line, named "Masala Yo" and "Chilli Chow Yo". Moods Hospitality, which owns the "Yo! China" Chinese restaurant chain, sued Nestle for copyright infringement; Moods Hospitality initially won but Nestle appealed and was found to be not infringing in 2010, on the basis that the products were not similar enough for consumers to be confused.
2008:[www][Culture] Dream11 is an Indian fantasy sports platform that allows users to play fantasy cricket, hockey, football, kabaddi, handball, basketball, volleyball, rugby, futsal, American football and baseball. In April 2019, Dream11 became the first Indian fantasy sport company to become a unicorn.
2008:[Mntngg][Extreme] After attempting but failing to summit Meru in 2008, Anker, Chin, and Ozturk return in 2011 (after 2Y) to the mountain to conquer its peak – a 4,000 foot wall known as the "Shark's Fin".
2008:[Physics] low-frequency radio astronomy - The Low-frequency Radio Universe: An Event Commemorating the Birth Centenary of Dr. Homi J. Bhabha : Proceedings of a Conference Held at National Centre for Radio Astrophysics (NCRA), TIFR, Pune, India, 8-12 December 2008
2008:The 1 Hotels brand has existed for a decade, but its concept stretches back further than that, with roots in the Pacific Northwest. Back in 2008, Starwood Hotels & Resorts founder Barry Sternlicht wanted to build the first 1 Hotels property in Seattle.
2008:Mukesh Ambani's Reliance Industries has made several significant acquisitions. In 2008, they purchased the Mumbai Indians cricket team for $111.9 million, according to Times Now.
2008:[Cinema][Research] Journey to the Edge of the Universe - A tour of the cosmos, from Earth's surface to the outermost reaches of the universe. It is a documentary film broadcast on National Geographic and the Discovery Channel.
2008:[Cinema][Research] Einstein and Eddington - Brilliant physicist Albert Einstein forges a partnership with British scientist Sir Arthur Eddington at great personal risk and changes the course of modern science forever. (watched in 2025 H2)
2008:[SpaceX] 2008 TC₃ was an 80-tonne, 4.1-meter diameter asteroid that entered Earth's atmosphere on October 7, 2008. It exploded at an estimated 37 kilometers above the Nubian Desert in Sudan. Wikipedia Mass: 80,000 kg Orbital period: 547 days Discoverer: Richard Kowalski Discovered: 6 October 2008 Asteroid group: Apollo asteroid Absolute magnitude (H): 30.4 Minor planet category: NEO; Apollo
2008:[SpaceX] 2008 TC₃ was an 80-tonne, 4.1-meter diameter asteroid that entered Earth's atmosphere on October 7, 2008. It exploded at an estimated 37 kilometers above the Nubian Desert in Sudan. Wikipedia Mass: 80,000 kg Orbital period: 547 days Discoverer: Richard Kowalski Discovered: 6 October 2008 Asteroid group: Apollo asteroid Absolute magnitude (H): 30.4 Minor planet category: NEO; Apollo
2008:[SpaceX] PDS 110 b is a hypothesized gas giant exoplanet orbiting the young star PDS 110, approximately 1,130 light-years from Earth. It is proposed to be surrounded by a massive ring system, larger than Saturn's, which caused significant, multi-week eclipses of its star in 2008 and 2011. While its existence and characteristics are still being studied through numerical simulations, PDS 110 b could be a planet in the process of formation, or it could be a gas giant with its own mini-moons.
2008:[Who][Research][Computing][Tech][Culture] PDF was invented by Dr. John Warnock, co-founder of Adobe Systems, in the early 1990s. Initially, the format was proprietary to Adobe before being released as an open standard (ISO 32000-1:2008) in 2008.
2008:[Jack] played Road Rash around 2008-09 for first time.
2008:Delhi: The original iconic Appu Ghar in Delhi (near Pragati Maidan) closed in 2008, after 24 years of estd.in 1984
2009:[GeoPolitics][Business] Lithuania was granted observer status to TRACECA.
2009:[Research][Space] The most distant astronomical object identified is a galaxy classified as MoM-z14, at a redshift of 14.44. In 2009, a gamma ray burst, GRB 090423, was found to have a redshift of 8.2, which indicates that the collapsing star that caused it exploded when the universe was only 630 million years old. The burst happened approximately 13 billion years ago, so a distance of about 13 billion light-years was widely quoted in the media, or sometimes a more precise figure of 13.035 billion light-years. (JWST)
2009:[Business][GeoPolitics] BRICS is an intergovernmental organization comprising ten countries – Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa, Egypt, Ethiopia, Indonesia, Iran and the United Arab Emirates. The idea of a BRICS-like group can be traced back to Russian foreign minister Yevgeny Primakov and to the two forums RIC (Russia, India, China) and IBSA (India, Brazil, South Africa). BRIC was originally a term coined by British economist Jim O'Neill and later championed by his employer Goldman Sachs in 2001 to designate the group of emerging markets. The first summit in 2009 featured the founding countries of Brazil, Russia, India, and China, where they adopted the acronym BRIC and formed an informal diplomatic club where their governments could meet annually at formal summits and coordinate multilateral policies. In April 2010, South Africa attended the 2nd BRIC summit as a guest. In September 2010 they joined the organization which was then renamed BRICS, and attended the 3rd BRICS summit in 2011 as a full member. Iran, Egypt, Ethiopia, and the United Arab Emirates attended their first summit as member states in 2024 in Russia. Indonesia officially joined as a member state in early 2025, becoming the first Southeast Asian member. The acronym BRICS+ (in its expanded form BRICS Plus) has been informally used to reflect new membership since 2024.
2009:[Business][GeoPolitics] The International Renewable Energy Agency is an intergovernmental organization mandated to facilitate cooperation, advance knowledge, and promote the adoption and sustainable use of renewable energy. Headquarters: Masdar City, United Arab Emirates Founded: 26 January 2009 Director-General: Francesco La Camera Legal status: Treaty organization Main organ: Assembly Membership: 168 states and the European Union (2024) Purpose: Promotion of renewable energy
2009:[Research][Space] 7 April 2009: Stephen Hawking endorses panspermia.
2009 (Jan 15): 15 new Central Universities have been established by an ordinance promulgated by President of India.2009 (Jan 28): UIDAI launched Aadhar, a 12-digit ID code for every Indian citizen. enough for 61917364224 people. or 62 Billion people.
2009 (Feb 16): First of the 9 day trial of ThePirateBay.com.
2009 (Feb 24):[Music] Somali-Canadian artist K'naan Wavin' Flag, a song from his second studio album Troubadour. The song was originally written for Somalia and aspirations of its people for freedom.
2009 (Mar): outbreak of H1N1 virus in the US and Mexico.
2009 (Mar): Uber
2009 (Mar): Uber
2009: (Mar 5): Govt. announced a contest to create a symbol for the Rupee. Over 3,000 entries received. 5 selected by Dy. Gov of RBI.
2009 (Apr 17): ThePirateBay guys were convicted by Stockholm district court and sentenced to 1 year jail and a total of $3.5M as fine and damage recovery.
2009 (Apr 20): Anonymous mobilized 'Operation Baylout' and DDoS aatacked the IFPI Int'l site.
2009 (May 1): Before 2009, CAT was a paper based test conducted on a single day for all candidates. The pattern, number of questions and duration have seen considerable variations over the years.
2009 (May): Telecom Watchdog complains to the CVC on the illegalities in the 2G spectrum allocation to Loop Telecom.
2009 (May 13): 1st case of the swine flu in India was reported at H'bad airport. Flu Pandemic in India started. Outbreak of Swine flu and H1N1.
2009 (Apr 17): ThePirateBay guys were convicted by Stockholm district court and sentenced to 1 year jail and a total of $3.5M as fine and damage recovery.
2009 (Apr 20): Anonymous mobilized 'Operation Baylout' and DDoS aatacked the IFPI Int'l site.
2009 (May 1): Before 2009, CAT was a paper based test conducted on a single day for all candidates. The pattern, number of questions and duration have seen considerable variations over the years.
2009 (May): Telecom Watchdog complains to the CVC on the illegalities in the 2G spectrum allocation to Loop Telecom.
2009 (May 13): 1st case of the swine flu in India was reported at H'bad airport. Flu Pandemic in India started. Outbreak of Swine flu and H1N1.
2009 (May 14 13:12:02 UTC):[Space] Planck is a European Space Agency space-based observatory observing the Universe at wavelengths between 0.3 mm and 11.1 mm (corresponding to frequencies between 27 GHz and 1 THz), broadly covering the far-infrared, microwave, and high frequency radio domains. The mission's main goal is to study the cosmic microwave background – the relic radiation left over from the Big Bang – across the whole sky at greater sensitivity and resolution than ever before. Planck is therefore like a time machine, giving astronomers insight into the evolution since the birth of our Universe, nearly 14 billion years ago.
2009 (May 24): 10,000 cases of swine flu have been confirmed with 1035 death. Tamiflu (or Oseltamvir, Natflu or Starflu) is the drug that cures swine flu.
2009: Aadhaar, the world's largest national identification number project was launched. The Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI) is a central government agency of India. Its objective is to collect the biometric and demographic data of residents, store them in a centralised database, and issue a 12-digit unique identity number called Aadhaar to each resident.
2009: Jyotiraditya Scindia became Minister of State for Commerce and Industry. Later, he became Minister of State (Independent Charge) for Power in Nov 2012.
2009 (May 24): 10,000 cases of swine flu have been confirmed with 1035 death. Tamiflu (or Oseltamvir, Natflu or Starflu) is the drug that cures swine flu.
2009: Aadhaar, the world's largest national identification number project was launched. The Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI) is a central government agency of India. Its objective is to collect the biometric and demographic data of residents, store them in a centralised database, and issue a 12-digit unique identity number called Aadhaar to each resident.
2009: Jyotiraditya Scindia became Minister of State for Commerce and Industry. Later, he became Minister of State (Independent Charge) for Power in Nov 2012.
2009 (Sep 8):[Book] 50 Cent & Robert Greene's The 50th Law
2009 (Oct 3): The Organization of Turkic States, formerly called the Turkic Council or the Cooperation Council of Turkic Speaking States, is an international organization comprising prominent independent Turkic countries consisting of Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkey and Uzbekistan. It is an intergovernmental organization whose overarching aim is promoting comprehensive cooperation among Turkic-speaking states. First proposed by Kazakh President Nursultan Nazarbayev in 2006, it was founded on October 3, 2009, in Nakhchivan
2009 (Oct 27): Mukesh Harane, aged 24, caught cancer through chewing gutkha for a year, couldn't
be saved. His cancer was under operation by Dr. Prashant Pawar at Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai.
be saved. His cancer was under operation by Dr. Prashant Pawar at Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai.
2009 (Dec): the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) Earth-orbiting satellite—NASA infrared-wavelength 40 cm (16 in) space telescope mission started and would last till February 2011. This would capture discovery images of Luhman 16 (WISE 1049−5319, WISE J104915.57−531906.1) between January 2010 to January 2011, and the discovery was announced in 2013 (the pair are the only two objects announced in the discovery paper).
2009 (Nov 23):[Music] Jay Sean's Down ft. Lil Wayne in album All or Nothing.
2009:[Music] Owl City's Fireflies recorded by Universal Republic Records, a division of UMG Recordings, Inc.
2009 (Mar 19):[Book][Sports][Management] American college basketball coach, Mike Krzyzewski's The Gold Standard: Building a World-Class Team.
2009 (Oct):[Food][Culture][Cinema][Business] Gutka Mukesh or Mukesh Harane, the face of India's fight against oral cancer, died in October 2009.
2009:[Cinema] The true story of Captain Richard Phillips and the 2009 hijacking by Somali pirates of the U.S.-flagged MV Maersk Alabama, the first American cargo ship to be hijacked in two hundred years. - Captain Phillips (2013)
2009:[Space] Finally, ESA's Planck was launched in 2009 to study the CMB in even greater detail than ever before. It covers a wider frequency range in more bands and at higher sensitivity than WMAP, making it possible to make a much more accurate separation of all of the components of the submillimetre and microwave wavelength sky, including many foreground sources such as the emission from our own Milky Way Galaxy. This thorough picture thus reveals the CMB and its tiny fluctuations in much greater detail and precision than previously achieved. The aim of Planck is to use this greater sensitivity to prove the standard model of cosmology beyond doubt or, more enticingly, to search for deviations from the model which might reflect new physics beyond it.
2009:[Computing][Quantum] Google entered the quantum computing arena, when it partnered with D-Wave Systems, a Canadian company that claims to have built the world's first commercial quantum computer.
2009:[Business][Food] 2009IPL ft. Vodafone ZooZoos are white creatures with ballooned bodies and egg heads who are used to promote various value added services of Vodafone. These characters are played by human actors in body suits. The ads were created by Ogilvy & Mather, the agency handling Vodafone advertisements.
2009: Jay Shah started his career in cricket administration by becoming executive member of Ahmedabad Cricket Board, then Secretary of Gujarat Cricket Association in next four years (2013)
2009:[extreme][Cinema] In 2009, Captain Sullenberger landed an Airbus A320 in the Hudson river after the plane went down after a large flock of Canada geese knocked out both its engines shortly after take off. All 150 passengers and five crew members were rescued from the ice waters.
2009:[Cinema][Research] Animal Planet's River Monsters The host, a biologist who is an extreme angler, explores freshwater mysteries and local folklore, to debunk fascinating myths and track down harrowing tales.
2009:[SpaceX] The main source of information about the luminosity fluctuations of Tabby's Star is the Kepler space telescope. During its primary and extended mission from 2009 to 2013 it continuously monitored the light curves of over 100,000 stars in a patch of sky in the constellations Cygnus and Lyra. Tabby's Star, also known as KIC 8462852 or Boyajian's Star, is an intriguing celestial object notable for its unusual and unpredictable dips in brightness. These dips, some quite dramatic (up to 22%), have baffled astronomers and sparked various theories, including the controversial idea of an alien megastructure. While the megastructure hypothesis remains speculative, more conventional explanations, like dust clouds or ringed planets, are gaining traction.
2009:[Delhi] Real estate developers began building projects in the Raj Nagar Extension area.
2009: Sarah Ferguson, Andrew Mountbatten-Windsor's ex-wife, who is invariably known as Fergie, appears to also be mentioned in multiple emails, including when Epstein was still under house arrest. In another email exchange from April 2009 there is a request to meet Epstein for a "quick cup of tea", that includes the lines: "My dear spectacular and special friend Jeffrey. You are a legend, and I am so proud of you."
2009: In 2009, one year after Epstein pleaded guilty to soliciting prostitution from a minor, da Silva sent an email requesting "anything you can help me with". Epstein replied: "I will wire your loan amount immediately". A separate email exchange appears to show Epstein arranging a place for Mandelson to stay at one of his New York apartments, with Epstein writing, "thrilled to host and sad I'm not there". Response: Lord Mandelson has said he will step down from the House of Lords. On Sunday, Mandelson reiterated his regret for "ever having known Epstein" and for continuing his association following Epstein's conviction. He has told the BBC he "was never culpable or complicit in (Epstein's) crimes. Like everyone else I learned the actual truth about him after his death". He has not responded to the allegations of leaking documents, but BBC understands that he maintains he did not act criminally and did not act for personal gain. He argues that he sought Epstein's expertise in the national interest during the 2008 global financial crisis.
2009:[www] For full details on ICANN's policies, you can review the Registrant Benefits & Responsibilities Under the 2009 RAA.
2009:[disaster] On March 17, 2009, Lee and Ling were apprehended by North Korean soldiers, allegedly crossing the Tumen River into North Korea for less than a minute before attempting to return to China. They were filming a documentary on defectors. Accused of illegal entry and "hostile acts," they were sentenced to 12 years of hard labor before being freed in August 2009 (140 days). Former President Bill Clinton flew to Pyongyang in August 2009 to secure their release, a move officially described as a private, humanitarian mission. This incident occurred during a tense period in U.S.-North Korea relations, with North Korea frequently using detained Americans to leverage diplomatic concessions.
2009:[silvics] Due to his continuous efforts, on 18 Jul 2009, the Sindh Forest Department, Govt. of Sindh, Pakistan, Tahir Qureshi with the help of 300 local coastal volunteer planters set the Guinness World Record by planting 541,176 mangrove saplings at Kharo Chan, Thatta, Sindh, Pakistan in a little over 12 hours. This is the highest number of saplings planted within a day under the Guinness World Record category of "Maximum Number of Trees Planted in a Day". The previous record was held by India which had planted 447,874 saplings in the same period. Pakistan surpassed the tally by planting 5,41,176 propagates of mangroves in the mudflats off Khedewari.
2009:[silvics] Jul 15 - July 15 saw a flurry of activity in the coastal town of Keti Bunder which wore a festive look …. all geared up to greet the many visitors and media persons who had descended on this usually quiet coastal town to witness Pakistan’s attempt at entering the Guinness World Record. Sindh Forest Department was entrusted with the responsibility of the event, and had arranged for the propagates of mangroves species, Rhizofora Mucronata. The species and site selection was done in consultation with IUCN’s Coastal ecosystem expert, Tahir Qureshi, who has earned a name for himself as the ‘father of mangroves’ due to the pioneering nature of his work in this field. Coupled with the weather and tidal data provided by the IUCN team, all arrangements were finalized for the big day, July 15, which had been designated by the Ministry of Environment as the day for the attempt at entering the Guinness World Record. The parameters within which the entire exercise had to be carried out stated that it had to be conducted within daylight hours and no artificial lighting could be used. The planting had to be done by a team of not more than 300 persons. The Sindh Forest Department had been preparing for the event, and had trained the workforce belonging to the local community. The exercise started at 7 am, under the vigilant gaze of two independent witnesses, Ms. Marvi Memon, member National Assembly and Chairperson of the Senate Standing Committee on Environment, who had made a 2 am dash from Karachi to be on site well before day break, and Tahir Qureshi, Coastal Ecosystems Expert of IUCN, who had gone there the night before to be able to see the start of the proceedings. The 300 workers were divided into teams of 15 each, and supervised by an official of the Sindh Forest Department. Federal Minister for Environment, Hameedullah Jan Afridi, Sindh Minister for Environment Askari Taqvi,and Sindh Minister for Population Welfare, Jam Mahtab Hussain Dahar, who belongs to the area, were present throughout the activity. The enthusiasm of the workers allowed them to go past the existing Indian record just past mid-day, but this could not be considered official unless so declared by the Guinness World Records adjudicator, Aadil Ahmed, who had specially flown in from England for this purpose. After examining the site where the saplings had been planted, and verifying the documentation process, just before sunset, he made the announcement, amidst loud cheer and thunderous applause, … that Pakistan was now the record holder for the most number of trees planted in a single day….something that will go a long way in raising awareness about the importance of mangroves to the coastal ecosystem. The Ministry of Environment has set in place a system whereby for the next three years, the community will be involved in looking after the plants, with the help of the Sindh Forest department.
[Generation] Gen Alpha (2010–2024) starts; and exists for next 14 years.
2010:[Research][Space] Schmitt-Kopplin P, Gabelica Z, Gougeon R, Fekete A, Kanawati B, Harir M, et al. High molecular diversity of extraterrestrial organic matter in Murchison meteorite revealed 40 years after its fall. Proc Nati Acad Sci U S A. 2010;107(8):2763–8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0913003107 [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
2010:[Business] 2010: Execution times continued to shrink, from milliseconds to reaching microseconds. (HFT)
2010: 5G or Fifth Generation of Computer starts (Artificial Intelligence).
2010: Wireless Communications by TL Singal (1st Ed) launched.
2010: Vijay Shekhar Sharma, founded Paytm. It is an Indian electronic payment and e-commerce brand based out of Delhi NCR, India. Launched in August 2010, it is a consumer brand of parent company One97 Communications. The name is an acronym for "Payment Through Mobile."
2010: Bhavish Aggarwal and Ankit Bhati founded ANI Technologies Pvt. Ltd. It is operating under the trade name Ola, is an Indian online transportation network company. It was founded as an online cab aggregator in Mumbai, but is now based in Bangalore.
2010: Gru
2010 (Jan 13): RTI activists Satish Shetty was murdered in Pune for exposing land grab.
2010 (10:57 UTC, Apr 15): GSAT-4 was launched on the maiden flight of the GSLV Mk.II rocket. mission failed.
2010: Wireless Communications by TL Singal (1st Ed) launched.
2010: Vijay Shekhar Sharma, founded Paytm. It is an Indian electronic payment and e-commerce brand based out of Delhi NCR, India. Launched in August 2010, it is a consumer brand of parent company One97 Communications. The name is an acronym for "Payment Through Mobile."
2010: Bhavish Aggarwal and Ankit Bhati founded ANI Technologies Pvt. Ltd. It is operating under the trade name Ola, is an Indian online transportation network company. It was founded as an online cab aggregator in Mumbai, but is now based in Bangalore.
2010: Gru
2010 (Jan 13): RTI activists Satish Shetty was murdered in Pune for exposing land grab.
2010 (10:57 UTC, Apr 15): GSAT-4 was launched on the maiden flight of the GSLV Mk.II rocket. mission failed.
2010 (Mar):[GoI] In March 2010, the Cabinet Committee on Infrastructure (CCI) approved the establishment of the National Knowledge Network (NKN) at an outlay of Rs 5990 Crore, to be implemented by NIC over a period of 10 years. Establishing NKN is a significant step towards ushering in a knowledge revolution in the country with connectivity to 1500+ institutions. NKN is intended to connect all the knowledge and research institutions in the country using high bandwidth / low latency network. NKN has been established keeping the following features in mind:
Establishing a high-speed backbone connectivity which will enable knowledge and information sharing; Enabling collaborative research, development and Innovation; Facilitating advanced distance education in specialized fields such as engineering, science, medicine etc; Facilitating an ultra-high speed backbone for e-Governance; Facilitating integration of different sectoral networks in the field of research, education, health, commerce and governance.
Link to Global Networks to collaborate with the research communities across the globe.
2010 (Mar 28):[Music][Sports] WWE WrestleMania XXVI Official Theme Song "I Made It (Cash Money Heroes)" by Kevin Rudolf. The event happened at State Farm Stadium, a multi-purpose stadium in Glendale, Arizona, United States.
2010 (Apr 1): House listing and National Population Registration phase began in India for its 15th Census.
2010 (Apr 6):[Business][China] Xiaomi was founded in 2010 in Beijing by now multi-billionaire Lei Jun when he was 40 years old, along with six senior associates. Lei had founded Kingsoft as well as Joyo.com, which he sold to Amazon for $75 million in 2004. In August 2011, Xiaomi released its first smartphone and, by 2014, it had the largest market share of smartphones sold in China.
2010 (May 5): In 2010, Discovery Channel continued to offer a mix of popular science, technology, and history programming, alongside a growing presence of reality television shows. Some notable series included "How the Universe Works" and "Through the Wormhole". Additionally, Discovery Channel also launched a new HD feed for the Indian subcontinent on March 5, 2010. Discovery for the Indian subcontinent. Launched on 5 March 2010. The channel runs time shift to main channel. It is available in eight languages including Hindi, English, Telugu, Malayalam, Kannada, Bengali and Marathi while the Tamil language has a separate dedicated channel Discovery Tamil.
2010 (May 15): Amroha Sessions Court's Ashok Kumar Pathak awarded death sentence to Shabnam-Salim. 10 days later, on May 25, the apex court dramatically stayed the death warrants.
2010 (Jun): Quora founded by 2 ex-Facebook employees.
2010 (Jun): Quora founded by 2 ex-Facebook employees.
2010 (Jun 11):[Music][Sports] Shakira - Waka Waka (This Time for Africa), is the official 19th FIFA World Cup™ Song. FIFA took place in South Africa from 11 June to 11 July 2010.
2010 (Jul 15): Just like other leading currencies, Indian rupee got its symbol '₹', designed by D. Udaya Kr. (a PG of IITB)
2010 (Aug 8): 2000 deaths from swine flu in India.
2010 (Oct 18): India's 1st indigenously developed cell culture H1N1 Swine Flu Vaccinne under brand name HNVAC.
2010 (Nov 16):[Book][Medicine] Siddhartha Mukherjee's The Emperor of All Maladies: A Biography of Cancer
2010 (Aug 8): 2000 deaths from swine flu in India.
2010 (Oct 18): India's 1st indigenously developed cell culture H1N1 Swine Flu Vaccinne under brand name HNVAC.
2010 (Nov 16):[Book][Medicine] Siddhartha Mukherjee's The Emperor of All Maladies: A Biography of Cancer
2010: a total of 36,182 patents filed in India. 7,044 were domestic applications rest were foreign. Of these 7,044 only 1,725 applications were granted patents.
2010: there were 54 lakhs foreign-born people living in India (acc. to Population Division of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs.)
2010: Fiserv had 19,000 employees worldwide, with 16,000 clients in 106 countries, according to a company spokeswoman. Revenue totaled $4.1 billion in 2010.
2010: housing loa scam in India2010: Fiserv had 19,000 employees worldwide, with 16,000 clients in 106 countries, according to a company spokeswoman. Revenue totaled $4.1 billion in 2010.
2010: Onion crisis in India.
2010 (Aug 15): freecharge
2010: Commonwealth Games Scam [70k Crores]
2010: The 2010s were a decade of phenomenal innovation, led largely by the transition to mobile and the rise of data, which accelerated the growth of AI, e-commerce, social media, and biotechnology.
2010:[Music] Eminem's Love The Way You Lie ft. Rihanna.
2010:[Music] Michael Jackson Duet with Akon performing Hold My Hand, recorded by Optimum Productions.
2010:[Culture][Mythology] Mount Ararat, located in the area of Turkey bordering Armenia and Iran. National Geographic went for the title: 'Noah's Ark founds in Turkey?' This mountain is almost always mentioned as the place where Noah landed after the flood.
2010:[Computer] POWER7 is a family of superscalar multi-core microprocessors based on the Power ISA 2.06 instruction set architecture released in 2010. IBM i 7.4 TR6 (or IBM i 7.5) isn't supported on IBM Blade, PureFlex or servers with Power7 processors. Power8, Power9, or Power10 processors supports the latest release 7.5 (May 2022).
2010:[Music] Madno by Chinmayi Sripaada and Kshitij Tarey ft. bollywood movie, Lamhaa.
2010:[Business][Marketing][Food] Alpenliebe's ad featuring Kajol. Alpenliebe had used the concept of role reversal between human beings and monkeys, to give to give a new spin to the brand positioning of 'irresistibility'. The 50-second commercial was created by McCann Erickson and produced by Ram Madhwani of Equinox.
2010:[Case] In 2010, Sun TV telecast video recordings that claimed to show Nithyananda and an actress Ranjitha (who was one of his followers) in a bedroom. The story became viral among news media in Tamil Nadu.
2010:[Env] • Aim: To learn advance mountaineering techniques and summit Gangotri -3 (6557 M).. But due to bad weather, location was changed to Rudragaira peak. 5819 M. Summited Rudragaira peak; Coordinates: 30°55'56"N - 78°49'57"E.- 19091 ft. This is on record – First all women ascent to Rudragaira peak on 17th June 2010. Day 15 – 17th June 2010…3.30am – Had porridge; quickly got ready for the D day! – The Summit day!.. The Summit of Rudragaira peak..5819 M; First group left at 4. They opened the route. We, the second group left half hour later; quite windy; temp sub zero; 2 to 5 feet of snow; 7 layered clothing – 3 T shirts, 1 sweater; 1 light jacket; 1 feather jacket; 1 wind proof jacket and trouser; gaiters, snow boots were on; helmet + all technical gears including ice axe and rope, which are the life line of a mountaineer and of course packed breakfast; one litre of electrol…
2010:[Realty] The "builder's boom" in India's real estate and construction sector can be broadly categorized into phases marked by significant economic and policy shifts. The early 2000s saw nascent growth, followed by a boom fueled by the IT sector from 2005-2010. This period was characterized by rapid urban expansion and increased demand for commercial spaces. The mid-2010s brought a focus on meeting the needs of a rising middle class and the implementation of RERA in 2016. More recently, technology integration and resilience amid the pandemic have shaped the sector.
2010:[Cinema][Research] How the Universe Works - The Universe is a magnetic minefield. The Sun creates flares capable of battering life on Earth. But space also contains other dangerous megaflares.
2010:[Cinema][Research] Morgan Freeman's Through The Wormhole. 8 Seasons (2010-2017)
2010:[Cinema][Research] Discovery Channel's Into the Universe With Stephen Hawking. 3 Episodes. Renowned physicist Stephen Hawking brings his vision of the universe to the screen for the first time, combining cutting-edge effects, digitally enhanced NASA footage and live action to delve into such topics as how the universe began, whether life exists on other planets, and whether our galaxy has a life expectancy. The professor also theorizes what the Big Bang can tell us about the eventual end of the universe.
2010:[Env][Disaster] The 2010 Ladakh floods occurred on 6 August 2010 across a large part of Ladakh, then part of the state of Jammu and Kashmir. 71 towns and villages were damaged, including the main town in the area, Leh.[1][2] At least 255 people are reported to have died,[1][4] six of whom were foreign tourists,[1][5] after a cloudburst and heavy overnight rains triggered flash floods, mudflows, and debris flows.[2][6] 200 people were reported missing in the initial aftermath of the storm,[4][5][7] and thousands more were rendered homeless after the flooding caused extensive damage to property and infrastructure.[8] Overall, 9,000 people were directly affected by the event.
The flash floods happened after a night of heavy downpour. The cloudburst itself occurred between 0000 and 0030 hours IST on 6 August 2010, leading to flash flooding, debris flows, and mudflows over the region. The rainfall distribution was highly spatially variable. The most intense part of the storm was focused in a 6-kilometre (3.7 mi)-wide band parallel to, and a few kilometers from, the river Indus. This band was centred over most of the major settlements in the area, including Leh.
2010:[SpaceX] KOI-3617 was not officially discovered, but was rather a Kepler mission (KOI) candidate that turned out to be a dim star in an eclipsing binary, leading to the term "disproven planet". The Kepler Space Telescope collected data on this system, which was then analyzed. While a specific discovery date for KOI-3617 itself is not available, the initial analysis of the data by the Kepler mission took place around 2009-2010. KIC 10735564 is a designation for the KOI-3617 star, and KIC 10735564 b was initially thought to be an exoplanet, but this was later found to be a misinterpretation of data from the Kepler Space Telescope due to it being a dim star in an eclipsing binary system. The object initially thought to be the massive planet is actually the star KOI-3617 B, a dim M6V type star that is part of a binary pair.
2010:[military][art][music] Indian Navy Music Band - Parda Parda Haan Apno Se Kaisa Parda ; Singer: Sunidhi Chauhan ; Movie: Once Upon A Time In Mumbaai (2010) ; Actor: Ajay Devgan, Emraan Hashmi
2010:[military] The Manekshaw Centre is a modern multi-utility state-of-the-art building constructed in 2010. Built at a cost of $14.5 million and spread over 25 acres, the Centre was inaugurated by Mrs Pratibha Patil, Hon'ble President of India on 21st October 2010. Built in the memory of Field Marshal SHFJ Manekshaw, it is situated on the left side of the main road (NH8) from International Airport-Dhaula Kuan (Approx. distance from Airport-9 kms; from Hotel ITC Maurya 5 kms). The Convention Centre is designed to hold conferences, seminars, exhibitions, stage performances, investiture ceremonies and banquets.
2011:[US][GeoPolitics] involvement in the Libyan Civil War. (US's involvement in regime change)
2011:[GeoPolitics][Business] The Ashgabat Agreement was originally signed by Iran, Oman, Qatar, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan on April 25, 2011. Qatar subsequently withdrew from the agreement in 2013, the same year Kazakhstan applied for membership, which was eventually approved in 2015. Pakistan has also joined the Agreement from November 2016. India formally joined in February 2018. As of 2025, Armenia intends to join the agreement.
2011:[Research][Space] In 2011, a large quasar group was discovered, U1.11, measuring about 2.5 billion light-years across.
2011:[Research][Space] The finding comes from Morag Scrimgeour at the International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research (ICRAR) at the University of Western Australia in Perth and her colleagues. Using the Anglo-Australian Telescope, the researchers pinpointed the locations of 200,000 galaxies filling a cubic volume 3 billion light-years on a side. The survey, called the WiggleZ Dark Energy Survey, probed the structure of the universe at larger scales than any survey before it.
2011:[Research][Psychology] Daniel Kahneman described two distinct "selves" that process experiences: the experiencing self, which lives in the present moment and feels pleasure and pain as it happens, and the remembering self, which reflects on past events and dictates future choices based on stored memories. The remembering self often prioritizes the peak and end of an experience, rather than its total duration, influencing decisions and judgments in ways that can differ from the actual lived experience. Daniel Kahneman introduced the concepts of the "experiencing self" and the "remembering self" in his 2011 book, Thinking, Fast and Slow, but his foundational work on this distinction in psychology was first published in the 2005 paper "Experiences: Our Past, Present, and Future" by Kahneman and Riis. The experiencing self lives in the moment, but the remembering self looks back and forms narratives about our experiences.
2011:[UK] Kate Middleton marries William, Prince of Wales. Catherine, Princess of Wales (born Catherine Elizabeth Middleton; 9 January 1982), is a member of the British royal family. She is married to William, Prince of Wales, heir apparent to the British throne.
2011 (Jan 15): About 1300km off the coast of Somalia, Somalian pirates hijacked the South Korean MV Samho Jewelry with 21 crew members, on her way from UAE to Sri Lanka; demand of huge ransom from the crew; South Korean gov now learned from the Samho Dream case, decided to launch a Blitz-type assualt on Jan 21 and free the ship with all crew members alive and uninjured. Lee Myung-bak (/ˌmjʌŋ ˈbɑːk/; Korean: 이명박; [i.mjʌŋ.bak̚]; born 19 December 1941), often referred to by his initials MB, is a South Korean businessman and politician who served as the tenth president of South Korea from 2008 to 2013. Before his presidency, he was the CEO of Hyundai Engineering & Construction, and the mayor of Seoul from 2002 to 2006.
2011 (Feb 3rd): IPv4 suffered exhaustion.
2011 (Feb 9/28): 2nd phase of Census data collection. First time biometric info. was collected.
2011 (Feb 9/28): 2nd phase of Census data collection. First time biometric info. was collected.
2011 (Feb 19): India/Sri Lanka/Bangladesh 2011
2011 (Mar 1): 15th Census of India was prepared.2011:[Book] Eric Ries's The Lean Startup: How Today's Entrepreneurs Use Continuous Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses
2011:[Book] Donald Trump & Robert Kiyosaki's Midas Touch: Why Some Entrepreneurs Get Rich-And Why Most Don't
2011: Udacity and Coursera were launched.
2011: OYO Rooms
2011: Mobile Seva launched. It is an UN award-winning e-governance initiative by government of India.
2011: The Hacker group Lulz security (LulzSec) is formed.2011: by now, 7 crore people are living in slums of India.
2011: US started to bomb at Libiya to get rid of their dictator Muammar Gaddafi.
2011: US started to bomb at Libiya to get rid of their dictator Muammar Gaddafi.
2011:[Day] Every year on 25 January National Voter's Day or Rashtriya Matdata Diwas is celebrated to encourage young voters to participate in the political process. In 2011 the first time this day was celebrated to mark Election Commission's Foundation Day.
2011 (Mar 19):[GeoPolitics] 2011 military intervention in Libya: a multi-state NATO-led coalition began a military intervention in Libya, to implement United Nations Security Council Resolution 1973, in response to events during the First Libyan Civil War. With ten votes in favour and five abstentions, the UN Security Council's intent was to have "an immediate ceasefire in Libya, including an end to the current attacks against civilians, which it said might constitute “crimes against humanity” ... [imposing] a ban on all flights in the country's airspace — a no-fly zone — and tightened sanctions on the [Muammar] Qadhafi regime and its supporters." It lasted for 7 months, 1 week and 5 days to end on 31 October 2011.
2011 (Apr 4): The IAC popular protest movement began in a year when there were also major protests about corruption in countries such as Russia (sometimes called the Snow Revolution) and the US (Occupy Wall Street).
2011 (May 31): WHO reports the no. of mobile phone subscriptions to be 500 core globally.
2011 (May 31): WHO reports the no. of mobile phone subscriptions to be 500 core globally.
2011: AIEEE paper leaked at Lucknow, UP
2011 (Sep):[Book][History] American Shakespearean, historian and Harvard author Stephen Greenblatt's The Swerve: How the World Became Modern (paperback edition: The Swerve: How the Renaissance Began) is a book by Stephen Greenblatt and winner of the 2012 Pulitzer Prize for General Non-Fiction and 2011 National Book Award for Nonfiction. Greenblatt tells the story of how Poggio Bracciolini, a 15th-century papal emissary and obsessive book hunter, saved the last copy of the Roman poet Lucretius's De rerum natura (On the Nature of Things) from near-terminal neglect in a German monastery, thus reintroducing important ideas that sparked the modern age
2011 (Oct 24):[Book] Walter Isaacson's Steve Jobs; Einstein: His Life and Universe (2007); Kissinger (1992); The Innovators: How a Group of Hackers, Geniuses, and Geeks Created the Digital Revolution (2014, Oct 7); Benjamin Franklin: An American Life (2003);
2011 (4:00 PM IST, Dec 1): Me @ IGI-ND to leave for Goa Int'l Airport, Dabolim, Mormugao. SEJ144/Boeing 737-900ER; 212 Passengers; 800kmph or 432 knots or 0.78 Machs; Depart @ 4:40PM, Terminal T1D, Gate 2B. Arrival at 7:25PM; 2h 45m
2011 (Nov 1):[Book] Darren Hardy's The Compound Effect: Jumpstart Your Income, Your Life, Your Success
2011 (Nov 3): DLF's Kushal Pal Singh autobiography, Whatever the Odds: The Incredible Story Behind DLF, was published; Jack Welch, Chairman and CEO of General Electric (GE) spoke at the launch.
2011 (Dec 2):
2011 (Dec 3):2011 (Dec 17): Kim Jong-un (born 8 January 1983) is a North Korean politician who has been the Supreme Leader of North Korea since 2011 and the leader of the Workers' Party of Korea (WPK) since 2012. He is a son of Kim Jong-il, who was North Korea's second supreme leader from 1994 to until his death in 2011, and Ko Yong-hui. He is a grandson of Kim Il-sung, who was the founder and first supreme leader of North Korea from its establishment in 1948 until his death in 1994.
2011: India Anti-corruption movement.
2011: India Anti-corruption movement.
2011:[Book] Daniel Kahneman's Thinking, Fast and Slow; Attention and Effort (1973); Judgement and Choice: Perspectives on the Work of Daniel Kahneman: A Special Issue of Thinking and Reasoning (2020, Oct 28)
2011 (Nov 18):[Gaming] Minecraft is a sandbox video game developed by the Swedish video game developer Mojang Studios.
2011:[Book] Yuval Noah Harari's Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind was originally published in Hebrew in 2011 based on the 20 lectures of an undergraduate world history class he was teaching. It was then released in English in 2014 and has since been translated into some 45 additional languages. Homo Deus: A Brief History of Tomorrow (2016); 21 Lessons for the 21st Century (2018, Aug 30)
2011:[Music] Eminem's I Need A Doctor ft. Dr. Dre and Skylar Grey (Explicit). © 2011 Aftermath Records. Lyrically, the song is largely about Dr. Dre and Eminem's close friendship, and how they have often needed and inspired each other in the past.
2011:(May):[Economics] The term "Waffle House Index" was coined by FEMA Administrator Craig Fugate, following the 2011 Joplin tornado, during which the two Waffle House restaurants in Joplin, Missouri remained open.
2011:[Cinema] A chronicle of the decade-long hunt for al-Qaeda terrorist leader Osama bin Laden after the September 2001 attacks, and his death at the hands of the Navy S.E.A.L.s Team 6 in May 2011. - Zero Dark Thirty (2012)
2011:[Crime][India] the Portuguese high court terminated the extradition of Salem to India on ground that the extradition terms agreed to between the two nations have not been observed.
2011 (Aug 4):[www][Culture] Temple Run is a video game franchise of 3D endless running video games developed and published by Imangi Studios. The primary theme of the series is an explorer chased from a group of demon monkeys, however, the characters and theme vary between spin-offs.
2011:[Mntngg][Book] Mountaineering in the Alps - A Collection of Historical Climbing Accounts of Expeditions to Mont Blanc, the Eiger, the Matterhorn and Many Other Alpine Peaks Paperback – Import, 13 May 2011
2011:[Mntngg][Extreme] Meru is a 2015 documentary film chronicling the 2011 first ascent of a new climbing route up the prow of the dramatic Shark's Fin on the northeast side of Meru Peak in the Indian Himalayas. The route required a complex range of alpine climbing, big wall climbing, and aid climbing techniques, and had rebuffed many famous climbers, including the team of Conrad Anker, Jimmy Chin, and Renan Ozturk who are featured in the film. It was co-directed by the husband and wife team of Jimmy Chin and Elizabeth Chai Vasarhelyi, and won the 'U.S. Audience Documentary Award' at the 2015 Sundance Film Festival.
2011:[Mntngg][Extreme] In 2011, 29 years after the first ascent, McNeely with partner Kait Barber made the second ascent of the aid climbing route Wings of Steel, with the purpose of examining the controversial methods of the first ascent team; their climb was documented in the 2013 Jeff Vargen-directed film, Assault on El Capitan. 2007: The Sharp End is an adrenaline-soaked journey up the world's most challenging walls: the French Alps, the Eiger, the Utah desert, the Diamond of Colorado, Indian Kashmir, Yosimite Granite, and the sandstone spires of the Czech Republic. Run-out routes, scary high-ball boulder problems, ice-covered.
2011:[Env][Mntngg] The Dokrani glacier has deglaciated by 20.70% from 1980 to 2011 and deciphers retreat of 507 m during the period under study with an average retreat of 16 m per year.
2011:[Cinema][Research] Wonders of the Universe - Physicist Brian Cox discusses various aspects of the universe, featuring a "wonder" related to each featured topic. Among the topics covered are the nature of time, relating humans to the life cycles of stars and the effect of gravity across the universe.
2011:[SpaceX] The presence of PDS 110 b was inferred from two major eclipses of the star PDS 110, occurring in 2008 and 2011, which lasted about 25 days each. These events were characterized by rapid changes in the star's light, suggesting the presence of a large, unseen object with rings.
2011:[India] The exact "total urban area" in India by geographical size is not readily available, as official data often focuses on population and settlements rather than physical space. However, as of 2011, there were 7,935 identified towns and cities, which accounted for an urban population of over 377 million people, or 31.16% of the total. The urban population itself was around 523 million in 2023, and is projected to reach about 40% of India's population by 2030. There are no fixed official numbers for cities in India; however, the term "urban centres" included over 7,933 cities and towns as of the 2011 Census. More generally, it's cited that there are around 4,000 "cities and towns". Definition of a City: A statutory urban area with a local body (like a municipality), high population density, and typically over 100,000 people. Metropolitan Cities: There are 53 metropolitan cities with populations over 1 million according to the 2011 Census.
2011:[Geo] A large earthquake off the coast of Japan shifted Earth's mass, causing its axis to shift by approximately 6.5 inches. This change in mass also caused the planet to spin slightly faster, shortening the day by a tiny fraction of a second.
2011:[Mgmt] Scaled Agile Framework (SAFe) history began in 2011 with Dean Leffingwell's "Agile Enterprise Big Picture," addressing the challenge of applying Lean-Agile practices to large organizations by integrating Scrum, Kanban, and XP, leading to its first public release in 2012 and continuous evolution with major updates (like SAFe 6.0 in 2023) to support enterprise-wide agility, business agility, and digital transformation.
2012–2017:[US][GeoPolitics] involvement in the Syrian Civil War. (US's involvement in regime change)
2012:[Business] 2012: HFT systems evolved to execute trades within nanoseconds, demonstrating the extreme speeds achieved.
2012:[Book] Social psychologist Jonathan Haidt introduced the metaphor that humans are "90% chimp and 10% bee" in his 2012 book, The Righteous Mind: Why Good People are Divided by Politics and Religion. He used this to describe human nature as largely selfish (like chimpanzees) but with a "groupish" overlay allowing cooperation. Social psychologist Joshua Greene expanded on this in 2013, adding that humans are ultimately "100% Human," highlighting our capacity for reasoning and culture. While the 90% is a behavioral metaphor, science has shown humans share roughly 96-99% of their DNA with chimpanzees, who are our closest living relatives.
2012: Commonwealth Short Story Prize was founded. It is awarded annually for best piece of unpublished short fiction (2000-5000 words). (Prize: £5000)
2012 (Jan): Kim Dotcom's Megaupload was shut down by US authorities.'2012 (Feb 28):[Book] Austin Kleon's Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You About Being Creative, a book on coming up with creative ideas published by Workman Publishing.
Newspaper Blackout (2010 Apr);
Show Your Work!: 10 Ways To Share Your Creativity And Get Discovered (2014, Mar 6);
Steal Like an Artist Journal (2015 Sep)
Keep Going: 10 Ways to Stay Creative in Good Times and Bad (2019, Apr 2);
Steal Like an Artist Journal (2015 Sep)
Keep Going: 10 Ways to Stay Creative in Good Times and Bad (2019, Apr 2);
2012 (Feb 29): The first generation (Raspberry Pi 1 Model B) was released. It was followed by the simpler and cheaper Model A. RPi is a series of small single-board computers (SBCs) developed in the United Kingdom by the Raspberry Pi Foundation in association with Broadcom. In 2006, early concepts of the Raspberry Pi were based on the Atmel ATmega644 microcontroller. Its schematics and PCB layout are publicly available.
2012 (Mar 4, Night): The BSP's CM Mayawati's cabinet approving the dissolution of the Vidhan Sabha assembly on the night of 4 March and sent the recommendation to the Governor of UP for consent.
2012 (Mar 6): Mayawati, the incumbent Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh tendered her resignation to Governor B L Joshi, marking the distinction of being the first to complete full five years in office. The history of the State shows that none of the 31 Chief Ministers was able to complete a five-year term.
2012 (Apr) Zoomcar
2012 (Mar 6): Mayawati, the incumbent Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh tendered her resignation to Governor B L Joshi, marking the distinction of being the first to complete full five years in office. The history of the State shows that none of the 31 Chief Ministers was able to complete a five-year term.
2012 (Apr) Zoomcar
2012 (Sep): UN Secy-Gen Ban Ki-moon led an initiative for the education of children.
2012 (Sun, Apr 8): I appeared for IIT-JEE 2012
2012 (Fri, May 18, 6AM): IIT JEE 2012 Result Declared. Arpit Agarwal of Modern Vidya Niketan, Farodabad topped. GB Reddy was the JEE chairman. A total of 4,79,651 (1,50,431 girl students) students appeared at 1067 centres across the country for admission to 9,647 UG seats in the 17 IITs in the country. Out of those 19,426 shortlisted for counselling.
2012 (May 31): NTP-2012 of India, The National Telecom Policy was adopted by the cabinet on May 31, 2012. It was released in public domain later in June.
2012: 12,00000 applicants for AIEEE 2012
2012 (2:35AM, Jul 30): 2012 India Blackout 1. It took 15 hours (5:35PM) to restore 80% of service.Circuit breakers on the 400 kV Bina-Gwalior electric line tripped. As this line fed into the Agra-Bareilly transmission section, breakers at the station also tripped, and power failures cascaded through the grid. All major power stations were shut down in the affected states, causing an estimated shortage of 32 GW. More than 300 million people, about 25% of India's population, were without power. Railways and some airports were shut down until 08:00. The busiest airport in South Asia, Delhi Airport, continued functioning because it switched to back-up power in 15 seconds.
2012 (Jul 15): Laugh India Laugh, a stand-up comedy competition aired on Life OK channel. Mika Singh, Shekhar Suman, and Chunky Pandey as judges.
2012 (1:02PM Jul 31): 2012 India Blackout 2.
Due to a relay problem near the Taj Mahal. As a result, power stations across the affected parts of India again went offline. NTPC Ltd. stopped 38% of its generation capacity. Over 600 million people (nearly half of India's population), in 22 out of 28 states in India, were without power.
2012 (1:02PM Jul 31): 2012 India Blackout 2.
Due to a relay problem near the Taj Mahal. As a result, power stations across the affected parts of India again went offline. NTPC Ltd. stopped 38% of its generation capacity. Over 600 million people (nearly half of India's population), in 22 out of 28 states in India, were without power.
2012 (Aug 2): Uttar Pradesh was being supplied about 7 GW power, while the demand was between 9 and 9.7 GW.
2012 (Aug 25): Voyager 1 probe left our solar system and entered interstellar space, making it the first spacecraft to do so. After blasting off from Earth, it took nearly 35 years to reach Interstellar space. It reached the interstellar space 6 years before it's sister probe Voyager 2. It is on 40,000-year trek to distant stars.
2012 (Sep 2): Gottfrid of TPB was arrested in Phnom Penh (Cambodia), while evading Swedish authorities following the 2009 verdict and conviction.
2012 (Sep 2): Gottfrid of TPB was arrested in Phnom Penh (Cambodia), while evading Swedish authorities following the 2009 verdict and conviction.
2012 (Nov 26): AAP founded. The AAP has its origins in the India Against Corruption movement organised by Anna Hazare, Arvind Kejriwal and some other social activists who had been involved in Team Anna, a strand of the anti-corruption movement for a Jan Lokpal Bill that had gained momentum in India during 2011 and 2012.
2012 (Dec):
2012: "omnishambles", Oxford University Press' the word of the year for 2012
2012 Delhi gang rape.
Sachin Tendulkar retired from ODI.
Ratan Tata retired after elevating the Tata Gp. to $800 Million.
Dec 31: Kingfisher Airlines loses flying licence.
2012: Assam violence.
2012: The Saradha scam (Rs. 2500 Crore) was one of the major financial scams in Indian history, done by the Saradha group. The scam revealed in 2012 when SEBI stop the group to raise money and tell to obtain permission to run its scheme. In 2013, Saradha Group outflow increase and inflow decease, and in April 2014 the scheme collapsed.
2012:[Music] Pitbull - Give Me Everything ft. Ne-Yo, Afrojack, Nayer
2012:[Music] Irish band, The Script's Hall of Fame ft. will.i.am. It has a tempo of 85 BPM. It can also be used double-time at 170 BPM. They first released music in 2008. The band consists of lead vocalist and keyboardist Danny O'Donoghue, lead guitarist Mark Sheehan, and drummer Glen Power
2012:[Corporate][India] The High Speed Rail Corporation of India Limited (HSRCIL) is a Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) which has been incorporated in 2012 as a subsidiary of Rail Vikas Nigam Limited (RVNL), the public sector enterprise of Government of India. The HSRCIL has been formed under the Ministry of Railways, Government of India, for the development and implementation of the high speed rail projects in India.
2012:[Space][Research] A black hole firewall is a hypothetical phenomenon where an observer falling into a black hole encounters high-energy quanta at (or near) the event horizon. The "firewall" phenomenon was proposed in 2012 by physicists Ahmed Almheiri, Donald Marolf, Joseph Polchinski, and James Sully as a possible solution to an apparent inconsistency in black hole complementarity. The proposal is sometimes referred to as the AMPS firewall, an acronym for the names of the authors of the 2012 paper. The potential inconsistency pointed out by AMPS had been pointed out earlier by Samir Mathur who used the argument in favour of the fuzzball proposal. The use of a firewall to resolve this inconsistency remains controversial, with physicists divided as to the solution to the paradox.
2012:[Crime][India] The Supreme Court of Portugal upheld the decision which was later affirmed by the Portuguese Constitutional Court as well. At the same time, the Constitutional Court of Portugal held that Portuguese law did not provide for any specific consequence for violation of the Principle of Speciality over charges.
2012:[Computing][Quantum] Physicists used a four-qubit quantum computer to factor 143.
2012:[Computing][AI] Google hired computer scientist Ray Kurzweil to develop multiple chatbots for the company, including one named Danielle. (Meena, Bard) Later around 2019, the Google Brain research team, who developed Meena, hoped to release the chatbot to the public in a limited capacity, but corporate executives refused on the grounds that Meena violated Google's "AI principles around safety and fairness". Meena was later renamed LaMDA as its data and computing power increased, and the Google Brain team again sought to deploy the software to the Google Assistant, the company's virtual assistant software, in addition to opening it up to a public demo. Both requests were once again denied by company leadership. This eventually led LaMDA's two lead researchers, Daniel De Freitas and Noam Shazeer, to depart the company in frustration in 2023.
2012: James Cameron became the first person to do a solo descent to the bottom of the Mariana Trench, the deepest part of the Earth's ocean, in the Deepsea Challenger submersible.2012:[Space][Interstellar] Voyager 1 reached the interstellar medium 6 years 2 months 11 days before Voyager 2. It was launched 16 days after Voyager 2.
2012 (Apr 12): [www][Culture] Candy Crush Saga is a free-to-play tile-matching video game released by King on April 12, 2012, originally for Facebook; other versions for iOS, Android, Windows Phone, and Windows 10 followed. It is a variation of their browser game Candy Crush.
2012 (May 23):[www][Culture] Subway Surfers is an endless runner mobile game which is co-developed by Kiloo and SYBO Games, private companies based in Denmark. It is available on Android, iOS, HarmonyOS, Amazon Fire Tablet, and Windows Phone platforms and uses the Unity game engine.
2012:[Adventure] On 8 January 2012, Slovenian pilot Matevž Lenarčič launched an around-the-world flight attempt from Slovenia in a turbocharged Virus SW914, sponsored as the GreenLight World Flight. As part of his flight, he flew past Mount Everest at an altitude of 8,944 m (29,344 ft), some 90 m (300 ft) above the peak's height; this portion of the journey was not authorized, as Nepal had cancelled his permit to make the flight right before he took off.[15][16] He completed the flight on 19 April 2012, returning to Slovenia and claiming to be the first person to complete such a flight without a copilot. He flew 100,000 km (62,000 miles) during the journey.
2012:[Who] On November 9, 2012, Patrick Bet-David launched the Valuetainment channel on YouTube, which features commentary by Bet-David, as well as interviews. A 2015 video entitled "The Life of an Entrepreneur in 90 Seconds" went viral, significantly increasing his public profile.[4] The platform eventually grew into a larger media company, which hosts conventions featuring speakers including Dwayne Johnson and Nick Saban.
2012:[Adventure][Cinema][Who] Simon Reeve, a British presenter, embarks on an adventurous journey to explore some of the most remote, dangerous and beautiful locations in the Indian Ocean. Simon Alan Reeve is an English author, journalist, adventurer, documentary filmmaker and television presenter. Reeve has made global travel and environmental documentaries, and has written books on international terrorism, modern history, and his adventures. Wikipedia Born: 21 July 1972 (age 53 years), London, United Kingdom Spouse: Anya Reeve Education: Twyford Church of England High School, Highbury Campus - City of Portsmouth College Siblings: James Reeve Height: 1.91 m
2012:[Bio][Research][GoI] BIRAC (Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance Council) was founded in 2012 as a Not-for-Profit, Section 8 Public Sector Enterprise by the Department of Biotechnology (DBT) under India's Ministry of Science & Technology to boost biotech innovation and entrepreneurship. It acts as an interface, offering funding, incubation, and support for startups and research, helping bridge academia and industry.
2012: In November 2012, Musk wrote in one email: "What day/night will be the wildest party on your island?" In another, from December the same year, he wrote: "I really want to hit the party scene in St Barts or elsewhere and let loose", adding that a "peaceful island experience" is the opposite of what he's wanting. Response: Musk responded in an X post in January, acknowledging that the emails might be used to "smear my name", but said he was more concerned about the prosecution of "those who committed serious crimes with Epstein".
2012: Billionaire businessman and US Commerce Department Secretary Howard Lutnick planned a visit to Jeffrey Epstein's island Little Saint James with his family, according to emails included in the latest Epstein files' release. In one email from December 2012, Lutnick's wife Allison wrote to Epstein's assistant on what appeared to be the eve of the visit: "We are looking forward to visiting you", and, "We would love to join you for lunch". In another email, sent to a redacted recipient days before his wife's email, Lutnick writes: "Hi Jeff... Does Sunday evening for dinner sound good?" Response: The Commerce Department said in a statement to the BBC that "Secretary Lutnick had limited interactions with Mr Epstein in the presence of his wife and has never been accused of wrongdoing".
2012:Several US Baptist or Evangelical missionaries have been detained in North Korea, often accused of spying or "hostile acts." Key cases include Kenneth Bae (detained 2012, released 2014) and Baptist missionary Kim Jung-wook (sentenced to life in 2014), who were accused of attempting to overthrow the government and proselytizing.
2012:[silvics][India][who] Jadav Payeng was honoured at a public function arranged by the School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University on 22 April 2012 for his achievement. He shared his experience of creating a forest in an interactive session, where Magsaysay Award winner Rajendra Singh and JNU vice-chancellor Sudhir Kumar Sopory were present. Sopory named Jadav Payeng as the "Forest Man of India".
[Generation] Gen Z (1997–2012) ends; lasted for 15 years.
2013:[Research][Space] On January 11, 2013, another large quasar group, the Huge-LQG, was discovered, which was measured to be four billion light-years across, the largest known structure in the universe at that time.
2013:[GeoPolitics][Business] Qatar withdrew from the Ashgabat Agreement and Kazakhstan applied for membership, which was eventually approved in 2015.
2013:[Business][GeoPolitics] The New Silk Road Initiative: Key Goals and Objectives, Launched in 2013 by Chinese President Xi Jinping, the New Silk Road initiative seeks to achieve a series of interconnected goals aimed at fostering economic growth and geopolitical influence. The initiative aims to enhance connectivity between countries, ensuring the efficient flow of goods, services, capital, and people. This would be achieved through both land-based routes (the "Silk Road Economic Belt") and maritime routes (the "21st Century Maritime Silk Road"). Strategic ports and maritime infrastructure projects, such as the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), the Hambantota Port in Sri Lanka, and the Kyaukphyu Port in Myanmar, are key parts of the maritime network.
2013:[Research][Space] January 2013: A meteorite that fell, 29 December, in Sri Lanka, is seen to contain fossilized diatoms.
2013 (Jun 22): The 2013 Nanga Parbat massacre was a terrorist attack that took place on the night of 22 June 2013 in Gilgit–Baltistan, Pakistan. About 16 militants, reportedly dressed in Gilgit−Baltistan Scouts uniforms, stormed a high-altitude mountaineering base camp and killed 11 people; 10 climbers and one local tourist guide.The climbers were from various countries, including Ukraine, China, Slovakia, Lithuania and Nepal. A Chinese citizen managed to escape the assailants, and a member of the group from Latvia happened to be outside the camp during the attack. The attack took place at a base camp on Nanga Parbat, the ninth-highest mountain on Earth. The mountain is popular among trekkers and mountaineers, and is typically toured from June to August because of the ideal weather conditions during these months. As of 2022, The ninth highest mountain in the world, Nanga Parbat has claimed 64 lives from an astonishingly low 287 attempts. It is the third most dangerous mountain in the entire world.
2013:[Business][GeoPolitics] The ATT was adopted by the UN General Assembly on 2 April 2013 with 154 votes in favour, 3 votes against, and 23 abstentions*. The Treaty opened for signature on 3 June 2013 and entered into force on 24 December 2014 following its ratification, acceptance or approval by 50 states (in accordance with Article 22(1)). The UN arms trade treaty came into existence less than two years after being adopted by the general assembly said by the UN secretary-general. The arms trade treaty is not signed by major weapon-producing countries like Russia, China, India, and Pakistan.
2013:[Business][GeoPolitics] Our World in Data (OWID) is a scientific online publication that focuses on large global problems such as poverty, disease, hunger, war, climate change, population growth, existential risks, and inequality.
2013: Indian helicopter bribery scandal.
2013: India discontinued electric telegraph. (after 7 years later act to US and EU).
2013 (Jan 1):[Book] Cal Newport's Deep Work: Rules for Focused Success in a Distracted World.
2013 (Jan 1):[Book] Australian speaker Chris Helder's The Ultimate Book of Influence - 10 Tools of Persuasion to Connect, Communicate and Win in Business; Useful Belief: Because It's Better Than Positive Thinking (2015, Dec 21)
2013 (Jan 3): CBSE introduced Human Rights and Gender Studies in its curriculum from next academic year.
2013 (Jan 6): world's largest solar-telescope under-construction at Laddakh, India
2013 (Jan 24): India is a living example of secularism- Dalai Lama.
2013 (Jan 25): [GeoPolitics] The TAKM - Organization of the Eurasian Law Enforcement Agencies with Military Status is an intergovernmental military law enforcement (gendarmerie) organization of three Turkic countries (Azerbaijan, Kyrgyzstan and Turkey) and, formerly, Mongolia. The initialism TAKM came from the founder countries' names. The TAKM is considered as an alternative for the FIEP. In 2014, Mongolia quit the organization and Kazakhstan applied for membership.
2013 (Mar):[Education][US][Physics][Quantum] In the Spring of 2013, MIT OCW launched a 3-month foundation course in Quantum Physics (i.e. 8.04 Quantum Physics I) led by the uber cool Allan Adams.
2013 (Mar): Akhilesh Yadav (Uttar Pradesh) fulfilled his an election promises to distribute 15 lakh HP Pavilion G4 1303AU laptops (costing 19,000 each) to benefit students who passed out of Class 12 (or equivalent) in 2012 and are aiming to study further.
Students from 313 tehsils in the Uttar Pradesh region benefited from the initiative. The project costed around Rs 2,800 crore to the government.
2013 (Mar 5):[Book] Wharton (UPenn) professor of Marketing, Jonah Berger's Contagious: Why Things Catch On; Don’t Confuse Me With Them Identity-Signaling And Product Abandonment; Positive Effects of Negative Publicity: When Negative Reviews Increase Sales (2010); Who Drives Divergence? Identity Signaling, Outgroup Dissimilarity, and the Abandonment of Cultural Tastes (2008); Invisible Influence: The Hidden Forces that Shape Behavior (2016, Jan 1); [Biography] He Walks Like A Cowboy: One Man's Journey Through Life With A Disability (2007, Nov 27)
2013 (Apr 23):[Book] Jen Sincero's You Are a Badass: How to Stop Doubting Your Greatness and Start Living an Awesome Life; You Are a Badass at Making Money: Master the Mindset of Wealth (1997, Jan 1); You Are a Badass Every Day: How to Keep Your Motivation Strong, Your Vibe High, and Your Quest for Transformation Unstoppable (2018, Dec 4)
2013 (May 2): the African Union's Executive Council unanimously voted to have Ugandan Foreign Minister Sam Kutesa as the president of the United Nations General Assembly after Cameroonian Foreign Minister Pierre Moukoko withdrew, thus not necessitating an election.
2013 (Jun 14-17): Uttarakhand floods. From 14 to 17 June 2013, the Indian state of Uttarakhand and adjoining areas received heavy rainfall, which was about 375% more than the benchmark rainfall during a normal monsoon. This caused the melting of Chorabari Glacier at the height of 3800 metres, and eruption of the Mandakini River which led to heavy floods near Gobindghat, Kedar Dome, Rudraprayag district, Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh and Western Nepal, and acute rainfall in other nearby regions of Delhi, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and some parts of Tibet.
2013 (Jun 20):[Space][Research][Oz] The first phase of the telescope, the so-called "Phase I MWA" started building in year 2007 and achieved full practical completion in late 2012 and completed commissioning on 20 June 2013, before moving into full operations. The Murchison Widefield Array is a joint project between an international consortium of organisations to construct and operate a low-frequency radio array. 'Widefield' refers to its very large field of view. Operating in the frequency range 70–300 MHz, the main scientific goals of the MWA are to detect neutral atomic Hydrogen emission from the cosmological Epoch of Reionization, to study the sun, the heliosphere, the Earth's ionosphere, and radio transient phenomena, as well as map the extragalactic radio sky. It is located at the Murchison Radio-astronomy Observatory. Along with the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder, also at the MRO, and two radio telescopes in South Africa, the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array and MeerKAT, the MWA is one of four precursors to the international project known as the Square Kilometre Array.
2013 (Jun 22): Comedy Nights With Kapil was an Indian sketch comedy and celebrity talk show hosted by Kapil Sharma, that premiered on Colors TV on 22 June 2013 and ended on 24 January 2016. Ft. 191 Episodes.
2013 (IST 11:41 PM, Jul 1): IRNSS-1A/PSLV-C22, the first IRNSS satellite for NAVIC.
The Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS) with an operational name of NAVIC (meaning, sailor or navigator in Sanskrit) stands for NAVigation-with-Indian-Constellation and is an autonomous regional navigation system of 7 satellites that is being set up by India, that will be used to provide accurate real-time positioning and timing services over India and the region extending to 1,500 kilometres (930 mi) around India. the 7 Satellites are orbiting at 35, 786 kms. amsl (3 GEO and 4 GSO) , costing around $212 million.
2013 (Jul):[Business][China] Xiaomi Redmi; became subsidiary of Xiaomi on 10 Jan 2019.
2013 (Aug 28): 1$ = ₹68.786
2013 (Nov 14): Sachin retires from all forms of Cricket.
2013: the total extramural grants provided to Indian universities put together is about $12 billion.
2013 (Aug 20): murder of Narendra Dabholkar, a former doctor turned campaigner against superstition and black-magic who was shot dead by unidentified motorcycle-borne assailants while out on a morning walk in Pune. He had a wife and two children. Dabholkar's killing prompted the state government to enact the revolutionary 'Maharashtra Prevention and Eradication of Human Sacrifice and Other Inhuman, Evil and Aghori Practices, and Black Magic Act, 2013, but it is popular as the anti-superstitions and black magic law.
2013 (Aug 27): Muzaffarnagar riots between Hindus and Muslims resulted in 62 deaths (42 Muslims and 20 Hindus) and injured 93 and left more than 50,000 displaced.
2013: more than 20 lakhs Indian-born immigrants resided in the United States, accounting for 4.7 percent of the 41.3 million foreign-born population. From 1980 to 2013, the Indian immigrant population in US increased ten-fold, from 206,000 to 2.04 million, roughly doubling every decade. India is also the second-largest sending country of international students to the United States after China. Close to 1,30,000 Indian-born students were enrolled in U.S. educational institutions in the 2013-14 school year.
2013 (Jun): There are 14.2 million Indian migrants worldwide; after the United Arab Emirates (2,852,000), the United States (2,061,000) is the second-most common destination. Other popular destinations include Saudi Arabia (1,762,000), Pakistan (1,396,000), Nepal (810,000), and the United Kingdom (756,000), according to mid-2013 estimates by the United Nations Population Division.
2013 (Aug 5): Bhartiya Mahila Bank Ltd. incorporated at New Delhi.
2013 (Sep): The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI, or B&R), formerly known as One Belt One Road or OBOR for short, is a global infrastructure development strategy adopted by the Chinese government to invest in nearly 70 countries and international organizations. Xi originally announced the strategy as the "Silk Road Economic Belt" during an official visit to Kazakhstan in September 2013.
2013: Manipur, Meghalaya and Tripura gor their capitals as Imphal, Shillong, and Agartala resp..2013 (Dec 2): Adult Swim unveiled its development slate that included a Rick and Morty pilot from Harmon and Roiland, which was eventually picked up to series in October 2012, as one of the network's first primetime original shows. The first season premiered in December 2013 and concluded in April 2014. It comprised eleven episodes (including the pilot), and aired Mondays at 10:30 pm ET/PT.
2013 (Dec 4): The 5th Delhi Legislative Assembly election held
2013 (Dec 8): Results of Delhi Legislative Assembly announced resulting in formation of the Fifth Legislative Assembly of Delhi.2013 (Dec 16):[Business][China] OnePlus Technology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. was founded by former Oppo vice-president Pete Lau and Carl Pei.
2013 (Dec 26):[Book] Stanford lecturer Nir Eyal's Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products
2013 (Dec 28): AAP formed the state government after taking outside support from the Indian National Congress. AAP's leader Arvind Kejriwal, who defeated the incumbent chief minister Sheila Dixit, became the 7th chief minister of Delhi.
2013: Adafruit Industries, a New York City supplier of Arduino boards, parts, and assemblies, estimated that 700,000 official boards were in users' hands.
2013: China has been cracking down on cryptocurrency, especially bitcoin, since 2013 when Beijing ordered third-party payment processors to refrain from using bitcoin. In 2017, once again China came down heavily on cryptocurrency and suspended token sales. In 2019, Chinese authorities beefed up their exercise of targeting crypto exchanges.
2013:[Business][China] The first Redmi phone Redmi (Red Rice in Mandarin), released in China in 2013, was first launched on Xiaomi's website, with consumer sales beginning on 12 July 2013. The phone was internationally released under the Redmi brand in early 2014.
2013:[Computing][Quantum] Rigetti Computing was founded by Chad Rigetti, a physicist who previously worked on quantum computers at IBM, and studied under Michel Devoret. The company emerged from startup incubator Y Combinator in 2014 as a so-called "spaceshot" company. The company also went through enterprise revenue-focused The Alchemist Accelerator in 2014.
2013 (Oct 12):[Godman] Gujarat Police team on Thursday raided self-styled godman Asaram Bapu's Ratlam ashram in Madhya Pradesh to hunt down his son Narayan Sai.
2013 (May 24):[www][Culture] Flappy Bird is a 2013 casual mobile game developed by Vietnamese video game artist and programmer Dong Nguyen, under his game development company .Gears. The game is a side-scroller where the player controls a bird attempting to fly between columns of green pipes without hitting them.
2013:When the AAP came to power in Delhi in 2013 with the support of the Congress, the Arvind Kejriwal-led government announced free water up to 20,000 litres to every household in Delhi. The AAP government also announced up to 200 units of free electricity to the Delhiites.
2013:[Env][Disaster] In June 2013, a mid-day cloudburst centered on the North Indian state of Uttarakhand caused devastating floods and landslides, becoming the country's worst natural disaster since the 2004 tsunami. The rainfall received that month was far greater than the rainfall the state usually received. Debris blocked the rivers, causing major overflow. The main day of the flood was 16 June 2013.
From 16 June 2013 a well-marked cyclonic circulation developed around a low pressure area over the Bay of Bengal, moving westwards, rapidly intensified due to moisture supplied from both the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea, combining with intense western disturbances from the north,[12] thus causing the Indian state of Uttarakhand and adjoining areas to receive heavy rainfall, leading to 375% of the benchmark rainfall during a normal monsoon.[13] This caused the melting of Chorabari Glacier at the height of 3800 meters and cresting of the Mandakini River,[14] which led to heavy floods near Gobindghat, Kedar Dome, Rudraprayag district, Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh and Western Nepal, and acute rainfall in other nearby regions of Delhi, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and some parts of Tibet. 6000+ deaths.
2013:[Research][Space] In November 2013, astronomers discovered the Hercules–Corona Borealis Great Wall, an even bigger structure twice as large as the former. It was defined by the mapping of gamma-ray bursts.
2013: Two emails from 18 July 2013 are written as though drafted by Epstein, but it is unclear if they are genuine or were ever sent to Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates. One email is written as a resignation letter from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and complains about having had to procure medicine for Gates "to deal with the consequences of sex with Russian girls". The other, which begins "dear Bill", complains about Gates having ended a friendship and makes more claims about Gates having tried to cover up a sexually transmitted infection, including from his then-wife, Melinda.
2013: Richard Branson's name appears hundreds of times in the files. In one 2013 exchange, Epstein thanks Branson for his recent hospitality and public relations advice, to which Branson replies that it was "really nice" seeing him, adding: "Any time you're in the area would love to see you. As long as you bring your harem!" Virgin Group has clarified that "harem" referred to three adult members of Epstein's team.
2013: The emails between Epstein and Tisch date back to 2013, at a time when Epstein already had a conviction for procuring a child for prostitution. The emails revealed that Tisch, now 76, emailed Epstein asking if a “Ukrainian Girl” was a “pro or civilian.” Tisch asked Epstein in a separate email about a woman the convicted pedophile had described as a “Tahitian” named “Emily,” wondering if she was a “working girl?” Another time, he asked if a particular woman was “fun.” Tisch asked Epstein in one email, “Is my present in NYC?” When Epstein said yes, Tisch replied, “Can I get my surprise to take me to lunch tomorrow?” Tisch later spoke out about the emails, saying, “We had a brief association where we exchanged emails about adult women, and in addition, we discussed movies, philanthropy, and investments. I did not take him up on any of his invitations and never went to his island. As we all know now, he was a terrible person and someone I deeply regret associating with.” At least one exchange between Tisch and Epstein took place during an NFL meeting, according to the emails. While Tisch offered Epstein two tickets to his suite for a Giants game, Epstein invited him to his private Caribbean island. The Tisch family owns 40 percent of the Giants. Steve Tisch (executive vice president/chairman of the board) has served as the front-facing partner since his father Bob Tisch’s death in 2005.
2013:[www] On Aug. 31, 2013, ICANN adopted the Expired Registration Recovery Policy (ERRP), which requires registrars to disclose important information to Registrants and prospective customers about expiration notices, fees and redemption procedures. All required information and disclosures currently exist in various locations throughout our website. However, as an aid to Registrants, this article contains links to all required elements in the new policy.
2013:[silvics][India][who] In the month of October 2013, Jadav Payeng (now the Forest Man of India) was honoured at the Indian Institute of Forest Management during their annual event Coalescence.
2014: [GeoPolitics][Military][Economics] Russia liquidates nearly all its US Treasury holdings in response to international sanctions [[16:14](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vYJri1eNRyc&t=974)].
2014 (Sep 18):[Extreme] The deepest scuba dive ever recorded is 332.35 meters (1,090 feet), achieved by Ahmed Gabr in the Red Sea off Dahab, Egypt, on September 18, 2014, according to Guinness World Records. This dive broke the previous record of 318.25 meters (1,044 feet) set by Nuno Gomes in 2005.
2014: [GeoPolitics] D-10 refers to an initiative by the US Department of State policy planning dating back to 2008. It was picked up by the Atlantic Council, which launched an initiative in 2014 to maintain a "rules-based democratic order" under the leadership of ten "leading democracies" viz. Australia, Canada, France, Germany, India, Italy, Japan, South Korea, UK, US and EU.
2014 (Feb 14): After 49 days of rule, Arvind Kejriwal resigned from his post citing the reason as his government's inability to table the Jan Lokpal Bill in Delhi Assembly for discussion due to stiff opposition from other political parties in the house. Delhi remained thereafter under President's Rule for about a year till 4 November 2014.
2014 (Mar): WHO reported a major Ebola outbreak in Guinea, a western African nation.2014 (Feb 14): After 49 days of rule, Arvind Kejriwal resigned from his post citing the reason as his government's inability to table the Jan Lokpal Bill in Delhi Assembly for discussion due to stiff opposition from other political parties in the house. Delhi remained thereafter under President's Rule for about a year till 4 November 2014.
2014 (Mar 4):[Book] Ben Horowitz's The Hard Thing About Hard Things: Building a Business When There Are No Easy Answers
2014 (Mar 5): The Election Commission of India announce election scheduled to the 16th Lok Sabha.
2014 (Apr 7): Members of the 16th Lok Sabha were elected during the 2014 Indian general election. The elections were conducted in 9 phases from 7 April 2014 to 12 May 2014 by the Election Commission of India. The results of the election were declared on 16 May 2014. The Bharatiya Janata Party (of the NDA) achieved an absolute majority with 282 seats out of 543. Its PM candidate Narendra Modi took office on 26 May 2014 as the 15th prime minister of independent India. The first session was scheduled to be convened from June 4 to June 11, 2014.
2014 (Apr 13): Me joined Quora.(after 3 years and 10 months of its launch)
2014: the total R&D spending of the top 100 companies in India is Rs. 11,500 crore. Only 13% of it goes into partnership with universities.
2014 (Apr 23):[Business][China] The OnePlus One was introduced as OnePlus' first smartphone. It was running on CyanogenOS.
2014 (Apr): WISE 0855−0714 (full designation WISE J085510.83−071442.5) is a sub-brown dwarf 2.28±0.01 parsecs (7.43±0.04 light-years) from Earth, therefore the fourth-closest star or (sub-) brown dwarf system to the Sun, the discovery of which was announced in April 2014 by Kevin Luhman using data from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE). As of 2014, WISE 0855−0714 has the third-highest proper motion (8151.6±1.8 mas/yr) after Barnard's Star (10300 mas/yr) and Kapteyn's Star (8600 mas/yr) and the fourth-largest parallax (439.0±2.4 mas) of any known star or brown dwarf.
2014 (May): IRCTC introduced Next Gen e-Ticketing system to upgrade it capacity. It will support 3.5 times more peak traffic with 7200 tickets/minute, as against existing capacity of 2000 tickets/minute. IRCTC using 62 servers to cater the needs of users who are booking their train tickets through IRCTC website. The estimated cost of this Next Generation E-Ticketing (NGeT) project is about Rs. 74 crore done by IRCTC.
2014 (May): IRCTC introduced Next Gen e-Ticketing system to upgrade it capacity. It will support 3.5 times more peak traffic with 7200 tickets/minute, as against existing capacity of 2000 tickets/minute. IRCTC using 62 servers to cater the needs of users who are booking their train tickets through IRCTC website. The estimated cost of this Next Generation E-Ticketing (NGeT) project is about Rs. 74 crore done by IRCTC.
2014 (May 1):[Book] Ryan Holiday's The Obstacle Is the Way: The Timeless Art of Turning Trials into Triumph
2014 (May 12): conduction of 16th LS Election ends after lasting for 35 days. It took 3 days to announce the results.
2014 (May 16): Counting of votes and declaration of results for all poll days of the election.
2014 (May 17): PM Manmohan Singh is due to resign after a decade long of service.
2014 (May 26): Narendra Modi (NaMo), 15th PM of India took office.
2014 (May 29): [GeoPolitics] The Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) is an economic union of post-Soviet states located in Eastern Europe, Western Asia and Central Asia. The Treaty on the Eurasian Economic Union was signed by the leaders of Belarus, Kazakhstan, and Russia, and came into force on 1 January 2015.
2014 (Jun 2): Telangana became the 29th State of India. Chandrashekhar Rao sworn-in as the First Chief Minister of Telengana.
India became 2nd largest textiles exporter after China: UN Comtrade
2014 (6:20AM, Jun 3): Union Minister for Rural Development and Panchayati Raj in Narendra Modi's Cabinet, Gopitnath Munde while n his way to the Delhi airport when the SX4 he was travelling in was rammed by a speeding Indica car at the Aurobindo Marg-Tughlak Road intersection at 6.20 am.
RBI announced second Bi-Monthly Monetary Policy Statement.
2014 (Jun 6): first session of LS starts. the President addresses both Houses of Parliament assembled together after the Members have made and subscribed the oath or affirmation and the Speaker (Sumitra Mahajan) has been elected.
2014 (Jun 11): first session of LS ends after 7 days.
2014 (Jul 1): Lok Sabha's Monsoon Session starts
2014 (Thu, Jul 10): Union Finance Minister, Arun Jaitley presented his maiden budget. The Union Budget 2014-2015 aims to cater all groups of the society with a motto, "Sab ka Saath Sab ka Vikas".
2014 (Thu, Jul 10): Union Finance Minister, Arun Jaitley presented his maiden budget. The Union Budget 2014-2015 aims to cater all groups of the society with a motto, "Sab ka Saath Sab ka Vikas".
2014 (Jul 26): MyGov (मेरी सरकार) is a citizen engagement platform founded by the Government of India to promote the active participation of Indian citizens in their country's governance and development.
2014 (Aug): 5 weekends in a month.
2014 (Aug): 5 weekends in a month.
2014 (Aug 8): the WHO declared the Ebola epidemic to be an international public health emergency.
2014 (Aug 22): U. R. Ananthamurthy died. He was a critic of superstition.
2014 (Aug 25):[Space] Two years of entering into Interstellar space, Voyager 1 began experiencing a third "tsunami wave" of coronal mass ejections from the Sun that continued for at least 4 months further confirming that the probe is indeed in interstellar space.
2014 (Aug 28): Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojna (Later the account holders will be provided an overdraft facility of up to Rs 5,000.2014 (Sep 7): उन्नत भारत अभियान (Improved India Mission) launched in collaboration with IIT-D
2014 (Sep 16): The 69th session of the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) opened.
2014 (Sep 16):[Book] Peter Thiel with Blake Masters published Zero to One: Notes on Startups, or How to Build the Future.
2014 (Sep 22):[GeoPolitics] American-led intervention in the Syrian civil war: the American-led support of Syrian rebels and the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) during the course of the Syrian civil war, including Operation Inherent Resolve, the active military operation led by the United States, and involving the militaries of the United Kingdom, France, Jordan, Turkey, Canada, Australia, and others against the Islamic State (IS) and al-Nusra Front since 2014. It is an ongoing crisis since 7 years, 5 months, 1 week and 4 days as of Mar 7, 2022.
2014 (Sep 25): Make in India is an initiative launched by the Government of India to encourage multi-national, as well as national companies to manufacture their products in India.
2014 (Sep 26): "The Ebola epidemic ravaging parts of West Africa is the most severe acute public health emergency seen in modern times. Never before in recorded history has a biosafety level four pathogen infected so many people so quickly, over such a broad geographical area, for so long."- WHO.
2014 (Sep 27): the maiden address of NaMo to the UN. He proposed the concept of Int'l Yoga Day to the UN.2014 (Sep 30): Lok Sabha's Monsoon Session ends after 90 days or 3 months.
2014 (Oct 14):[Disaster][Extreme][Travel][Nepal] 2014 Nepal snowstorm disaster. At least 43 people died in snowstorms and subsequent avalanches. It was Nepal's deadliest trekking disaster. The deadliest mountain in the world is a specific ascent of Annapurna, another peak in the Himalayas. The route is so deadly because of an extremely steep face. According to an unnamed expert the storm arose from Cyclone Hudhud and was the worst in a decade with almost 1.8 metres (5 ft 11 in) of snow falling within 12 hours. The storm resulted from the unusual merger of a tropical cyclone with an upper trough.
Astonishingly, 58 people have died from just 158 attempts. It has the greatest fatality rate of any ascent in the world.
2014 (Oct 2): स्वच्छ भारत अभियान Clean India Mission) launched at Rajghat-New Delhi, by Prime Minister Narendra Modi. It is a national campaign by the Government of India, covering 4,041 statutory cities and towns, to clean the streets, roads and infrastructure of the country.
It is India's biggest ever cleanliness drive and 3 million government employees and school and college students of India participated in this event.
2014 (Nov): Fredrik (TiAmo), the last of the TPB's founder was detained and later arrested in Nong Khai, Thailand.
2014 (Oct 7):[Book] American surgeon Atul Gawande's Being Mortal: Medicine and What Matters in the End, a non-fiction book where Gawande shares personal stories of his patients' and his own relatives' experiences, the realities of old age which involve broken hips and dementia, overwhelmed families and expensive geriatric care, and loneliness and loss of independence.
2014 (Nov 1): Lok Sabha's Winter Session starts.
2014 (Nov 1): Lok Sabha's Winter Session starts.
2014 (Nov 9): Ministry of Ayurveda, Yoga, & Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy (AYUSH), the nodal agency to ccordinate various activities for the celebration of Int'l Yoga Day).
It was created as the Dept. of Indian Medicine and Homeopathy in Mar 1995 and was renamed as Dept. of AYUSH in Nov 2003, and on this day it got the status of a union ministry.
2014 (Dec 3):[research][cosmos] Hayabusa2 and OSIRIS-REx were both asteroid sample-return missions. Hayabusa2, launched by JAXA on December 3, 2014, from the Tanegashima Space Center, aimed to collect samples from the asteroid Ryugu. OSIRIS-REx, launched by NASA on September 8, 2016, from Cape Canaveral, targeted asteroid Bennu.
It was created as the Dept. of Indian Medicine and Homeopathy in Mar 1995 and was renamed as Dept. of AYUSH in Nov 2003, and on this day it got the status of a union ministry.
2014 (Dec 3):[research][cosmos] Hayabusa2 and OSIRIS-REx were both asteroid sample-return missions. Hayabusa2, launched by JAXA on December 3, 2014, from the Tanegashima Space Center, aimed to collect samples from the asteroid Ryugu. OSIRIS-REx, launched by NASA on September 8, 2016, from Cape Canaveral, targeted asteroid Bennu.
2014 (Dec 11): At the 69th session of UNGA, India's Permanent Representative to UN, Asoke Mukerji introduced the draft resolution estg. the Int'l Day of Yoga and was endorsed by 175 member states.
2014 (Dec 15): Lok Sabha's Winter Session ends after 45 days or 1.5 months.
2014: Kamlesh D. Patel succeeded Parthasarathi Rajagopalachari as the Managing Trustee of Sahaj Marg Spirituality Foundation (SMSF).
2014 (Dec 15): Lok Sabha's Winter Session ends after 45 days or 1.5 months.
2014: Kamlesh D. Patel succeeded Parthasarathi Rajagopalachari as the Managing Trustee of Sahaj Marg Spirituality Foundation (SMSF).
2014: Comedy Circus stopped telecasting.
2014: The Policy Aptitude Test (PAT) is an offline written test held in India. This test scores a person on the bases of General Knowledge, Numerical Problem Solving, Policy Aptitude, Logical Reasoning, English Language and Policy Analysis Ability. The National Law School of India University, Bengaluru (NLSIU) started this exam and use the test for selecting students for its Public Policy Programme.
2014 (Oct 3): 2014 Muzaffarnagar triple murder was the brutal murder of three factory laborers in Bahadurpur India which led to communal tension.
2014: The Policy Aptitude Test (PAT) is an offline written test held in India. This test scores a person on the bases of General Knowledge, Numerical Problem Solving, Policy Aptitude, Logical Reasoning, English Language and Policy Analysis Ability. The National Law School of India University, Bengaluru (NLSIU) started this exam and use the test for selecting students for its Public Policy Programme.
2014 (Oct 3): 2014 Muzaffarnagar triple murder was the brutal murder of three factory laborers in Bahadurpur India which led to communal tension.
2014 (Dec 1):[Music] Aviici's The Nights. Tim Bergling, known professionally as Avicii, was a Swedish DJ, remixer, record producer, musician and songwriter. At the age of 16, Bergling began posting his remixes on electronic music forums, which led to his first record deal. He rose to prominence in 2011 with his single "Levels".
2014 (Dec 15):[Space] third "tsunami wave" of coronal mass ejections from the Sun towards Voyager 1 ended.
2014:[Research] Duan Baoyan of the Xidian University School of Electromechanical Engineering and his colleagues first presented the proposal for space-based solar power called OMEGA, which stands for Orb-Shape Membrane Energy Gathering Array. A 246-foot-tall (75-meter) steel tower on Xidian University's southern campus houses the space-based solar power plant, arguably tested completely on Jun 5, 2022 as the "world's first full-link and full-system solar power plant". The Xidian University power plant will theoretically connect to orbital satellites that will capture solar electricity 24 hours a day, seven days a week due to their geostationary orbits, before beaming that energy down to Earth through high-frequency microwave beams. The power plant will include five subsystems dedicated to the development of space-based solar power arrays.
2014:[Computing][Quantum] Physicists used a similar device (2012: 4-qubit) to factor 56,153.
2014:[Computing][Quantum] Google hired John Martinis, a renowned quantum physicist from UC Santa Barbara, to lead its own quantum hardware team. Google has also collaborated with NASA and other institutions to test and benchmark quantum systems.
2014:[Culture] In Belgium too, names are not changed after marriage. Before 2014, they had a law that said a child would have to take the father's name, but that no longer exists; children can now be given the surname of either mother or father.
2014 (Sep):[www][Culture] The Dinosaur Game is a browser game developed by Google and built into the Google Chrome web browser. The player guides a pixelated Tyrannosaurus rex across a side-scrolling landscape, avoiding obstacles to achieve a higher score. The game was created by members of the Chrome UX team in 2014.
2014 (Mar 9):[www][Culture] 2048 is a single-player sliding tile puzzle video game written by Italian web developer Gabriele Cirulli and published on GitHub.
2014:[FnB] Social first opened in the heart of Bengaluru — on Church Street, six years ago. Founded by CEO and Managing Director of Impresario Handmade Restaurants Riyaaz Amlani, it wasn't just a cafe and co-working space, but also a city hotspot that came alive at night with its bar. [22 Feb 2020]
2014:[Mntngg][Book] Training for the New Alpinism: A Manual for the Climber as Athlete Paperback – Illustrated, 3 April 2014. Born Again on the Mountain: A Story of Losing Everything and Finding It Back [Paperback] Arunima Sinha Paperback – 1 January 2014
2014:[Env][Mntngg] Based on 2014 Landsat image, total area of the Dokriani Glacier is 6.34 ± 0.16 sqkm with a total length of 5.75 ± 0.06 km
2014:[www] The HackRF project, which led to the development of the HackRF One software-defined radio (SDR) peripheral, was started by Michael Ossmann. The initial concept and hardware design were part of a project to create a low-cost, open-source SDR platform. A successful Kickstarter campaign in 2014 launched the first production run of the HackRF. Michael Ossmann is the principal designer of the HackRF and the founder of Great Scott Gadgets, the company that manufactures it. The project emphasizes open-source hardware and software, using components with publicly available documentation and avoiding closed-source software libraries, according to Kali Linux.
The maximum RX power of HackRF One is -5 dBm. Exceeding -5 dBm can result in permanent damage! In theory, HackRF One can safely accept up to 10 dBm with the front-end RX amplifier disabled. However, a simple software or user error could enable the amplifier, resulting in permanent damage.
2014:The number of attempts for the UPSC civil services exam was increased to six for the General category candidates in 2014. This change was implemented with the Civil Services Examination (CSE) of 2014, according to the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC). Prior to this, the General category had only four attempts. The age limit for the General category was also increased from 30 to 32 years
2014:[SpaceX] 2014 AA was a small Apollo near-Earth asteroid roughly 2–4 meters in diameter that struck Earth on 2 January 2014. It was discovered on 1 January 2014 by Richard Kowalski at the Mount Lemmon Survey at an apparent magnitude of 19 using a 1.52-meter reflecting telescope at Mount Lemmon Observatory. Wikipedia Discoverer: Richard Kowalski Orbital period: 0.0003 hours Discovered: 1 January 2014 Asteroid group: Apollo asteroid Earth MOID: 4.54412×10−7 AU (67.9791 km)
2014:[SpaceX] 2014 RC was a small, near-Earth asteroid, roughly the size of a house, that passed very close to Earth on September 7, 2014, at a distance of about 40,000 km (10% of the distance to the Moon). Discovered just days before its close approach, the asteroid posed no threat to Earth, but its close flyby provided a unique opportunity for scientists to study a near-Earth object.
2014:[Marketing] Flipkart's first Big Billion Day was a one-day sale held on October 6, 2014, aiming to create unprecedented hype and achieve significant gross sales in India's e-commerce landscape. Flipkart's first Big Billion Day in October 2014 aimed for ₹600 crore ($100 million) in gross sales, with the sale eventually exceeding this by selling goods worth $100 million in just 10 hours, though the event also generated significant customer complaints due to technical issues, website crashes, and products going "sold out" rapidly. The response was so overwhelming that Flipkart received three lakh (300,000) orders in just the first 6 hours of the sale.
2015:[GeoPolitics][Business] Kazakhstan membership approved for Ashgabat Agreement.
2015:[Research] Gravitational waves from colliding black holes were first detected.
2015:[Research] The event referred to was the merger of two black holes approximately 1.3 billion years ago, creating a single, more massive black hole and releasing gravitational waves that were detected on Earth on September 14, 2015, by the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) scientists. This historic detection, known as GW150914, was the first direct observation of gravitational waves and a monumental confirmation of Einstein's theory of general relativity, opening a new window into observing the universe.
2015 (Jan 1): Planning Commission has been replaced by NITI Aayog.
2015:[Book] Ashlee Vance's Elon Musk: Tesla, SpaceX, and the Quest for a Fantastic Future. Elon Musk. How The Billionaire Ceo Of Spacex And Tesla Is Shaping Our Future
2015 (Jan 21): Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana was launched by the Prime Minister Mr. Narendra Modi under the Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao Campaign.
2015 (Feb):[Crime][India] a special TADA court awarded Salem life imprisonment for murdering Mumbai-based builder Pradeep Jain in 1995, along with his driver Mehndi Hassan.
2015 (Feb 1): Lok Sabha's Budget Session starts.
2015 (Feb 7): Delhi's 6th Legislative Assembly election held to elect 70 members of the Sixth Legislative Assembly of Delhi.
2015 (Feb 10): Delhi's 6th Legislative Assembly's election results were announced. The Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) secured an absolute majority in the assembly, winning 67 of the 70 seats.
2015 (Feb 11):[Space][Sun] Deep Space Climate Observatory is a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration space weather, space climate, and Earth observation satellite. It was launched by SpaceX on a Falcon 9 v1.1 launch vehicle on 11 February 2015, from Cape Canaveral.
2015 (Feb 10): Delhi's 6th Legislative Assembly's election results were announced. The Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) secured an absolute majority in the assembly, winning 67 of the 70 seats.
2015 (Feb 11):[Space][Sun] Deep Space Climate Observatory is a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration space weather, space climate, and Earth observation satellite. It was launched by SpaceX on a Falcon 9 v1.1 launch vehicle on 11 February 2015, from Cape Canaveral.
2015 (Feb 20): Veteran CPI leader Govind Pansare and his wife Uma were attacked on Monday morning after two unknown assailants fired at them in front of their house in Kolhapur. In 1984, he wrote a popular book called Shivaji Kon Hota (Who was Shivaji).
The incident took place around 8 am outside Ideal Housing Society, when the two were returning home after their daily morning walk from Shivaji University in Kolhapur. The police said that while Pansare was hit by bullets on the nape of his neck and one brushed his hand, while his wife Uma suffered a single bullet injury.
2015 (Mar 10):[Book][Fiction] American writer Hanya Yanagihara's A Little Life. The book was written over the course of eighteen months.
2015 (Apr): Lenovo A6000+ was announced.
2015 (Apr): Rukawat Ke Liye Khed Hai is a TV show which airs on Sab TV, started its first season from 26 April 2015. It is hosted by Karan Singhmar.
2015 (May 26): 1st Anniversary of NaMo Gov.
2015 (May 30): Lok Sabha's Budget Session ends after 120 days or 4 months.
2015 (May 26): 1st Anniversary of NaMo Gov.
2015 (May 30): Lok Sabha's Budget Session ends after 120 days or 4 months.
2015 (May):[Business][Food] Food safety regulators from Barabanki, a district of Uttar Pradesh, India reported that samples of Maggi 2 Minute Noodles had unexpectedly high levels of monosodium glutamate (MSG), as well as up to 17 times the permissible limit of lead. This finding led to multiple market withdrawals and investigations in India and beyond. Nestlé maintained that the levels of MSG are naturally occurring, but agreed to remove the "No added MSG" label. Nestlé also questioned the reliability of the lead test, as no lead issues were found by health agencies in Singapore and the US. Bombay High Court agrees that the test may be unreliable, and ordered a re-test in three separate laboratories.
2015 (Oct):[Business][Food] The noodles were found safe. In addition, Nestlé insisted that testing should be done on the product as it is eaten (as opposed to testing the "tastemaker" flavoring powder alone), but this argument was not accepted by the court.
2015 (Jun 16): Donald Trump officially announced his candidacy for President of the United States at Trump Tower in New York City. In the speech, Trump drew attention to domestic issues such as illegal immigration, offshoring of American jobs, the U.S. national debt, and Islamic terrorism, which all remained large themes during the campaign. He also announced his campaign slogan, "Make America Great Again.
2015 (Jun 21): Int'l Yoga Day launched at Raj Path-Delhi (recorded 40,000 partcipants), Tihar Jail-Delhi, Siachen-J&K, underneath the Eiffel Tower-Paris, schools of Afghanistan, Times Square- NYC, TelAviv- Israel, etc. (Total 84 nations).
2015 (Jun 21): Int'l Yoga Day launched at Raj Path-Delhi (recorded 40,000 partcipants), Tihar Jail-Delhi, Siachen-J&K, underneath the Eiffel Tower-Paris, schools of Afghanistan, Times Square- NYC, TelAviv- Israel, etc. (Total 84 nations).
2015 (Jul): The Iran nuclear agreement, formally known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), is a landmark accord reached between Iran and several world powers, including the United States. Iran Nuclear Deal. The Iran nuclear agreement, formally known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), is a landmark accord reached between Iran and several world powers, including the United States.
2015 (Jul): Digital India is a campaign launched by the Government of India to ensure that Government services are made available to citizens electronically by improving online infrastructure and by increasing Internet connectivity or by making the country digitally empowered in the field of technology.
2015 (Jul): Skill India launched.
2015 (Aug 18): Cochin International Airport became the world's first fully solar powered airport with the inauguration of a dedicated solar plant.2015 (Aug 28): the Finance Minister of India said that with Close to 18 Crore Bank Accounts Opened Under the PMJDY with deposit of more than 22000 crores and Nearly Every Household having a Bank Account.
2015 (8:40AM, Sun, Aug 30): Dr MM Kalburgi (78), the former vice chancellor of Kannada University, Hampi, answered the doorbell at his home in Dharwad at around 8.40 am when he was shot at from a point-blank range on his forehead (The bullet pierced through his head ) and chest for denouncing superstition and idol worship was shot dead by two unidentified assailants at his home in Kalyan Nagar, Dharwad over the weekend. (also, for criticizing idol worship as a “meaningless ritual” during a seminar in 2014.)
2015 (Sep 1): The Union Minister of Human Resource Development Smt. Smriti Irani announced that the number of scholarships under National Talent Search Scheme will be doubled to 2000 from existing 1000 while speaking on the occasion of 55th Foundation Day celebration of the NCERT in New Delhi. However there is nothing such according to NCERT officials.
2015 (Sep 1): The Union Minister of Human Resource Development Smt. Smriti Irani announced that the number of scholarships under National Talent Search Scheme will be doubled to 2000 from existing 1000 while speaking on the occasion of 55th Foundation Day celebration of the NCERT in New Delhi. However there is nothing such according to NCERT officials.
2015 (mid-night, Sep 28): Dadri Mob Lynching refers to case of mob lynching in which a mob of Hindu people attacked a Muslim family on the night of 28 September 2015 in Bisara village near Dadri, Uttar Pradesh, India. The attackers killed 52-year-old Mohammad Akhlaq Saifi (Ikhlaq according to some sources) and seriously injured his son, 22-year-old Danish.
2015 (Oct 20):[Book][Military] Jocko Willink & Leif Babin's Extreme Ownership: How U.S. Navy SEALs Lead and Win;
Way of the Warrior Kid: From Wimpy to Warrior the Navy SEAL Way: A Novel (2017, May 2);
Discipline Equals Freedom: Field Manual (2017, Oct 17);
Marc's Mission: Way of the Warrior Kid (2018, Apr 24);
The Dichotomy of Leadership: Balancing the Challenges of Extreme Ownership to Lead and Win (2018, Sep 1);
Mikey and the Dragons - Empowering Kids to Overcome Their Fears! (2018, Nov 15);
Way of the Warrior Kid 3: Where there's a Will... (2019, May 28);
Leadership Strategy and Tactics: Field Manual (2020, Jan 14);
Way of the Warrior Kid: From Wimpy to Warrior the Navy SEAL Way: A Novel (2017, May 2);
Discipline Equals Freedom: Field Manual (2017, Oct 17);
Marc's Mission: Way of the Warrior Kid (2018, Apr 24);
The Dichotomy of Leadership: Balancing the Challenges of Extreme Ownership to Lead and Win (2018, Sep 1);
Mikey and the Dragons - Empowering Kids to Overcome Their Fears! (2018, Nov 15);
Way of the Warrior Kid 3: Where there's a Will... (2019, May 28);
Leadership Strategy and Tactics: Field Manual (2020, Jan 14);
2015 (Oct 26):[Crime][India] Rajan was arrested in Bali. Acting on a tip-off from Australian police, Indonesian authorities detained Rajan on Sunday as he arrived in Bali from Sydney.
2015: the number of international migrants worldwide stood at almost 244 million. that means almost 3.3 percent of the world’s population is not living in their home country.
2015 (Nov 3):[Book] Jesse Itzler's Living with a SEAL: 31 Days Training with the Toughest Man on the Planet.
2015 (Nov 06):[Crime][India] Rajan extradited to India and is currently in Tihar Jail, awaiting trial in almost 70 cases.
2015 (Nov 15):[www][Culture] Criminal Case is a detective-themed hidden object game released on November 15, 2012 for Facebook.
2015:[Military][Education] Virus SW 80 Garud - Special variant of the SW 80 developed for the Indian Ministry of Defence in 2015. 194 units were manufactured and delivered by September 2019. On 12 October 2015, Pipistrel won an international tender issued by the Indian Ministry of Defence, to supply 194 light trainers to the National Cadet Corps (110 aircraft), Indian Air Force (72 aircraft), and Indian Navy (12 aircraft).[18][19][20] The two-seat Pipistrel Virus SW 80 aircraft, known as the Garud after a bird in Hindu mythology, would be used for training of Flight Safety and Air Wing Cadets.[18][19] By September 2019, all 194 aircraft had been delivered.
2015:[Music] Bewajah by Nabeel Shaukat Ali - Original Soundtrack (OST) - Coke Studio Pak S8
2015:[Music] Maroon 5's Sugar by Interscope Records.
2015:[Music] Alan Walker's Faded shot at Tallinn, Estonia. Alan Olav Walker (Born: 24 August 1997 (age 24 years), Northampton, UK) is a British-Norwegian DJ, YouTuber and record producer, primarily known for the critically acclaimed single "Faded", which was certified platinum in 14 countries. Other songs include "Sing Me to Sleep", "Alone", "Darkside", and "Routine", all of which attracted millions of views.
2015:[Music] Wiz Khalifa's See You Again ft. Charlie Puth, was written for the seventh installment of the mass favourite “Fast and Furious” movie series, “Furious 7,” which was released in 2015, nearly a year and a half after actor Paul Walker died in a car accident.
2015:[Book] Humorist Jenny Lawson's Furiously Happy.
2015:[Env] The Paris Agreement (French: Accord de Paris), often referred to as the Paris Accords or the Paris Climate Accords, is an international treaty on climate change, adopted in 2015. It covers climate change mitigation, adaptation, and finance. The Agreement was negotiated by 196 parties at the 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference near Paris, France.
2015:[Technology][Music][Research][Computing] LDAC is a proprietary audio coding technology developed by Sony, which allows streaming high-resolution audio over Bluetooth connections at up to 990 kbps at 24 bit/96 kHz. It is used by various products, including headphones, earphones, smartphones, portable media players, active speakers, and home theaters.
2015 (Dec 10):[Computing][AI] Musk co-founded OpenAI, in part to address existential risk from artificial intelligence.
2015:[Env][Disaster] Tamil Nadu floods Chennai, Cuddalore and Andhra Pradesh named 2015 South Indian floods, 450 deaths
2015:[Marketing] The Amazon Great Indian Festival first began in 2015. It is an annual shopping event by Amazon India held around festivals like Diwali, offering significant discounts and deals on various products.
2015:[Adventure][Cinema] "Walking the Himalayas" can refer to the popular documentary series by Levison Wood about his 2015-2016 trek across the mountain range from Afghanistan to Bhutan. Major Levison James Wood, FRSA FRGS FRSGS, VR (Born: 5 May 1982 (age 43 years), Staffordshire, United Kingdom) is a British Army officer and explorer. He is best known for his extended walking expeditions in Africa, Asia, and Central America. He has also undertaken numerous other overland journeys, including a foot crossing of Madagascar and mountain climbing in Iraq.
2015:[India][GoI] PRAGATI (Pro-Active Governance and Timely Implementation), launched on March 25, 2015, by the Prime Minister's Office (PMO), is a multi-modal platform designed to fast-track, monitor, and review critical infrastructure projects and central/state schemes. It boosts cooperative federalism, addressing grievances and project bottlenecks through monthly, technology-driven video-conferencing with secretaries and state officials.
2015:[silvics][India][who] Mr. Jadav Payeng (now the Forest Man of India) was honoured with Padma Shri, the fourth highest civilian award in India. He received honorary doctorate degree from Assam Agricultural University and Kaziranga University for his contributions.
2016:[GeoPolitics][Business] In July 2016, Greece announced they were considering joining TRACECA activities as an observer. In March 2018, Greece was granted observer status during a meeting held in Yerevan (sometimes spelled Erevan), the capital and largest city of Armenia, as well as one of the world's oldest continuously inhabited cities. Situated along the Hrazdan River, Yerevan is the administrative, cultural, and industrial centre of the country, as its primate city.
2016:[GeoPolitics][Business] Pakistan joined the Ashgabat Agreement in November 2016.
2016:[Disaster] There are currently more than 400 nuclear reactors in operation around the world, with 65 new ones under construction and another 165 on order or planned. All operating nuclear power plants are generating large quantities of nuclear waste that will need to be stored for thousands of years to come.
2016:[Computing][Quantum] Quil is a quantum instruction set architecture (ISA) that first introduced a shared quantum/classical memory model. It was introduced by Robert Smith, Michael Curtis, and William Zeng in A Practical Quantum Instruction Set Architecture. Many quantum algorithms (including quantum teleportation, quantum error correction, simulation, and optimization algorithms) require a shared memory architecture. Quil is being developed for the superconducting quantum processors developed by Rigetti Computing through the Forest quantum programming API.A Python library called pyQuil was introduced to develop Quil programs with higher level constructs. A Quil backend is also supported by other quantum programming environments.
2016 (Jan): Start-up India launched.
2016 (Jan):[Book] American investigative journalist and staff writer for The New Yorker Jane Mayer's Dark Money: The Hidden History of the Billionaires Behind the Rise of the Radical Right
2016 (Jan 1):[Book] Tim Ferris Tools of Titans: The Tactics, Routines, and Habits of Billionaires, Icons, and World-Class Performers; Tribe of Mentors: Short Life Advice from the Best in the World (2017); The 4-Hour Body (2010); The 4-Hour Chef: The Simple Path to Cooking Like a Pro, Learning Anything, and Living the Good Life (2012)
2016 (Jan 1):[Book] Phil Knight's Shoe Dog: A Memoir by the Creator of Nike
2016 (Jan 1):[Book] Angela Duckworth's Grit: The Power of Passion and Perseverance
2016 (Jan 4):[Book][Military][Sports] Levison Wood published his travelogue Walking the Himalayas: An Adventure of Survival and Endurance, after his most challenging expedition yet begins along the Silk Road route of Afghanistan and travels through five countries, ending in Bhutan.
2016 (Jan 6):[Book] Sasha O'Hara's Calm the F*ck Down: An Irreverent Adult Coloring Book
2016 (Jan 12): When Breath Becomes Air is a non-fiction autobiographical book written by American neurosurgeon Paul Kalanithi. It is a memoir about his life and illness, battling stage IV metastatic lung cancer. It was posthumously published by Random House. With the book, Paul wanted to help people understand death and face their mortality.
2016:[Cinema][Research] Life Behind the Stars - A scientist decides to tell a fascinating story. He wants to find a link between the stars that make up our universe and life on Earth.
2016 (Jan 24): Comedy Nights With Kapil stopped getting premiered on Colors TV.
2016 (Feb): The takeover of the three colonies, DLF phases 1,2, 3 as well as Sushant Lok 1, and Palam Vihar, by the Municipal Corporation of Gurugram (MCG) was announced by Haryana chief minister Manohar Lal Khattar. Both Sushant Lok 1 and Palam Vihar were transferred to the MCG in 2019.
2016 (Mar): an American drone killed 150 people in Somalia.
2016 (12:00 IST, Sun, Apr 24): Inauguration of a joint conference of chief ministers and chief justices of high courts, that the PM also attended. An overworked Chief Justice
2016 (IST 12:50 PM, Apr 28): IRNSS-1G//PSLV-C33, the seventh and the last IRNSS satellite for NAVIC. The project costed around ₹12/Indian Citizen.
2016 (May):[Computing][Quantum] IBM Quantum Platform, the service was launched as the IBM Quantum Experience with a 5 qubit quantum processor and matching simulator connected in a star shaped pattern. At this time, users could only interact with the hardware through the quantum composer GUI. Quantum circuits were also limited to the specific two-qubit gates available on the hardware.
2016 (May): PM Narendra Modi launched 11 solar-powered e-boats in Varanasi, in a move to reach out to Mallah community.2016 (May 17):[Book] Chris Voss · Tahl Raz, Chris Anderson & Carmine Gallo's Never Split the Difference: Negotiating As If Your Life Depended On It
2016 (May 17):[Book] Siddhartha Mukherjee's The Gene: An Intimate History
2016 (May 26): 2nd Anniversary of NaMo Gov.
2016 (May 29): Ruby Ray, the topper of Arts of Bihar School Examination Board's intermediate exam thinks that the subject of Political Science is about one's cooking skills. What's worse is the fact that she could not even pronounce the name Political Science correctly, calling it 'Prodigal Science'. Ray could not even pronounce the name of her subjects properly in spite of scoring 444 out of 500.
2016 (Jun 3): Md. Ali, all-time boxing legend died aged 74 in Phoenix, Arizona after a 32-year battle with Parkinson's disease.
2016 (Jun 3): Md. Ali, all-time boxing legend died aged 74 in Phoenix, Arizona after a 32-year battle with Parkinson's disease.
2016 (Jun 14):[Book] Ryan Holiday's Ego Is the Enemy
2016 (Jul): About 38 lakh graduate aspirants applied for Staff Selection Commission's Combined Graduate Level Exam 2016 (SSC-CGLE). The SSC is one of the largest recruiting agencies in the country mandated to conduct eight exams. It will fill about 89,000 government posts this year alone from among about 2 crore applicants. The Commission’s flagship CGLE is for filling vacancies in 30 different services in the central government.
2016 (Jul 15): Dev-Shayani Ekadashi (देवशयनी एकादशी). Today, Lord Vishnu (husband of Goddess Laxmi) goes to sleep for four months and will wake up when the rainy season haults, on Nov 10 i.e. on Dev-Uthani Ekadashi (देवउठनी एकादशी). Earlier, he used to keep sleeping for lakhs and crores of years and meanwhile the whole universe get destroyed due to the absence of a just-leadership.
2016 (Jul 20): Artem Vaulin, 30, of Kharkiv (Ukraine) was arrested in Poland as he was alleged to own Kickass Torrents.
2016 (Aug): the total number of humans currently living are 7.4 billion (i.e. )
2016 (Aug): the total number of humans currently living are 7.4 billion (i.e. )
2016 (Aug 15): Hon'ble Justice T S Thakur expressed disappointment over the silence of “popular” and “nationalist” PM NaMo over issues of “justice” and “appointment of judges” during his address to a gathering on the Supreme Court lawns after hoisting the Tricolour.
The CJI also recited a couplet in Urdu to underline the problems faced by the judiciary. “Gul phenkein auron par, balki samar bhi. ae abr-e-karam ae bahre sakha kuch to idhar bhi (you have strewn flowers and thrown fruits in others’ direction but I am waiting here as well),” he said.
2016 (May): Railway Recruitment Board organized the world’s largest Computer Based Test throughout India for about 92 lakh candidates, to discover skilled and eligible workforce for 18,252 available posts under Non-Technical Popular Categories (Graduate) vide Centralized Employment Notice 03/2015.The CJI also recited a couplet in Urdu to underline the problems faced by the judiciary. “Gul phenkein auron par, balki samar bhi. ae abr-e-karam ae bahre sakha kuch to idhar bhi (you have strewn flowers and thrown fruits in others’ direction but I am waiting here as well),” he said.
2016 (2:30AM to 8:00AM, Sep 29): the surgical strikes conducted by the Indian Army along the Line of Control.
2016 (May 23): India's First Reusable Launch Vehicle, RLV-TD (Tech Demo) successfully launched from SDSC, Andhra Pradesh.
2016 (Thu, Jun 23): Brexit (
2016 (Jul 13): after losing the Brexit polls, Britain's David Cameron resigned from the Office of the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. Britain has got a new Prime Minister - Theresa May.
Like Mr Cameron, Mrs May was against Britain leaving the EU but she says she will respect the will of the people. She has said "Brexit means Brexit" but there is still a lot of debate about what that will mean in practice especially on the two key issues of how British firms do business in the European Union and what curbs are brought in on the rights of European Union nationals to live and work in the UK.
2016 (Jul 29):[Music] "Closer" is a song by American DJ duo the Chainsmokers featuring American singer Halsey. Andrew Taggart (one half of the Chainsmokers) also provides his vocals in the song.
2016 (Sep 1): RIL chairman, Mukesh Ambani launched Jio, goal to acquire .
2016 (Sep 8):[research][cosmos] The OSIRIS-REx spacecraft launched on September 8, 2016, from Cape Canaveral, Florida. The launch vehicle was a United Launch Alliance Atlas V 411 rocket, and the launch site was Space Launch Complex 41. OSIRIS-REx is an acronym for "Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, and Security – Regolith Explorer" The goal of the mission was to collect a sample from near-Earth asteroid 101955 Bennu (formerly known as 1999 RQ36) and then bring the sample to Earth. The OSIRIS-REx mission was launched by NASA in September 2016, with an aim to collect and carry at least 60 g (2.1 oz) asteroid samples in 2020 and back to Earth for ...
2016 (Sep 13):[Book] Mark Manson's The Subtle Art of Not Giving a Fuck. Everything Is Fucked: A Book About Hope (2019 May); Manson's first book, Models: Attract Women Through Honesty, was self-published in 2011.[9] It was reissued by Pan Macmillan Australia in 2017.
2016 (Oct): half of the Syria's 22 million people have been either killed or displaced (4,50,000 are dead, 11 million displaced) by US.
2016 (Oct): the UP Board prepared the results of nearly 32,00,000 students of X and XII.
2016 (Oct): the UP Board prepared the results of nearly 32,00,000 students of X and XII.
2016 (Oct 18):[Book] Ryan Holiday & Stephen Hanselman's The Daily Stoic: 366 Meditations on Wisdom, Perseverance, and the Art of Living
2016 (Oct 22):[Book] Gary John Bishop's Unfu*k Yourself: Get Out of Your Head and Into Your Life;
Stop Doing That Sh*t: End Self-Sabotage and Demand Your Life Back (2019, Jan 1)
Do the Work: The Official Unrepentant, Ass-Kicking, No-Kidding, Change-Your-Life Sidekick to Unfu*k Yourself (2019, Oct 22)
Wise As Fu*k: Simple Truths to Guide You Through the Sh*tstorms of Life (2020, Oct 13);
2016 (Nov 9): Presidential Elections in US
2016 (6:00 PM IST, Tue, Nov 8): Narendra Modi addressed to the nation on demonetizing existing Rs.500 and Rs. 1000 currency notes.
2016 (12:00AM IST, Wed, Nov 9): Rs.500 and Rs.1000 currency notes ceased to be the legal tender. these notes will not be acceptable for transactions from now-onwards. It was done to assault on black money, terror financing, counterfeit notes and corruption.
2016 (Nov 10): Dev-Uthani Ekadashi (देवउठनी एकादशी). Hindu Marriage Season starts.
2016 (Nov 14): Margashish month begins.
2016 (Nov 15):[Book] Bernie Sanders's Our Revolution: A Future to Believe In
2016 (Nov 16): Winter Session starts. Day one of the winter session of Parliament of India.
2016 (8:00PM, Tue, Nov 8): NaMo, PM of India address to the nation has begun regrding the ban of Rs 500 and Rs 1000 INR notes as legal tender .
2016 (Nov 17):[Energy][India] "As on October 31, 2016, Solar Energy Projects with an aggregate capacity of over 8727.62 MW have been installed in the country," New and Renewable Energy Minister Piyush Goyal said in written reply to Lok Sabha today. (1MW powers-up 700 to 1000 residential homes.)2016: 4000 entries for Commonwealth Short Story Prize.
2016 (Nov 26): as of this day, 107 crore Aadhar numbers have been authenticated out of 108 crores issued to the nation of 130 crores.
2016 (Dec 14): Poornima (Full Moon)
2016 (Dec 21): Winter Solstice in the Northern Hemisphere. Day light will begin to increase.
2016 (Dec 26): U.P Government government cleared the inclusion of 17 Other Backward Castes- Kahar, Kashyap, Kewat, Nishad, Bind, Bhar, Prajapati, Rajbhar, Batham, Gauriya, Turha, Majhi, Mallah, Kumhar, Dheemar, Dheewar and Machhua, in the Scheduled Castes (SC) category.
2016 (Dec 29): Amavasya (New Moon)
2016: GST (Goods and Service Tax) bill was passed by both the houses.
2016: SCRA was discontinued.
1. Demonetization
2. PV Sindhu winning Olympics silver
3. India kind of getting united against attacks on Indian Army in Kashmir
4. First BJP Govt in Assam
5. Death of Jayalalitha
6. Irom Sharmila ending her fast
7. JNU issue and Kanhaiya Kumar
8. Rohith Vemula suicide issue
9. GST bill pass
10. Kaveri water dispute in Karnataka
2016: Hyperinflation in Venezuela began is the currency instability in Venezuela that began in 2016 during the country's ongoing socioeconomic and political crisis. Venezuela began experiencing continuous and uninterrupted inflation in 1983, with double-digit annual inflation rates. Inflation rates became the highest in the world in 2014 under Nicolás Maduro, and continued to increase in the following years, with inflation exceeding 1,000,000% by 2018. In comparison to previous hyperinflationary episodes, the ongoing hyperinflation crisis is more severe than those of Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Nicaragua, and Peru in the 1980s and 1990s, and that of Zimbabwe in the late-2000s.
2016:[Book][Military] UK's former special forces soldier, Matthew Ollerton (aka Ollie Ollerton) publishes SAS: Who Dares Wins; Break Point (2019), Scar Tissue (2020), Battle ready, All or Nothing.
2016:[Corporate][India] The National High Speed Rail Corporation Limited (NHSRCL) has been incorporated since 2016 to manage the High Speed Rail Corridor in India. It is under the ownership of Indian Railways, Ministry of Railways, Government of India.
2016 (Sep 18):[Military] Attack on Uri, India
2016:[Music] Various Pakistani artists like Fawad Khan, Atif Aslam, Rahat Fateh Ali Khan, Mahira Khan and others have amassed a huge fan following in India. After the URI attack in 2016, Pakistani artists were banned from performing in India.
2016 (Feb 20):[www][Culture] Ludo King is a free-to-play mobile game application developed by Gametion Technologies Pvt Ltd, a game studio based in Navi Mumbai, India. Gametion is owned by Vikash Jaiswal. The game is developed on the Unity game engine and is available on Android, iOS, Kindle, Windows Phone and Microsoft Windows platforms.
2016:[Mntngg] Conrad Anker had a heart attack in 2016 during an attempted ascent of Lunag Ri with David Lama. He was flown via helicopter to Kathmandu where he underwent emergency coronary angioplasty with a stent placed in his proximal left anterior descending artery. Afterwards he retired from high altitude mountaineering, but otherwise he continues his work. He lives in Bozeman, Montana, USA.
2016:Firstsource has made several acquisitions. Most recently, they acquired UK-based customer experience provider Ascensos in September 2024. Firstsource acquired Ascensos, a UK-based customer experience outsourcing partner, in September 2024 for £42 million (approximately US$56 million).
They also acquired Chennai-based medical billing firm, Quintessence Business Solutions & Services, an India-based provider of outsourced revenue cycle management, in May 2024 for ₹327.8 crore (approximately US$39 million). .
2016:[Env][Disaster] Indian floods by monsoon rain, 8k deaths
2016:[SpaceX] HIP 41378 f is an exoplanet orbiting around the F-type star HIP 41378. It is the outermost planet of its system and notable for the possibility that the planet may host circumplanetary debris rings. It is located within the optimistic habitable zone of its parent star. Wikipedia Mean radius: 9.2±0.1 R🜨 (or 3.7+0.3; −0.2 R🜨 with rings) Orbits: HIP 41378 Discovered: June 2016. HIP 41378 f is a recently discovered, unusually low-density exoplanet, potentially a "super-puff" or a planet with a massive, tilted ring system, that orbits the star HIP 41378. Its low density of 0.09 g/cm³ is the main point of interest, as it defies typical formation theories for planets with its orbit. The presence of rings around the planet is a strong hypothesis to explain its expanded size and low density, according to research published in 2024 on arXiv.org.
2016:[Marketing] Cow & Gate commissioned Imogen Heap to compose and test "The Happy Song" in 2016. The song was designed to scientifically make babies happy and incorporated sounds like sneezes and animal noises, which were reported to be popular with parents.
2016 (Jun 9): Big Brother's Andrew Tate revealed to have made homophobic and racist comments on Twitter. Many want Andrew removed from the competition for the racist and homophobic tweets, especially since Channel 5 has acted on offensive comments from the past before - as recently as 2015.
2016:[Disaster] Caution: the need to wear closed footwear, long trousers and sleeves, not to stray from the roads and paths, which had been cleaned, not to touch or eat or drink anything in the open air, and to wash ourselves and our clothes thoroughly after we left. We were stopped at check points at the entries to the 30 km outer and 10 km inner zones and checked for radiation when we left.Visit to Chernobyl's sarcophagus by 12-14 OSU students. An enduring memory of our visit will be the forest that has returned to the town. Public squares, sidewalks, roads, the sports field, amusement park, even the insides of buildings have been taken over by the native vegetation. Pripiat’ is now a thirty-year-old forest. We saw not just trees, but flowers, insects (including butterflies), birds, and caught glimpses of larger mammals that live in the forest, large cat fishes in the cooling pond. The cat fishes’ size was not because they were radioactive mutants, but because they were left in peace by their main predators: humans. Abundance of wild life, especially large mammals, including bears, wolves, deer, living in the exclusion zone largely abandoned by people.
2016:[tech] Apple removed the 3.5mm headphone jack from the iPhone 7 and introduced AirPods, it seemed that wired earphones would become history. Most companies followed suit.
2016:[China] Forest City is a $100 billion, Chinese-led "ghost town" project (spans 7,000 acres across four reclaimed islands) initiated in 2016 by Country Garden, China's largest property developer, located at the southern tip of Malaysia near Singapore. Intended for 700,000 to one million residents, this ocean-reclaimed city aimed to create a luxurious, eco-friendly metropolis for Chinese buyers, but it has only reached roughly 1% occupancy due to capital constraints and market failure.
2017:[Computing][Quantum] Rigetti develops a cloud platform called Forest that enables programmers to write quantum algorithms.
2017 (Jan 1):[Book][Military] Admiral William H. McRaven's Make Your Bed: Little Things That Can Change Your Life...And Maybe the World;
2017 (Jan 1):[Book] Francesc Miralles & Héctor García's Ikigai: The Japanese Secret to a Long and Happy Life
2017 (Jan 12): 32nd National Youth Day (Swami Vivekanand's B'day)
2017 (Jan 13): Happy Bonfire, celebrated by Punjabi people of Sikh faith awa Hindu faith.
2017 (Jan 14): Spring has Come. Magh Starts. Khichdi. Farmers' Harvest Fest. Uttarayana. exchange of bananas, sugarcane, red-berries, haldi and kumkum among women in K'taka. rice, coconut, jaggery, sesame in Odisha, paddy and the date palm syrup in WB, transition of the sun into the zodiacal sign of Capricorn on its celestial path. Russia, US, & PNG. Beginning of the Capricorn period under the sidereal zodiac.
2017 (Jan 19): Swami Vivekananda's 154th Birth Anniversary.
2017 (6PM, Jan 25): sun sets in Delhi, India.
2017 (7PM, Jan 25): Eve of Republic Day starts. Announcements of Winners, Awards, Medals, Greetings by VP, Curtain Raiser, Cultural prog.
2017 (19:00 IST, Jan 25): Address by the President of India on the eve of the Republic Day of India.
2017 (Jan 26):
2017 (Jan 27): Full-Moon/Poornima/
2017 (Jan 28): Navratri Day 1 (Pratipada/Prathma): Shailputri
2017 (Jan 29): Brahmacharini
2017 (Jan 30): Chandraghanta
2017 (Jan 31): Kushmanda
2017 (Feb 1): Skandamata
2017 (Feb 2): Katyayani
2017 (Feb 3): Kalaratri
2017 (Feb 4): Durga or Mahagauri
2017 (Feb 5): Siddhidatri
2017 (Feb 6): Magha/Gupta Navratri Ends.
2017 (Mar 20): Exercising extraordinary jurisdiction vested in Uttarakhand High Court, a division bench of Justices Rajeev Sharma and Alok Singh of the High Court said, "Holy rivers Ganga and Yamuna have been declared to be treated as a living human entities." Agreeing with advocate MC Pant, the court cited the example of river Whanganui in New Zealand which has been given such status.
2017 (Mar 22): GoI's New Year. Saka Year 1939 begins.
2017 (Mar 24): Actress Manju Warrier trasnformed herself into Aami (Kamla das) )as Kamal's magnum opus film's shoot begins in Punnayoorkkulam.
2017 (Mar 28): Indian New Year. Vikram Samvat 2074 begins.
2017 (Jan 3): T. S. Thakur of J&K HC turns 65 and hence resigns from the post of CJI.
2017 (Jan 5): 350th Birth Anniversary of Guru Gobind Singh2017 (Jan 12): 32nd National Youth Day (Swami Vivekanand's B'day)
2017 (Jan 13): Happy Bonfire, celebrated by Punjabi people of Sikh faith awa Hindu faith.
2017 (Jan 14): Spring has Come. Magh Starts. Khichdi. Farmers' Harvest Fest. Uttarayana. exchange of bananas, sugarcane, red-berries, haldi and kumkum among women in K'taka. rice, coconut, jaggery, sesame in Odisha, paddy and the date palm syrup in WB, transition of the sun into the zodiacal sign of Capricorn on its celestial path. Russia, US, & PNG. Beginning of the Capricorn period under the sidereal zodiac.
2017 (Jan 19): Swami Vivekananda's 154th Birth Anniversary.
2017 (6PM, Jan 25): sun sets in Delhi, India.
2017 (7PM, Jan 25): Eve of Republic Day starts. Announcements of Winners, Awards, Medals, Greetings by VP, Curtain Raiser, Cultural prog.
2017 (19:00 IST, Jan 25): Address by the President of India on the eve of the Republic Day of India.
2017 (Jan 26):
2017 (Jan 27): Full-Moon/Poornima/
2017 (Jan 28): Navratri Day 1 (Pratipada/Prathma): Shailputri
2017 (Jan 29): Brahmacharini
2017 (Jan 30): Chandraghanta
2017 (Jan 31): Kushmanda
2017 (Feb 1): Skandamata
2017 (Feb 2): Katyayani
2017 (Feb 3): Kalaratri
2017 (Feb 4): Durga or Mahagauri
2017 (Feb 5): Siddhidatri
2017 (Feb 6): Magha/Gupta Navratri Ends.
2017 (Mar 20): Exercising extraordinary jurisdiction vested in Uttarakhand High Court, a division bench of Justices Rajeev Sharma and Alok Singh of the High Court said, "Holy rivers Ganga and Yamuna have been declared to be treated as a living human entities." Agreeing with advocate MC Pant, the court cited the example of river Whanganui in New Zealand which has been given such status.
2017 (Mar 22): GoI's New Year. Saka Year 1939 begins.
2017 (Mar 24): Actress Manju Warrier trasnformed herself into Aami (Kamla das) )as Kamal's magnum opus film's shoot begins in Punnayoorkkulam.
2017 (Mar 28): Indian New Year. Vikram Samvat 2074 begins.
2017 (Apr 8): 2017–2018 North Korea crisis started, lasted for 1 year, 2 months and 4 days till 12 June 2018, when US (Donald Trump)-North Korea (Kim Jong-un) meeting in Singapore concluded with a joint declaration by both leaders.
2017 (Apr 25):[Crime][India] A special CBI Court in New Delhi awarded 7 years rigorous imprisonment to Rajan and three other accused in the fake passport case.
2017 (May 2):[Book] Neil deGrasse Tyson's Astrophysics for People in a Hurry; Origins: Fourteen Billion Years of Cosmic Evolution (2004); Death by Black Hole: And Other Cosmic Quandaries (2007); Astrophysics for Young People in a Hurry (2019, Feb 5);
2017 (May 26): 3rd Anniversary of NaMo Gov.
2017 (Jun)::[Crime][India] Abu Salem was again convicted and awarded a life sentence for his role in the 1993 serial blasts case. He was found guilty of transporting weapons from Gujarat to Mumbai for use in the serial bombings.
2017 (Jul):[Computing][Quantum] Open Quantum Assembly Language (OpenQASM; pronounced open kazm), the language was first described in a published paper, and a reference source code implementation was released as part of IBM's Quantum Information Software Kit (Qiskit) for use with their IBM Quantum Experience cloud quantum computing platform. The language has similar qualities to traditional hardware description languages such as Verilog.
2017 (Aug 15): 71st Independance Day. Announcement by the Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi from the ramparts of the Red Fort.
2017 (Aug 17): S Paul, a doyen of photography, passed away at Max Hospital in Patparganj on Wednesday. Family members said he had undergone a surgery a few days ago. Paul, 88, was born in Jhang in Pakistan in 1929. He moved to India after partition and his family shifted to Shimla. His younger brother, Raghu Rai, is also a huge name in the photography world.
2017 (Aug 17): S Paul, a doyen of photography, passed away at Max Hospital in Patparganj on Wednesday. Family members said he had undergone a surgery a few days ago. Paul, 88, was born in Jhang in Pakistan in 1929. He moved to India after partition and his family shifted to Shimla. His younger brother, Raghu Rai, is also a huge name in the photography world.
2017 (Aug 27):
2017: Quasi-Zenith Satellite System- The Japan's GPS is expected to complete.
2017: Legislative elections in UP
2017: Quasi-Zenith Satellite System- The Japan's GPS is expected to complete.
2017: Legislative elections in UP
2017: Presidential Elections in India
2017: The first orbital flight of GSLV Mark-III is planned to take place
2017:[Gaming] Fortnite is an online video game developed by Epic Games and released.
2017 (Jan 26): The Padma Vibhushan award recipients are announced every year on Republic Day of India and registered in The Gazette of India—a publication released weekly by the Department of Publication, Ministry of Urban Development used for official government notices.
2017 (Mar 31):[Energy][India] Punjab would be able to generate 1000 MW of solar-power.
2017 (Mar 31): Poorna, ft. Rahul Bose, biopic of Malavath Poorna, a 13-year-old girl from Telangana becomes the youngest female in history to climb Mount Everest.
2017 (Mar 31): Poorna, ft. Rahul Bose, biopic of Malavath Poorna, a 13-year-old girl from Telangana becomes the youngest female in history to climb Mount Everest.
2017 (Apr 1): NITI Aayog to prepare first 15-year vision documents (2016-2030), 7-year strategy (2017-2024), a 3-year action plan (2017-2020) for in fiscal year 2017-18. Apart from social, economica infrastructure such as health, connectivity and education, It will also focuses on new subjects like internal security and defense.
Apr 29; Internationally renowned sand artist Sudarsan Pattnaik from Odisha won the jury prize gold medal at the 10th Moscow Sand art Championship. The competition was held between 22nd and 28th April at Kolomenskoye, Moscow in Russia. The theme for the competition was "The world around us".
India's 1st book village to come up in Maharashtra, from May 4, Bhilar village in Maharastra will become India’s first ‘book village’ where tourists and locals can come and read books, magazines, newspapers stacked at 25 premises. Apr 29; Internationally renowned sand artist Sudarsan Pattnaik from Odisha won the jury prize gold medal at the 10th Moscow Sand art Championship. The competition was held between 22nd and 28th April at Kolomenskoye, Moscow in Russia. The theme for the competition was "The world around us".
101-year-old Mann Kaur becomes World's oldest person to complete Auckland Skywalk.
The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) will launch five communication satellites by the year-end . The satellites launched by the ISRO and their purposes in the areas of weather forecasting, disaster management, space exploration, geo-spatial applications, education and agriculture .
Bollywood Actor Shah Rukh Khan became the first Indian actor to deliver Technology ,Entertainment, Design(TED) at Vancouver, Canada.
Ude desh ka aam naagrik" (UDAN), a scheme to help people to fly cheap to small towns. Lowest airfare was ₹2500.
2017 (May 12-May 15): WannaCry ransomware attack was a worldwide cyberattack by the WannaCry ransomware cryptoworm, which targeted computers running the Microsoft Windows operating system by encrypting data and demanding ransom payments in the Bitcoin cryptocurrency. from $300 to $600
2017 (May 14): Dhinchak Pooja (Pooja Jain, Delhi) became a viral sensation with over 25 million for her off-key and utterly tuneless Selfie Maine Leli Aaj.
2017 (Jun 5): 120th Founder's Day of Sherwood College, Nainital.
2017 (Jul 10): Eminent cartoonist Mangesh Tendulkar (82) died after a brief illness at the Ruby Hall Clinic in Pune on Monday night.
2017 (Jul 13): Liu Xiaobo, Chinese Dissident Who Won Nobel While Jailed, Dies at 61, of cancer under guard in a hospital, was mourned in Hong Kong on Thursday.
2017 (20 Jul): In July 2017 Leone and her husband Daniel Weber adopted their first child from Latur, a village in Maharashtra. The baby girl named Nisha was 21 months old at the time of adoption. Actress Sherlyn Chopra first confirmed the news by writing a congratulatory message on social media.
2017 (Jul 24): Swag Wali Topi (2015), Daaru (2016), Selfie Maine Leli Aaj (2017) have received more than a million hits, and Dilon Ka Shooter had received 8,00,000 hits by the first week of July, 2017. On 24 July, 2017 she uploaded a new song Baapu Dede Thoda Cash, in one week the video had received over two million hits.
2017 (Jul 24): Renowned Indian scientist and academician, Professor Yash Pal passed away on Monday night at his home in Noida, Uttar Pradesh.
Former chairman of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), Udupi Ramachandra Rao died on Monday at his residence in Bengaluru.2017 (Aug 1): checkout UPPSC-J Notification.
2017 (Aug 10): Ruth Pfau: Pakistan's 'Mother Teresa' dies aged 87, buried with full state honors in Karachi, Pakistan.
2017 (Sep 3); Who is India's Defence Minister? a women. Nirmala Sitharaman (58).
2017 (Sep 11): Sh*t Indians Say, a Facebook page, organised an event at Connaught Place (CP) in Delhi, inviting people to show up and shout 'Bol na aunty au kya' on the roads.
Sep 21; Int'l Day of Peace.2017 (Sep 12): Apple Special Event. The first-ever event at the Steve Jobs Theater. Launch of
Sep 23: Prime Minister Narendra Modi released a postage stamp on different aspects of Lord Ram's life at the historic Tulsi Manas Mandir Varanasi.
Open-air gyms for prisoners has now been set up in jail number 1 of Tihar in west Delhi, which is the largest and the most populated prison in India with over 14,400 inmates.
Under the NDA government’s flagship Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (Urban) ‘Housing for All’ programme, Government decided to extend interest subsidy of Rs 2.60 lakh on home loans for the Middle Income Group (MIG) up to March 2019. Initially the scheme was available for beneficiaries under the “middle class” category till December 2017 only. Under the new scheme, those with an annual income of up to Rs 12 lakh can avail a 4% interest subsidy on a loan of Rs 9 lakh while those with an income up to Rs 18 lakh will get an interest subsidy of 3% on a loan of Rs 18 lakh.
2019 (Sep 17):[Book] Ray Dalio's Principles: Life and Work
2019 (Sep 20):[meds][business] Rybelsus (semaglutide)
2019 (Sep 24): ISRO’s Mars Orbiter Mission completes 3 years in orbit. Rs.450 crore ($73 million US) budget, making it cheapest inter-planetary.
New Underground Water Treatment Plant in Sadhutilla (Agartala), Tripura initially for 565 households through the pipeline. The treatment capacity of 4 point 8 million litre per day. It has two Over Head Storage Reservoirs with capacities of 1,130 Kilo Liter and 450 Kilo Liter.
The 7th ASEM (Asia–Europe Meeting) Economic Ministers’ Meeting was held in Seoul, South Korea. The theme for the 2017 year meeting is‘ Innovative Partnership for Inclusive Prosperity’. The meeting was conducted under the Chairmanship of the Ministry of Trade, Industry, and Energy of the Republic of Korea. The 51 member countries signed a Joint Statement on Supporting the Multilateral Trade System.
CNR Rao selected for 2017 Von Hippel Award.
Minister for Education and Training, Simon Birmingham, announces new space agency to develop domestic space industry at the International Astronautical Congress.
India beat Australia by 5 wickets in the third ODI played between the two sides at
In the 5th Asian Indoor and Martial Arts Games at
Eman Ahmed passed away on Monday morning at 4.35 am due to complications from underlying comorbid conditions. She was once heaviest woman weighing 500 kg.
2019 (Sep 26): Karnataka Government to launch The Nava Karnataka 2025 or Vision 2025 was launched on Monday, for charting out a development roadmap for the next seven years.
2019 (Sep 27): The Minister of Communication Shri Manoj Sinha launched DoT’s first ever Mobile, Internet, and Technology event in India -
2019 (Sep 27): Hugh Hefner, Playboy founder and pop culture icon, dead at 91. He, the American icon who in 1953 introduced the world to Playboy magazine.
The Union Ministry of Labour and Employment launched Platform for Effective Enforcement for No Child Labour (PENCIL) Portal at National Conference.
Angola
Acharya Balkrishna, the associate of Baba Ramdev-run FMCG company Patanjali and Radhakishan Damani of D-Mart are among the top 10 rich people in the country. He ranked eighth in the Hurun India rich list 2017. His position rose to 8th position from 25th last year after seeing his wealth grow by 173% Patanjali, with a turnover of INR 10,561 crore in 2016-2017 has been a close competition to major international brands. Business Tycoon, Mukesh Ambani, with a net worth of INR 257,900 crore is ranked first in the list for the sixth consecutive year.
The 7th ASEM (Asia–Europe Meeting) Economic Ministers’ Meeting was held in Seoul, South Korea. The theme for the 2017 year meeting is‘ Innovative Partnership for Inclusive Prosperity’. The meeting was conducted under the Chairmanship of the Ministry of Trade, Industry, and Energy of the Republic of Korea. The 51 member countries signed a Joint Statement on Supporting the Multilateral Trade System.
CNR Rao selected for 2017 Von Hippel Award.
Minister for Education and Training, Simon Birmingham, announces new space agency to develop domestic space industry at the International Astronautical Congress.
India beat Australia by 5 wickets in the third ODI played between the two sides at
In the 5th Asian Indoor and Martial Arts Games at
Eman Ahmed passed away on Monday morning at 4.35 am due to complications from underlying comorbid conditions. She was once heaviest woman weighing 500 kg.
2019 (Sep 26): Karnataka Government to launch The Nava Karnataka 2025 or Vision 2025 was launched on Monday, for charting out a development roadmap for the next seven years.
2019 (Sep 27): The Minister of Communication Shri Manoj Sinha launched DoT’s first ever Mobile, Internet, and Technology event in India -
2019 (Sep 27): Hugh Hefner, Playboy founder and pop culture icon, dead at 91. He, the American icon who in 1953 introduced the world to Playboy magazine.
The Union Ministry of Labour and Employment launched Platform for Effective Enforcement for No Child Labour (PENCIL) Portal at National Conference.
Angola
Acharya Balkrishna, the associate of Baba Ramdev-run FMCG company Patanjali and Radhakishan Damani of D-Mart are among the top 10 rich people in the country. He ranked eighth in the Hurun India rich list 2017. His position rose to 8th position from 25th last year after seeing his wealth grow by 173% Patanjali, with a turnover of INR 10,561 crore in 2016-2017 has been a close competition to major international brands. Business Tycoon, Mukesh Ambani, with a net worth of INR 257,900 crore is ranked first in the list for the sixth consecutive year.
2019 (Sep 27):[Tourism] The Incredible India 2.0 campaign was launched on September 27, 2017, during the presentation of the National Tourism Awards, on the occasion of World Tourism Day, according to Wikimedia Commons. This campaign represents a shift from generic global promotion to market-specific strategies and content creation, focusing on digital and social media promotion of niche tourism products.
2019 (Sep 28): Twitter Announces Test Project Allowing Tweets to be Expanded From 140 to 280 Characters.
Indian Union Cabinet approves installation of telecom towers in cantonments and military areas.2019 (Sep 29): Welcome to IAC2017 The Space Industry Association of Australia is your host for IAC2017 in Adelaide Australia. from Sep 25 to Sep 29. aunch of
2019 (Sep 30): Veteran film, television and theatre actor and Padma Shri Tom Alter died at aged 67.2017 (Oct 13): Satish Chandra (20 November 1922 – 13 October 2017) was an Indian leftist historian whose main area of specialisation was medieval Indian history.
2017 (Oct 19):[Space] 1I/ʻOumuamua is the first confirmed interstellar object detected passing through the Solar System. Formally designated 1I/2017 U1, it was discovered by Canadian Robert Weryk using the Pan-STARRS telescope at Haleakalā Observatory, Hawaii, on 19 October 2017, approximately 40 days after it passed its closest point to the Sun on 9 September. When it was first observed, it was about 33 million km (21 million mi; 0.22 AU) from Earth (about 85 times as far away as the Moon) and already heading away from the Sun. (Time of perihelion 9 September 2017 @ 87.71 km/s)
2017 (Dec): this month has 5 weekends. 5 Fri, 5 Sat and 5 Sun.
2017 (Dec): 6 lakh cases pending for decade or more in High Courts of India.
2017 (Dec): GDP for 2017 is at 6.4%.
2017 (Dec): GDP for 2017 is at 6.4%.
2017 (Dec 11):[Computing][Quantum] Microsoft's Q# (pronounced as Q sharp) is a domain-specific programming language used for expressing quantum algorithms. It was initially released to the public by Microsoft as part of the Quantum Development Kit.
2017 (Dec 20):[Gaming] PUBG: Battlegrounds (previously known as PlayerUnknown's Battlegrounds, or simply PUBG), an online multiplayer battle royale game developed and published by PUBG Corporation, a subsidiary of South Korean video game company Bluehole.
2017:[Book] Satya Nadella's Hit Refresh: The Quest to Rediscover Microsoft's Soul and Imagine a Better Future for Everyone
2017:[Business][Corporate][Finance] Patanjali's (est. Jan 2006, 11YO co.) revenue jumped to Rs. 10,000 crores.
2017:[Art][EMEA] The trigger forthe global movement toward restituting plundered heritage was a 2017 pledge by President Emmanuel Macron of France, in a speech in Burkina Faso, to permanently give back African patrimony in French museums.
2017:[Computing][AI] Google's LaMDA research ongoing on the newly built seq2seq architecture, transformer-based neural networks developed by Google Research. LaMDA to be trained on human dialogue and stories, allowing it to engage in open-ended conversations.
2017:[Computing][Quantum] IBM, Oxford, Berkeley, Stanford, and MIT (50 qubits).
2017:[Computing][Quantum] IBM's Qiskit is an open-source software development kit (SDK) written in Python for working with quantum computers at the level of circuits, pulses, and algorithms. It provides tools for creating and manipulating quantum programs and running them on prototype quantum devices on IBM Quantum Platform or on simulators on a local computer. It follows the circuit model for universal quantum computation, and can be used for any quantum hardware (currently supports superconducting qubits and trapped ions) that follows this model.
2017:[Research][Physics] In philosophy, the brain in a vat (BIV) is a scenario used in a variety of thought experiments intended to draw out certain features of human conceptions of knowledge, reality, truth, mind, consciousness, and meaning. It is a modernized version of René Descartes's evil demon thought experiment, originated by Gilbert Harman (May 26, 1938 – November 13, 2021), who was an American philosopher, who taught at Princeton University from 1963 until his retirement in 2017.
2017:[Space][Interstellar] In a further testament to the robustness of Voyager 1, the Voyager team tested the spacecraft's trajectory correction maneuver (TCM) thrusters in late 2017 (the first time these thrusters had been fired since 1980), a project enabling the mission to be extended by two to three years.
2017:[US][Economy] Prominent banker David Rockefeller Sr. was the family patriarch until his death in 2017.
2017: (Oct 19): ‘The Wire’ barred (by Additional Senior Civil Judge B K Dasondi of Ahmedabad rural court) from writing on Jay Shah (by Rohini Singh) to protect his ‘right to live with dignity’
On October 8, The Wire had published a report stating, among other things, that the turnover of a company owned by (Amit) Shah’s son increased 16,000 times in the year following election of Narendra Modi.
2017 (Dec 25): Relief for The Wire in Jay Shah case. Website asked not to link article with Prime Minister Narendra Modi till libel suit is disposed of
2017:[Mntngg][Extreme] Professional rock climber Alex Honnold attempts to conquer the first free solo climb of famed El Capitan's 900-metre vertical rock face at Yosemite National Park. Free Solo is a 2018 American documentary film directed by Elizabeth Chai Vasarhelyi and Jimmy Chin that profiles rock climber Alex Honnold on his quest to perform the first-ever free solo climb of a route on El Capitan, in Yosemite National Park in California, in June 2017.
2017:[Cinema][Research] Genius - Einstein (TV Series Apr 2017– Jun 2017) - The story of Albert Einstein, seen through glimpses of his twilight years and flashbacks to his time as a student in Munich and Zürich in the 1890s.
E1 - The story of Albert Einstein, seen through glimpses of his twilight years and flashbacks to his time as a student in Munich and Zürich in the 1890s.
E2 - After butting heads in class, Einstein falls in love with the determined Mileva Maric.
E3 - Einstein tries to balance his personal responsibilities and inner calling with the practicalities of finding work.
E4 - Einstein and Mileva juggle raising a family with his attempts to catch the eye of the scientific establishment.
E5 - Einstein begins to experience the academic life he coveted, but he falters in his familial responsibilities. He is reintroduced to his cousin Elsa.
E6 - Einstein moves his family for work, and to be closer to his new love, Elsa. He sets out to prove his theory as his marriage reaches a breaking point.
E7 - In the wake of the war, patriotism corrupts one of Albert Einstein's closest friends, Fritz Haber, pitting them against each other.
E8 - Einstein and his wife Elsa attempt to flee Germany after the rise of the Nazis, but they face unexpected roadblocks.
E10 - Albert Einstein settles into life in America, but dangers abroad continue to be a threat to both him and his former colleagues.
E11 - After the atomic bomb is dropped and World War II draws to a close, Einstein assumes the role of world citizen in his twilight years.
2017:2020:[Cinema][Research] The Farthest. It is one of humankind's greatest achievements. More than 12 billion miles away a tiny spaceship is leaving our Solar System and entering the void of deep space - the first human-made object ever to do so.
2017:[Cinema][Research] The Story of Us with Morgan Freeman is a documentary television series televised on the National Geographic Channel in 2017. It is hosted and narrated by actor Morgan Freeman.
2017:[Env][Disaster] Following heavy rain in July 2017, the Indian state of Gujarat was affected by severe flooding. The floods were reported to have caused total 224 deaths between 1 June and 31 July 2017. 16 people had died in neighbouring Rajasthan state by 31 July. The monsoon season in Gujarat typically starts in mid-June. In the 2017 season low pressure systems developed over the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal simultaneously, resulting in heavy rainfall.[3][4][5] Moderate rain began across the state on 14 July, and heavy rains fell from 21 to 25 July.
2017:[SpaceX] Evidence of a second dimming event (named "Celeste") was observed on 13–14 June 2017, which possibly began 11 June, by amateur astronomer Bruce L. Gary. While the light curve on 14–15 June indicated a possible recovery from the dimming event, the dimming continued to increase afterwards, and on 16 June, Boyajian wrote that the event was approaching a 2% dip in brightness.
2017:[SpaceX] On 20 May 2017, Boyajian and her colleagues reported, via The Astronomer's Telegram, on an ongoing dimming event (named "Elsie")[33][38] which possibly began on 14 May 2017.[39] It was detected by the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network, specifically by its telescope in Maui (LCO Maui). This was verified by the Fairborn Observatory (part of the N2K Consortium) in Southern Arizona (and later by LCO Canary Islands).
2017: Larry Summers, US President Bill Clinton's former treasury secretary and former Harvard University president, is also in the new documents, including references to meetings and dinners between Summers and Epstein. In emails from 2017, Summers and Epstein joked about Trump and criticised him during his first term. "Your world does not understand how dumb he really is," Epstein said of Trump in one email to Summers. Response: After Summers was mentioned amid a batch of Epstein files released in November, he said he took "full responsibility for my misguided decision to continue communicating with Mr Epstein" and resigned from multiple posts, including his role on the advisory board of OpenAI.
2017:[silvics][India] During 2017, the Resource Survey and Management Division merged into this Division and this unified body has since been rechristened as Silviculture and Forest Management Division. The Division now consists of the following disciplines: Experimental Silviculture; General Silviculture; Resource Survey and Management; Forest Tree Seed Laboratory; and Planting Stock Improvement Unit. The present Division therefore, encompasses the activities of these disciplines and has a focus on current silvicultural problems of north Indian states namely Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand and Delhi.
Current silvicultural problems in North Indian states (Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Delhi) revolve around managing fragmented forests, high livestock pressure, and climate-induced stresses. Key challenges include slow natural regeneration, increasing invasive species, forest fires, and the need for balancing, sustainable harvesting with rapid infrastructure development.
Species-specific silvicultural problems in North Indian states involve high mortality rates in nurseries and plantations, nutrient deficiencies in soil, and susceptibility to pests/diseases (e.g., teak defoliator, shisham wilt). Challenges include managing species-specific water requirements, slow growth rates in harsh climates, and inadequate natural regeneration.
Shisham (Dalbergia sissoo): Major issues with Fusarium wilt causing high mortality, especially in waterlogged or heavy soils.
Teak (Tectona grandis): Susceptible to teak defoliator (Hyblaea puera) and skeletonizer, limiting growth in plantations.
Poplar (Populus deltoides): Highly site-specific, requiring fertile, well-drained deep soils; sensitive to leaf spot diseases and branch canker in high humidity.
Eucalyptus: Criticized for high water consumption and nutrient mining, causing competitive inhibition with intercrops in agroforestry.
Conifers (Himalayan region): Poor natural regeneration due to thick litter layers and grazing, leading to species shift and reduced stocking.
Kikar/Babul (Acacia nilotica): Slow growth and susceptibility to root rot in poorly drained areas.
2017 (Dec 5):[meds][business] Ozempic (injection) (semaglutide) was first approved on 5-Dec-2027; It was given the brand name Ozempic. Clinical trials started in January 2016 and ended in May 2017. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved semaglutide based on evidence from seven clinical trials of 4087 participants with type 2 diabetes.
2018:[GeoPolitics][Business] India formally joined the Ashgabat Agreement in Feb 2018.
2018:[Space] 18 Jan 2018: NASA designates a Planetary Protection Officer, "responsible for the protection of Earth from potential contamination by extraterrestrial life forms...."
2018 (Jan):[Space] GLEAM-X J162759.5-523504.3 starts communication
2018 (Jan 1):[Book] James Clear's Atomic Habits: An Easy & Proven Way to Build Good Habits & Break Bad Ones
2018 (Jan 4):[Book] Fumitake Koga & Ichiro Kishimi's The Courage to Be Disliked: The Japanese Phenomenon That Shows You How to Change Your Life and Achieve Real Happiness
2018 (Jan 23):[Bokk] Jordan B. Peterson's 12 Rules for Life: An Antidote to Chaos2018 (Jan 4):[Book] Fumitake Koga & Ichiro Kishimi's The Courage to Be Disliked: The Japanese Phenomenon That Shows You How to Change Your Life and Achieve Real Happiness
2018 (Feb 21):[Computing][AI] Musk resigned from OpenAI later citing "OpenAI was started as open source and nonprofit. Neither is still true." in early Dec 2022.
2018 (Mar):[Space] GLEAM-X J162759.5-523504.3 ends communication
2018 (Apr 3):[Book] Hans Rosling, Ola Rosling & Anna Rosling Rönnlund's Factfulness: Ten Reasons We're Wrong About the World – and Why Things Are Better Than You Think
2018 (May 02):[Crime][India] Maharashtra MCOCA court found Chhota Rajan guilty of the murder of journalist J. Dey and handed him life imprisonment.
2018 (Jul 12):[Book][Military] Jim Proser's No Better Friend, No Worse Enemy: The Life of General James Mattis
2018 (Aug 12 07:31 UTC):[Space][Sun] The Parker Solar Probe was launched in 2018 to study the Sun. It will approach to within 9.86 solar radii from the center of the Sun, and by 2025 will travel, at closest approach, as fast as 690,000 km/h, or 0.064% the speed of light. The Parker Solar Probe concept originates from a predecessor Solar Orbiter project conceived in the 1990s. Similar in design and objectives, the Solar Probe mission served as one of the centerpieces of the eponymous Outer Planet/Solar Probe (OPSP) program formulated by NASA.
2018 (Apr 20):[Music] Avicii (Tim Bergling) died in Muscat, where he was on holiday, at the age of 28. No cause of death was immediately given. On 21 April, the Omani police stated that there was "no criminal suspicion" or evidence of foul play in Bergling's death. A day before Bergling's death, a friend expressed concern about his mental state to his father Klas. TMZ later reported that he committed suicide using a glass shard to cut himself. On 26 April, his family released an open letter stating:"Our beloved Tim was a seeker, a fragile artistic soul searching for answers to existential questions. An over-achieving perfectionist who travelled and worked hard at a pace that led to extreme stress. When he stopped touring, he wanted to find a balance in life to be able to be happy and to do what he loved most – music. He really struggled with thoughts about Meaning, Life, Happiness. He could now not go on any longer. He wanted to find peace. Tim was not made for the business machine he found himself in; he was a sensitive guy who loved his fans but shunned the spotlight. Tim, you will forever be loved and sadly missed. The person you were and your music will keep your memory alive. We love you, The Family" On 22 May, Bergling's family announced plans for a private funeral with "the people who were closest to him".A funeral service was held on 8 June at the Skogskyrkogården cemetery in Stockholm. He was buried at Hedvig Eleonora Church in June 2018.
2018 (Apr 22):[Music] American band OneRepublic paid tribute to Avicii by performing his hit single "Wake Me Up" during their show in Mumbai.
2018 (Feb): SpaceX's Falcon Heavy Test Flight lits-off from the Kennedy Space Center, Cape Canaveral (FL), Earth for the Mars with Starman riding the Tesla's cherry-red Roadster.
2018 (Jul 18):[Computing][Quantum] Google's Cirq is an open-source framework for noisy intermediate scale quantum (NISQ) computers. Cirq was developed by the Google AI Quantum Team, and the public alpha was announced at the International Workshop on Quantum Software and Quantum Machine Learning.A demo by QC Ware showed an implementation of QAOA solving an example of the maximum cut problem being solved on a Cirq simulator.
2018 (Sep):[Book] After being appointed DHS deputy chief of staff, Miles Taylor wrote The New York Times op-ed "I Am Part of the Resistance Inside the Trump Administration" under the pen-name "Anonymous", which drew widespread attention for its criticism of Trump. In September 2019 he left the administration and went to work for Google.2018 (Sep 11):[Book] Neil deGrasse Tyson & Avis Lang's Accessory to War: The Unspoken Alliance Between Astrophysics and the Military
2018 (Sep 30): [GeoPolitics] The Agreement drafted between the United States of America, the United Mexican States, and Canada, commonly known as the United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement (USMCA) in the United States and the Canada–United States–Mexico Agreement (CUSMA) in Canada, is a free trade agreement between Canada, Mexico, and the United States. It replaced the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) implemented in 1994, and is sometimes characterized as "NAFTA 2.0", or "New NAFTA"
2018 (Oct 4):[Music] Ashley Nicolette Frangipane (aka Halsey) released a single titled "Without Me", her first through Capitol Records. She stated that the song was very personal to her. On October 29, the official music video for "Without Me" was released, featuring a "G-Eazy lookalike", following their second breakup.
2018 (Sep 30): [GeoPolitics] The Agreement drafted between the United States of America, the United Mexican States, and Canada, commonly known as the United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement (USMCA) in the United States and the Canada–United States–Mexico Agreement (CUSMA) in Canada, is a free trade agreement between Canada, Mexico, and the United States. It replaced the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) implemented in 1994, and is sometimes characterized as "NAFTA 2.0", or "New NAFTA"
2018 (Oct 4):[Music] Ashley Nicolette Frangipane (aka Halsey) released a single titled "Without Me", her first through Capitol Records. She stated that the song was very personal to her. On October 29, the official music video for "Without Me" was released, featuring a "G-Eazy lookalike", following their second breakup.
2018 (Oct 11):[Book][Military] David Goggins's Can't Hurt Me: Master Your Mind and Defy the Odds
2018 (Oct 16):[Book] Stephen Hawking's Brief Answers to the Big Questions; The Dreams That Stuff Is Made Of (2011)
2018 (Oct 16):[Book] Stephen Hawking's Brief Answers to the Big Questions; The Dreams That Stuff Is Made Of (2011)
2018(Nov 13):[Book] Becoming is the memoir of former first lady of the United States Michelle Obama. Described by the author as a deeply personal experience,[3] the book talks about her roots and how she found her voice, as well as her time in the White House, her public health campaign, and her role as a mother.[4] The book is published by Crown and was released in 24 languages.[4] One million copies were donated to First Book, an American nonprofit organization which provides books to children.
2018 (Nov 5):[Space] At 119.7AU (from Sun), Voyager 2 entered Interstellar space.
2018 (Dec): Every household in Telangana to have op-fiber broadband internet connectivity, said CM.
2018: Swaziland, apopular African tourist destination renamed itself to eSwatini.
2018: As of 2018, the U.S. had $1671 billion in circulation. As much as half that value is estimated to be in circulation abroad. Many of these bills are in the former Soviet Union countries and in Latin America. They are often used as hard currency in day-to-day transactions.
2018:[Env] The Scheme for Development of Primitive Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs), came into effect from April 1, 2008. There are 12 PVTGs having a population above 50,000. The remaining groups have a population of 1000 or less. The PVTG of Sahariyas has the highest population of 4,50,217.
2018: [Technology][Business][US][Computing] Dell Latitude xx90: 14.0" Mainstream (7th gen Core i3/i5, 8th gen Core i5/i7). Latitude 5490.
2018:[Computing][Quantum] Google introduced a 53-qubit chip called Sycamore. According to Google, Sycamore has demonstrated the ability to perform a calculation involving random numbers faster than a 200-petaflop supercomputer, achieving what is known as quantum supremacy.
2018:[Computing][Quantum] The number of qubits (the basic units of quantum information) in quantum systems has increased rapidly over the years, from 2 qubits in 1998 to 72 qubits in 2018.
2018:[Computing][Quantum] Intel (49 qubits); Google (72 qubits)
2018 (Feb 13 - Mar 14):[Godman] Kumbh 2018 held in Prayagraj (Allahabad), Uttar Pradesh. The investigation so far have revealed that as the matter came before the court, Nithyananda tried every possible trick to evade arrest, hence, he reached in the Kumbh 2018. But till then he had started hitting headlines that prompted the UP Police to keep him away from the religious gathering
2018 (Feb 19):[Case] In 2010, a United States citizen who was a disciple of Nithyananda accused him of raping her in the US and in India repeatedly over the course of five years. She filed a complaint with the police department of Ann Arbor, Michigan, who did not commence any formal investigation She also filed a complaint with the Karnataka Police in India. On 19 February 2018, the Third Additional District and Sessions Court in Ramanagara ordered the framing of charges against Nithyananda and five others in relation to the case.
2018 (Oct 2):[www][Culture] Stickman Hook is a skill game where you play as a swinging stickman through hundreds of challenging levels. This fun, colorful stickman game offers over 100 challenging levels. Unlock unique characters along the way to switch things up while you swing.
2018 (Oct 15):[GoI] DOPT publishes "Lateral Recruitment of Joint Secretaries - Last Date and Time for submission of online application through https://lateral.nic.in portal is today, 30.07.2018 till 05:00PM IST" In 2018, the government approved lateral entry for certain civil services positions, such as Joint Secretary-level posts, to experienced private sector candidates. They were to be hired on a three-year contract, extendable by two years with the same pay and perks as their peers in the permanent bureaucracy. But they can't be retained beyond five years, even if they are outstanding.
2018 (Feb 1): Volumentric water charge per Kl in Delhi from Rs. 5/Kl (for upto 20Kl domestic use) and Rs. 45/Kl (above 30 Kl domestic use) to Rs. 18/Kl (for upto 6 Kl commercial use) and Rs. 175 (for above 100 Kl commercial-industrial use)
FY18-19: In India, the highest per capita consumption in 2018-19 is in Dadra and Nagar Haveli, at 15,179 kWh. The Union Territory is followed by the states of Gujarat (2,378), Goa (2,274), Haryana (2,082), and Punjab (2,046). (KW)
2018:The Vodafone Idea merger, combining Vodafone India and Idea Cellular, officially concluded on August 31, 2018. The new entity was named Vodafone Idea, with Vodafone Group holding 45.2% and the Aditya Birla Group holding 26%. Kumar Mangalam Birla stepped down as non-executive chairman of Vodafone Idea in August 2021. Aditya Birla Payments Bank. Aditya Birla Payments Bank Limited (ABPB) was a payments bank started as a joint venture by Aditya Birla Nuvo Ltd. and Idea Cellular.
2018:In December 2018, HCL Technologies announced the acquisition of select software products from IBM for $1.8 billion. The deal, which included products like WebSphere Commerce, Connections, Notes/Domino, and others, officially closed in July 2019. This acquisition led to the creation of a new business unit within HCL called "HCL Software".
2018:[Env][Disaster] Kerala floods, 500 deaths
2018:[SpaceX] 2018 LA, also known as ZLAF9B2, was a small Apollo near-Earth asteroid 2.6–3.8 m in mean diameter that impacted the atmosphere with small fragments reaching the Earth at roughly 16:44 UTC on 2 June 2018 near the border of Botswana and South Africa. Wikipedia Discoverer: Richard Kowalski Orbital period: 590 days Discovered: 2 June 2018 Asteroid group: Apollo asteroid
2018: The files also contain thousands of messages that appear to be sent between the late convicted sex offender and one of Trump's former top advisers, Steve Bannon. Most messages were sent in 2018 and 2019 after Bannon left his role in the first Trump White House, as he was making a film about Epstein prior to his death. One text exchange shows Bannon apparently strategising with Epstein on how to change the narrative around his past crimes, suggesting "first we need to push back on the lies" and "rebuild your image as philanthropist". Response: Bannon, who is not accused of any wrongdoing, did not respond to requests for comment from the BBC.
2018: An October 2018 text exchange between Miroslav Lajčák - who was serving as Slovakia's foreign minister at the time - and Epstein appeared to show the two messaging about girls and diplomacy. After Epstein sent an image, which cannot be seen in the record, Lajčák replies: "Why don't you invite me for these games? I would take the 'MI' girl." "Who wouldn't," Epstein texts back. "You can have them both, I am not possessive. And their sisters." Response: Following the latest release of Epstein-related documents, Lajčák resigned from his current post as Slovakia's national security advisor. He is not accused of any wrongdoing.
2018:[Mntngg][Accident] Pemba Sherpa (45) of Darjeeling, India went missing after falling down into a crevasse on Saser Kangri IV on 13 July 2018. He was climbing the peak Saser Kangri IV (7416m) with a team of climbers led by Basanta Singha Roy from West Bengal and another team from Pune, India. On his way down from summit, Pemba fell down into a crevasse before reaching Camp-1 at an altitude of 5750m. No rescue effort has yielded any results; he remains inside the crevasse.
2018:[Mntngg][Accident] Recovery Attempt: A sustained effort of recovery process was carried out by Indian Armed Forces composed of soldiers from the ITBP (Indo-Tibetan Border Police) and Siachen Battle School between 15 July and 31 July. Indian Army from SBS reached the site on 24 July. Despite interruptions due to inclement weather, they did manage to go down as far as possible until the crevasse became too narrow to negotiate. Their efforts proved unsuccessful and they did not find any trace of Pemba Sherpa, but they did manage to recover his loaded rucksack weighing about 35 kg.
2018:[GoI] The National Mission on Interdisciplinary Cyber-Physical Systems (NM-ICPS) was approved by the Union Cabinet, chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, on December 6, 2018. Implemented by the Department of Science & Technology (DST), the mission has a total outlay of ₹3,660 crore over five years to foster innovation in AI, robotics, and IoT.
2018:[silvics] As of 2018, SAF had 11,000 members and is the largest professional organization for foresters. SAF is structured around two networks: a geographic network and a network of scientific disciplines. The geographic network has 31 state societies, subdivided into divisions and chapters; student chapters exist at many forestry schools The scientific disciplinary network has 20 working groups, each a self-selected cluster of SAF members interested in a particular area of science.
2019 (Aug 29):[Space] 2I/Borisov, originally designated C/2019 Q4 (Borisov), is the first observed rogue comet and the second observed interstellar interloper after ʻOumuamua. It was discovered by the Crimean amateur astronomer and telescope maker Gennadiy Borisov on 29 August 2019 UTC (30 August local time) in MARGO Observatory. (Earliest precovery date 13 December 2018; Last perihelion: 8 December 2019 13:33 UT @ 32-44 km/s)
2019:[Research][Space] Harvard astronomers acknowledge: comets travel between stars, and asteroids can traverse the galaxy.
2019:[Research] M87, also known as Messier 87 or Virgo A, is a supergiant elliptical galaxy located in the Virgo constellation, approximately 53.5 million light-years from Earth. It's notable for its powerful relativistic jet, a supermassive black hole at its center, and being the first black hole ever imaged by the Event Horizon Telescope.
2019:[Space] ISO 80000-3:2019, which replaces ISO 80000-3:2006, does not mention the astronomical unit.
2019:[Business][China] Lenovo ThinkPad E15 and L15 released in US.
2019 (Jan):[Computing][Quantum] IBM Quantum System One is the first circuit-based commercial quantum computer, introduced by IBM.
2019 (Jan 1):[Book] Paul Jarvis's Company of One: Why Staying Small Is the Next Big Thing for Business
2019 (Jan 1):[Book] American life coach, Ashley Feinstein Gerstley's The 30-Day Money Cleanse: Take control of your finances, manage your spending, and de-stress your money for good
2019 (Jan 8):[Book] Performance coach Alan Stein Jr's Raise Your Game: High-Performance Secrets from the Best of the Best
2019 (Jan 23): Mining on the moon could be a reality as early as 2025. European Space Agency
2019 (Feb 28):[Book] American digital analyst Brian Solis' Lifescale: How to Live a More Creative, Productive, and Happy Life
2019 (Mar): 5 weekends in a month.
2019:[Book] David Epstein's Range: Why Generalists Triumph in a Specialized World
2019:[research][cosmos] In 2019, a team of researchers in France and Italy reported finding extraterrestrial organic material preserved in the 3.3 billion-year-old sediments of Barberton, South Africa. The team suggested micrometeorites as the material’s likely source. Further such evidence came in 2022 from samples of asteroid Ryugu returned to Earth by Japan’s Hayabusa2 mission. The count of amino acids found in the Ryugu samples now exceeds 20 different types.
2019:Reliance Retail has also been active, acquiring companies like Hamleys (a British toy store chain) in 2019, reports The Economic Times, and stakes in lingerie retailer Amante and online retailer Zivame in 2021. In 2022, they acquired a 89% stake in innerwear and loungewear company Clovia. Reliance Retail also acquired Metro Cash & Carry India in December 2022.
------------------------- The COVID Begin, killed 58 million across the world (as of Feb 2022) -------------------
COVID-19 pandemic is the worst-ever worldwide calamity experienced on a large scale (with an estimated 7 million deaths) in the 21st century. The COVID-19 death toll is the highest seen on a global scale since the Spanish flu and World War II.
2019 (Apr 25): Kim meets with Russian President Vladimir Putin during the North Korea–Russia Summit, April 2019
2019 (May 6):[Computing][Quantum] Rigetti, a quantum computing startup, is expected to release a 128-qubit computing system at some point in 2019, a major advancement in the quantum arena putting the field one step closer to achieving quantum advantage and supremacy.
2019 (May 7):[Book] David McCullough's The Pioneers: The Heroic Story of the Settlers Who Brought the American Ideal West
2019 (May 30):[Computing][Quantum] In 2015, researchers estimated that a quantum computer would need a billion qubits to do the job reliably. That’s significantly more than the 70 qubits in today’s state-of-the-art quantum computers.
2019 (May):[Extreme] A picture taken by climber Nirmal Purja showing a dense trail of climbers huddling on an exposed ridge to mountain’s summit in May 2019 went viral. He told CNN at the time that there were roughly 320 people in the queue to the top in an area known as the “death zone.”
2019 (Sep 1):[Book][Military] Jim Mattis & Bing West's Call Sign Chaos: Learning to Lead
2019 (Sep 1):[Book][Military] Jim Mattis & Bing West's Call Sign Chaos: Learning to Lead
2019 (Sep 1):[Book] Robert Iger's The Ride of a Lifetime: Lessons Learned from 15 Years as CEO of the Walt Disney Company
2019 (Sep 1):[Book] Marc Randolph's That Will Never Work: The Birth of Netflix and the Amazing Life of an Idea
2019 (Sep 1):[Book] Marc Randolph's That Will Never Work: The Birth of Netflix and the Amazing Life of an Idea
2019 (Sep 9):[Economics] Volfefe Index was launched by JPMorgan Chase. The name "Volfefe" is a portmanteau of volatility and the May 2017 "covfefe" tweet by Trump. The president’s electronic musings were having a statistically significant impact on Treasury yields. The index measure how much impact Mr Trump's unpredictable tweets have on US interest rates.
2019 (Sep 10):[Book] Microsoft’s president and vice chair, Brad Smith's Tools and Weapons: The Promise and the Peril of the Digital Age
2019 (Sep 10):[Book] Stanford lecturer Nir Eyal's Indistractable: How to Control Your Attention and Choose Your Life
2019 (Sep 17): What It Takes: Lessons in the Pursuit of Excellence by Stephen A. Schwarzman of Blackstone
2019 (Sep 17):[Book] Tilman Fertitta's Shut Up and Listen!: Hard Business Truths that Will Help You Succeed
2019 (Sep 17):[Book] Edward Snowden's Permanent Record published on US Constitution Day. This is his first book about what happened in 2013. It could be read as a companion to Laura Poitras's Oscar-winning documentary Citizenfour.
2019: Covid-19 Pandemic 2020. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It was first identified in December 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei, China, and has resulted in an ongoing pandemic. The first confirmed case has been traced back to 17 November 2019 in Hubei. As of 19 July 2020, more than 14.2 million cases have been reported across 188 countries and territories, resulting in more than 600,000 deaths. More than 7.98 million people have recovered.
2019 (Oct 9):[Book] Christopher Wylie's Mindf*ck: Cambridge Analytica and the Plot to Break America. Christopher Wylie has been called “the millennials’ first great whistleblower” and “a pink-haired, nose-ringed oracle sent from the future.” He is known for his role in setting up—and then taking down—Cambridge Analytica. His revelations exposing the rampant misuse of data rocked Silicon Valley and led to some of the largest multinational investigations into data crime ever. Born in British Columbia, Canada, he studied law at the London School of Economics before moving into cultural data science and fashion trend forecasting. He lives in London, England.
2019 (Nov 4): The Build Back Better World (B3W) efforts are in line with the standards and principles of the Blue Dot Network (BDN), relating to the environment and climate, labor and social safeguards, financing, construction, anticorruption, and other areas. On November 4, 2019, U.S. Under Secretary of State Keith Krach formally launched the BDN with his Australian and Japanese counterparts with access to US$60 billion of capital from the U.S. International Development Finance Corporation (DFC) at the Indo-Pacific Business Forum in Bangkok.
2019 (Nov 5):[Book] Gregory Zuckerman's The Man Who Solved the Market: How Jim Simons Launched the Quant Revolution
2019 (Nov 19): [Book] A Warning is a 2019 book about the Trump administration, anonymously authored by someone described as "a senior Trump administration official", revealed in late 2020 to be Department of Homeland Security official Miles Taylor.
It is a follow-up to an anonymous op-ed published by The New York Times in September 2018. The article, "I Am Part of the Resistance Inside the Trump Administration", described President Donald Trump's decision-making as uninformed and irresponsible, and said that many current members of the administration deliberately undermine his suggestions and orders for the good of the country.
2019 (Oct 1):[Book] Ryan Holiday's Stillness Is the Key
2019:[Book] Malcolm Gladwell's Talking to Strangers: What We Should Know about the People We Don't Know
2019:[Computing][Quantum] IBM announces 27-qubit Falcon Quantum Processor with optimized lattice as key advancement; Rigetti launches 128 qubits?
2019 (Oct 11):[GeoPolitics] PM Narendra Modi hosted Chinese president Xi Jinping for an informal summit in Tamil Nadu’s Mamallapuram, in the backdrop of 7th century rock-cut chariots of Pancha Ratha overlooking the Bay of Bengal
2019 (Nov 17):[Case][Godman] A couple from Tamil Nadu approached the High Court of Gujarat claiming that three of their four children were taken to Nithyananda's ashram in Ahmedabad from Bangalore without their knowledge; the couple sought return of their children to their custody. A first information report (FIR) for alleged abduction was filed by the Gujarat Police in relation to the case on 17 November 2019.
2019 (Nov 20):[Case][Godman] the Gujarat Police issued a statement that Nithyananda fled India after choosing not to appear at several court hearings. Some senior police officials did not discount the possibility that he was still in India.
2019:[SpaceX] 2019 MO, temporarily designated A10eoM1, was a small, harmless 3-meter near-Earth asteroid discovered by ATLAS–MLO that impacted Earth's atmosphere on 22 June 2019 at 21:25 UT. Wikipedia Orbital period: 1,467 days Discoverer: Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System Discovered: 22 June 2019 Asteroid group: Apollo asteroid
2019:[SpaceX] A signal suggesting a third planet was detected in the Proxima Centauri system around 2019, leading to the proposal of Proxima Centauri c. Proxima Centauri c is a controversial, possibly nonexistent, exoplanet candidate orbiting the red dwarf star Proxima Centauri, the closest star to our solar system. Astrometry data from the Hubble Space Telescope in 2020 appeared to confirm its existence. Proposed as a "super-Earth" at least 5.8 times Earth's mass, it orbits far from its star, outside the habitable zone, and could be a frozen gas-shrouded world with a ring system. However, a 2022 study challenged its existence, attributing the signal to systematic errors in the discovery data.
2019:Jammu and Kashmir became a union territory on October 31, 2019, following the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act of 2019, which bifurcated the former state into two separate union territories: Jammu and Kashmir, and Ladakh. This change followed the abrogation of Article 370, which had provided special status to Jammu and Kashmir. The new Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir retained an elected legislative assembly, while Ladakh was established as a union territory without a legislature.
2019:[India] India had approximately 664,369 villages as of 2019, according to a PIB report citing the Local Government Directory (LGD). The most authoritative source, the 2011 Census of India, counted 640,930 villages, but this number has grown since then. India's villages are the backbone of its rural economy and culture, with over 2.68 lakh Gram Panchayats forming a significant part of the rural landscape.
2020: 2nd decade of 21st century.
2020–2022: [GeoPolitics][Military][Economics] The US money supply expands at an unprecedented rate during the COVID-19 pandemic [[13:32](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vYJri1eNRyc&t=812)].
2020: India 2020: A Vision for the New Millennium by APJ Abdul Kalam. The book examines in depth the weakness and the strength of India, and offers a vision of how India can emerge to be among the world's first four economic powers by 2020.
2020: funding of Int'l Space Stn. would halt.
2020 (Jan 1):[Book] Jim Proser's Savage Messiah: How Dr. Jordan Peterson Is Saving Western Civilization.
2020 (Jan 16):[Cinema][Research] Mathematician and physicist Wolfgang Smith examines quantum theory and the arc of human history. Initial release: 16 January 2020 Director: Katheryne Thomas Producer: Rick DeLano Running time: 1h 24m
2020 (Jan 22):[Computing][Quantum][US] Sundar Pichai, the CEO of Alphabet, Google's parent company, predicted “In a 5-10-year time frame, quantum computing will break encryption as we know it today." McKinsey and Co. predicts that there will be 2,000-5,000 operational quantum computers by 2030.
2020 (Jan 28):[Computing][AI] Google unveiled Meena, a neural network-powered chatbot with 2.6 billion parameters, which Google claimed to be superior to all other existing chatbots.
2020 (Jan 28):[Book] American journalist Ezra Klein's Why We're Polarized, in which the author analyzes political polarization in the United States.
2020 (Mar): mid-term review report of 7-year strategy plan (2017) by NITI Ayog.
2020 (Mar 18):[Cinema][Research] Black Holes: The Edge of All We Know - Netflix documentary - The Event Horizon Telescope links observatories across the world, resulting in the first-ever picture of a black hole, an image seen by billions of people in April 2019. Initial release: 18 March 2020 Director: Peter Galison Producer: Peter Galison
2020:[Cinema][Research] The End of Quantum Reality - Legendary reclusive genius Wolfgang Smith demonstrates on shockingly obvious grounds the dead end at which physics has arrived.
2020: GoI's 14th Finance Commission Awar Period ends.
2020: China's BeiDou will provide global coverage.
2020: Europe's global satellite navination system, Galileo will become fully operational.
2020: the IoT will consist of almost 50 billion objects.
2020: China's BeiDou will provide global coverage.
2020: Europe's global satellite navination system, Galileo will become fully operational.
2020: the IoT will consist of almost 50 billion objects.
2020 (Apr 7): Brain coach Jim Kwik's Limitless: Upgrade Your Brain, Learn Anything Faster, and Unlock Your Exceptional Life
2020 (Jun):[GeoPolitics] Galwan Valley clashes
2020 (Jul): The First Moss Garden In India project was approved under the CAMPA (State Compensatory Afforestation Fund Management and Planning Authority) scheme by the Research Advisory Committee of Uttarakhand Forest Department. A well-known water conservation activist and Ramon Magsaysay awardee inaugurated the first moss garden in Khurpatal, Nainital in 2021.
2020 (Jul 7): United States withdrawal from the WHO
2020 (Oct 15): 4G on moon: NASA awards $14.1M contract to Nokia to set up LTE on lunar surface (later convert it to 5G). It's a part of $370M contract signed under NASA's 'Tipping Point' selection, which aims to advance research and development for space exploration.
2020 (Oct 16):[Business][China] Carl Pei resigned as the marketing director of OnePlus.
2020 (Nov 4): United States withdrawal from the Paris Agreement.
2020 (Nov):[Research][Space] The Quantitative Comparision Between the Neuronal Network and the Cosmic Web a paper published in Frontiers in Physics, professors Franco Vazza and Alberto Feletti, an astrophysicist and neuroscientist
2020: Demand for cloud as a platform for digital transformation is increasing across India. According to IDC, Microsoft data centre regions in India contributed $9.5 billion revenue to the economy between 2016 and 2020. Beyond GDP impact, 1.5 million jobs were added to the economy, including 169,000 new skilled IT jobs, the IDC report estimated.
2020: The first black-hole discovered in a galaxy around 3.5 billion light-years away from Earth, however, they’d orbit each other every nine years, indicating a longer distance between them than PKS 2131-021 (every 2 years).
2020:[Art] The inception of K-pop and K-drama has been there since 2010s (BTS debuted in 2013, Blackpink in Aug 2016, ), but it took India by storm recently. Netflix India is filled with Korean shows and movies, and it reported a 370% increase in viewership of K drama in India.
2020:[Env] The European Green Deal, approved 2020, is a set of policy initiatives by the European Commission with the overarching aim of making the European Union (EU) climate neutral in 2050. Dec 11, 2019.
2020:[Space] GLEAM-X J162759.5-523504.3 is a transient astronomical radio source, found in 2020, in archival data recorded in 2018 by the Murchison Widefield Array. The source was active in radio for about 1 minute every 18 minutes, from January to March 2018, but has not been recorded since.
2020:[Computing][Quantum] IBM announces 65-qubit Hummingbird Quantum Processor with scalable readout as key advancement.
2020 (Aug): A warehouse containing almost 3000 tonnes of Ammonium Nitrate caught fire and lead to massive blast at Beirut, killed at least 220 people and injured thousands. 3.3 richter scale of (artificial) earthquake.
2020 (Dec 2):[Cinema][Research] Alien Worlds - Applying the laws of life on Earth to the rest of the galaxy, this series blends science fact and fiction to imagine alien life on other planets. No. of episodes: 4 No. of seasons: 1 First episode date: 2 December 2020 (UK) Network: Netflix Genre: Docufiction; Science fiction; Speculative evolution
1 "Atlas" 2 December 2020
Atlas is a larger planet than Earth, with higher gravity and a thicker atmosphere leading to an airborne ecosystem. Astronomer Didier Queloz makes an appearance to discuss the discoveries of exoplanets and how they are analyzed in the real world. In explaining the aliens of Atlas, the episode also explores the handicap principle in insects, and shows a rehabilitative form of falconry as captive falcons are trained to live in the wild.
2 "Janus" 2 December 2020
Janus orbits a red dwarf star. Because it is close enough to the star to become tidally locked, Janus is separated into three main environments: the hemisphere facing the sun where it is always day, the opposite hemisphere which is always night, and a region of twilight on the boundary between them. Life has evolved to adapt to conditions on both hemispheres and to exploit the strong convective wind at the twilight zone for distributing larvae. The episode examines life in the Danakil Depression with exobiologist Kennda Lynch, polymorphism in leafcutter ants, scorpion venom, snottites, and bioluminescence in fireflies (including aggressive mimicry in Photuris), as inspiration for the five-legged "pentapods" on Janus.
3 "Eden" 2 December 2020
On the planet Eden, in a binary star system, the atmosphere is rich in oxygen, creating ideal conditions for life. A cactus-like parasitic fungus causes white rabbit/moth-like grazing creatures to lose their sense of fear. They are eaten by gremlin/tarsier-like predators, which the fungus kills as part of its life cycle. Ecologist Thomas Crowther talks about the role mycelial networks play in the Rothiemurchus Forest in Scotland. The episode also discusses the effect of predation on reproductive strategies, specifically among guppies in the Arima Valley in Trinidad; cooperation between humans (Hadza hunters in Tanzania) and honeyguide birds in finding and collecting honey; and the mayfly life cycle.
4 "Terra" 2 December 2020
Episode 4 imagines a planet called Terra, whose extremely advanced alien civilization is terraforming and colonizing another planet in its star system. The episode features Noor Power Station in its examination of how civilizations use energy, as well as RASSOR, a robot being developed by NASA. Astrophysicist Adam Frank talks about Area 51, explains why alien life has not yet been discovered, and discusses the possibility of extraterrestrial civilizations elsewhere in the Universe. Astronaut Michael Foale talks about a collision on the Mir space station and the hazard of space radiation to astronauts. Astrobiologist Doug Vakoch talks about the Arecibo message and the possibility of communication with extraterrestrial intelligence.
2019 (Dec 3):[Computing][Quantum] USTC announced in Science that Jiuzhang successfully performed Gaussian boson sampling in 200 seconds, with a maximum of 76 detected photons. The USTC group estimated that it would take 2.5 billion years for the Sunway TaihuLight supercomputer to perform the same calculation. In addition to a quantum computational advantage, Jiuzhang has a Hilbert space 10 billion times larger than Google's superconductor-based Sycamore processor, and as such, is harder to simulate classically. Jiuzhang (Chinese: 九章) is the first photonic quantum computer to claim quantum supremacy. Google's computer was based on superconducting materials, and not photons. Jiuzhang was developed by a team from University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) led by Pan Jianwei and Lu Chaoyang. The computer is named after Jiuzhang suanshu, an ancient Chinese mathematical classic.
2020 (Nov): MiG-29K Pilot Commander Nishant Singh, a qualified flying instructor adept on Kiran, Hawk and MIG-29K fighter aircraft did not survive the MiG-29K crash off Goa. He was a gallant soldier and committed Naval fighter pilot, who laid down his life in the line of his duty. Cdr Nishant Singh was awarded "Nao Sena Medal" (Gallantry) posthumously for his dauntless courage and selfless actions in dire circumstances. His wife Nayaab Randhawa. Cdr was based in Dehradun. His father was also in Navy pilot. His mother is a widow and Nishant was a single child. "Immediately after getting airborne with a trainee pilot from INS Vikramaditya off Goa, the MiG-29K encountered an abrupt, rapid, undemanded, and uncontrolled nose down movement," stated the citation for the gallantry award. Singh retracted the undercarriage and tried to gain altitude, but the fighter jet continued to "pitch down" with a rate of descent of almost 15,000 feet per minute. In the face of the "unprecedented grave emergency", Singh made the "brave and selfless decision" to eject the trainee co-pilot who survived the crash.
2020:[Mntngg][Book] Mountaineering Handbook: 101 Tips and Tricks Pocket Guide to Climbing even the Highest Mountain Paperback – Import, 30 September 2020 by Outdoors Incorporated (Author)
2020:[Mntngg][Extreme] Didier Berthod stopped trying Cobra Crack his partner became pregnant. Didier was unable to to imagine a life as a father and he fell back on his Catholic faith, first becoming a Monk with the Eucharistein Fraternity and later being ordained as a priest. In 2020 he then left the church to pursue 'a more balanced life', including starting climbing again. He has since reconciled with his child and her mother (Previously his partner), and has started making hard fist ascents again such as The Crack of Destiny in Squamish and then, in 2024, coming full circle and climbing Cobra Crack in 2024.
2020:[Realty] 17 Nov 2020 — The Indian construction industry, in value terms, is expected to record a CAGR of 15.7% to reach $738.5 bn by 2022. According to reports (2024), the Indian construction market is projected to reach a value of $1.4 trillion by 2025. 29 Jul 2021 — Notably, the industry's compound annual growth rate (CAGR) increased from 6.36 per cent during 1993-2000 to 9.17 per cent during 2000-2005
2020:[Extreme] This is a list of hotels that have 3,000 or more guest accommodation rooms. Since 2020, the largest hotel in the world is the First World Hotel in Pahang, Malaysia with 6,119 rooms divided between three buildings. The largest single hotel building is the MGM Grand Las Vegas, with 5,124 rooms in one building.
2020:The Adani Group has made numerous acquisitions over the years. In 2022, they acquired Ambuja Cements and ACC for $10.5 billion. In 2020, they acquired a majority stake in Mumbai and Navi Mumbai airports. More recently, in 2023, they acquired NDTV.
Here's a more detailed breakdown:
2022 / Acquisition of Ambuja Cements and ACC from Holcim for $10.5 billion;; Adani Green Energy acquired SB Energy for $3.5 billion;; UAE-based IHC invested $2 billion in three Adani Group companies.
2020 / Acquired a majority stake in Mumbai and Navi Mumbai airports.
2023 / Acquired NDTV.;; Adani Digital Labs launched Adani One.
2021 / Adani Ports & SEZ took over the Agardanda Terminal project.
2024 / Adani Power acquired Reliance Power's former unit, Vidarbha Industries Power Ltd.
2025 / Adani Enterprises acquired an 85.1% stake in Air Works India (Engineering) Pvt. Ltd.
2020:[Cinema][Research] NASA and SpaceX: Journey to the Future - A film crew was granted unprecedented access to NASA and to SpaceX headquarters, giving viewers a rare glimpse inside Launch Control and firsthand accounts ...
2020: [Env][Disaster] In 2020, floods severely affected South Asia due to heavy monsoon rains. The floods caused $105 billion USD of damage.
2020 (Feb 26):[Research][Psychology] Videos 1:03:46 Commonwealth Club World Affairs of California - Brian Greene: Mind, Matter and the Search for Meaning - Brian Greene director of Columbia University's Center for Theoretical Physics and author of until the end of time mined matter and our search for meaning. " the ingenuity that I see to that's required to create great music feels to me very much like the ingenuity that we see at work in problem-solving and understanding the universe I mean what did Einstein doing the special theory of relativity he looked at space-time and light and he rearranged the building blocks in an unexpected way where he made the speed of light constant not space and time cons and he made the speed of light constant which forced space and time to vary that moved that rearrangement of the building blocks of reality is the same kind of ingenuity that you see in Bach right Glenn Gould in discussing the Goldberg Variations describes how the music can be inverted and transformed in a manner that allows the harmonic richness to still prevail so I sort of see this ability to rearrange the world in unexpected ways to be at the heart of problem solving at the heart of ingenuity and therefore it seems to me that the artistic creative predilection and a tendency of our species is deeply connected to why we survived and why we prevailed but that is not something that's universally accepted "
2020 (Dec 31): Global sea levels have risen by about 8 to 9 inches (21-24 cm) since 1880, with the rate of increase accelerating significantly in recent decades. The primary causes are the melting of glaciers and ice sheets and the thermal expansion of warming ocean water. Recent data from NASA shows that the rate of sea level rise more than doubled between 2006–2015 compared to the 20th century, and even accelerated further between 2013 and 2022.
2020:[Who] S Yuvaraja, an IIT postgraduate from Kharagpur, who created an app called Super Tatkal and its Pro version, which made booking train tickets slightly faster. Yuvaraja, however, was arrested last month by the Railway Protection Force. IRCTC tweeted "The software was used illegally to book tkts denying genuine users to book tkts. Use of illegal software is prohibited under Rly act. There is no innovation as autofill features were already available with IRCTC which were disbled to ensure level playing field for all the users,". Indian Railways apparently did not like the Super Tatkal and Super Tatkal Pro. As per reports, Yuvaraja was tracked down by the Cyber Cell of Railway Protection Force (RPF) in Chennai with the help of server source code, application source code, end-users list and his bank statements. The RPF has registered a case under section 143 (2) of the Railway Act. Sources familiar with the matter told some newspapers that the IITian has been creating apps since 2016. He found the IRCTC app to be very slow hence created an alternative app for it.
2020:[ety] "We didn't even get a graduation" - Phrase used by the Class of 2020 any chance they get, especially when a graduation is brought up
2020:[tech][GoI] ARTPARK (AI & Robotics Technology Park) at the Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru, was established in 2020. It is a not-for-profit foundation supported by the Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India, and the Government of Karnataka to promote technology innovations in AI and robotics.
2021:[GeoPolitics][Business] The B40 Balkan Cities Network (B40) is an intercity organization between Balkans cities. The network was established with the Istanbul Declaration signed by 23 mayors at the end of the Istanbul Summit held on 29–30 November 2021 with a “Better Future, Better Cooperation” motto. The aim of the network is to create better cooperation between local governments and contribute to regional development. As of 2024, the network has 54 member cities.
2021:[FnB] Blueberries have not come to India in a specific year, but rather cultivation has become possible and is gaining momentum in recent years due to technological advancements and the introduction of suitable varieties through tissue culture and biotechnology. Commercial cultivation started on a small scale around 2021 with companies importing saplings, and as of 2025, the market is still growing, with most of the supply still being imported.
2021:[Research][Space] In 2021, the American Astronomical Society announced the detection of the Giant Arc; a crescent-shaped string of galaxies that span 3.3 billion light years in length, located 9.2 billion light years from Earth in the constellation Boötes from observations captured by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey.
2021:[Research][Space] Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is recognized as the only source for "new" genes in bacteria.
2021 (Jan 5):[Computing][AI] The original DALL-E was revealed by OpenAI in a blog post, and uses a version of GPT-3 modified to generate images. DALL-E (stylized as DALL·E), DALL-E 2 (April 6, 2022), and DALL-E 3 (Sep 2023) are text-to-image models developed by OpenAI using deep learning methodologies to generate digital images from natural language descriptions, called "prompts".
2021 (Jan 11):[Book] Ratan Tata’s Young Assistant & Millennial Friend, Shantanu Naidu's I Came Upon a Lighthouse: A Short Memoir of Life with Ratan Tata. Shantanu is working in the Tata Trust as deputy general manager since June 2017.
2021: The first flight of GSLV Mk-III with a crew on board would take place.
2021: 16th Census of India.
2021: 16th Census of India.
2021 (Jan 16):[Day] Prime Minister Narendra Modi declared January 16 as National Startup Day in the year 2021. Since then various programs and events are organized by government and non-government organizations to applaud and promote the Indian startup ecosystem.
2021 (Jan 20): [GeoPolitics] 46th POTUS (Democrat) Joe Biden took office following his victory in the 2020 presidential election over Republican incumbent president Donald Trump. He was inaugurated alongside Kamala Harris, the first woman, first African American, and first Asian American vice president. Biden entered office amid the COVID-19 pandemic, an economic crisis, and increased political polarization.
2021 (Mar 23 07:40 EGY (05:40 UTC )): 2021 Suez Canal obstruction. Ever Given, a Golden-class container ship, ran aground in the Suez Canal in Egypt. The 400-metre-long and 200k tonne vessel blocked one of the world's busiest shipping channels for almost a full week. It had been buffeted by a sandstorm and strong winds of up to 74 kilometres per hour, knocking her off course, though authorities stated this was "not the main reason" for the grounding of the ship, saying "there may have been technical or human errors". The ship ran aground on one of the canal's banks and became stuck, completely obstructing the canal and preventing any vessels from passing through. 10 tuck-boats for the rescue of 300+ stranded ships waiting to get thru $10B of Oil, Coffee, Furniture, Cars, Livestock and other consumer goods. [Accordian effect]
2021 (Apr 6):[Space][Book] The God Equation, book by Michio Kaku, The book was initially published on April 6, 2021, by Doubleday.
2021 (Apr 15):[Computing][Quantum][Security][US][Sweden] 'How to factor 2048 bit RSA integers in 8 hours using 20 million noisy qubits.' published Craig Gidney and Martin Ekerå who estimate that factoring RSA-2048 would need 20 million physical qubits and 8 hours.
2021 (May 11):[Book[Fiction] American creative writer Emily Henry's People We Meet on Vacation
2021 (May 18):[Computing][AI] Google announced the LaMDA conversational large language model during the Google I/O keynote, powered by artificial intelligence. The acronym stands for "Language Model for Dialogue Applications".
2021 (May 18):[Book] Daniel Kahneman & Cass R. Sunstein's Noise: A Flaw in Human Judgment
2021 (Jun 16):[Business][China] OnePlus has officially announced its merger with Oppo
2021 (Jun 27): Build Back Better World (B3W) is an international economic initiative undertaken by the Group of Seven (G7). Launched in June 2021, the initiative is designed to provide an alternative to China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) for the infrastructure development of low- and middle-income countries.
2021 (Jun 29):[Computing][AI] GitHub Copilot was first announced by GitHub (not to be confused with, "Copilot X", the name of GitHub's "vision" for next-gen Copilot features) is a cloud-based artificial intelligence tool developed by GitHub and OpenAI to assist users of Visual Studio Code, Visual Studio, Neovim, and JetBrains integrated development environments (IDEs) by autocompleting code. Currently available by subscription to individual developers and to businesses, and works best for users coding in Python, JavaScript, TypeScript, Ruby, and Go.
2021 (Jul):[Business][China] OnePlus merged OxygenOS, its Android-based operating system used since the OnePlus X and Oppo's ColorOS.
2021 (Jul 11): Also India's first cryptogamic garden housing nearly 50 species of lichens, ferns and fungi was inaugurated in Uttarakhand's Dehradun district on Sunday. Located in the district's Chakrata town, the garden was inaugurated by social activist Anoop Nautiyal.
2021 (Aug 17): [GeoPolitics] Taliban Militants Ride in Bumper Cars With Guns, Have Fun at Kabul Amusement Park After Capturing Afghanistan.
2021 (Aug 30): [GeoPolitics] Withdrawal of United States troops from Afghanistan (2020–2021). Last troops exit Afghanistan, ending America’s longest war.
2021 (Sep 7): Country President Nayib Bukele officially announced Bitcoin as legal tender in El Salvador (Central America), making it the first country to adopt the currency. The move has turned the Central American country into the first national experiment regarding the use of the often volatile currency, which is increasingly popular among many investors and speculators globally.
2021 (Sep 15): AUKUS announced, also styled as Aukus, is a trilateral security pact between Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States, for the Indo-Pacific region. Under the pact, the US and the UK will help Australia to acquire nuclear-powered submarines.
2021 (Sep 24): Bitcoin takes a hit as China declares all cryptocurrency transactions illegal. The decision was made "in order to safeguard people's properties and maintain economic, financial and social order," the People's Bank of China has said.
2021 (Sep 30):[Cinema][Research] Countdown: Inspiration4 Mission to Space.
2021 (Oct 16):[Space][Research] Lucy is a NASA space probe on a twelve-year journey to eight different asteroids, visiting two main belt asteroids as well as six Jupiter trojans, asteroids which share Jupiter's orbit around the Sun, orbiting either ahead of or behind the planet. All target encounters will be flyby encounters. The Lucy spacecraft is the centerpiece of a US$981 million mission. Lucy was launched from Cape Canaveral SLC-41 on 16 October 2021, at 09:34 UTC on the 401 variant of a United Launch Alliance Atlas V launch vehicle. It gained one gravity assist from Earth on the 16th of October, 2022, and after making a flyby of the asteroid 152830 Dinkinesh in 2023, it will gain another gravity assist from Earth in 2024. In 2025, it will fly by the inner main-belt asteroid 52246 Donaldjohanson, which was named after the discoverer of the Lucy hominin fossil. In 2027, it will arrive at the L4 Trojan cloud (the Greek camp of asteroids that orbits about 60° ahead of Jupiter), where it will fly by four Trojans, 3548 Eurybates (with its satellite), 15094 Polymele, 11351 Leucus, and 21900 Orus. After these flybys, Lucy will return to Earth in 2031 for another gravity assist toward the L5 Trojan cloud (the Trojan camp which trails about 60° behind Jupiter), where it will visit the binary Trojan 617 Patroclus with its satellite Menoetius in 2033. The mission may end with the Patroclus–Menoetius flyby, but at that point Lucy will be in a stable, 6-year orbit between the L4 and L5 clouds, and a mission extension will be possible. On 4 January 2017, Lucy was chosen, along with the Psyche mission, as NASA's Discovery Program missions 13 and 14 respectively.
2021 (Nov 15):[Computing][Quantum] IBM announces 127-qubit Eagle Quantum Processor with packaging and controls as key advancement. IBM expects to achieve a 1,121-qubit quantum processor - and quantum advantage - by 2023.
2021 (Nov 17): [GeoPolitics] 2021–2022 Russo-Ukrainian crisis: Reports of Russian military buildups prompted American officials to warn the European Union that Russia could be planning a potential invasion of Ukraine.
2021: Mumbai has most number of millionaire households at 20,300, followed by Delhi (17,400) and Kolkata (10,500) - Hurun India Wealth Report 2021
2021 (Dec 14): For the first time in history, a spacecraft has touched the Sun. NASA’s Parker Solar Probe has now flown through the Sun’s upper atmosphere – the corona – and sampled particles and magnetic fields there. The spacecraft is able to survive such high temperatures due to a carbon-composite shield that is 4.5-inch-thick and can withstand temperatures up to 1,377 degrees Celsius. The forthcoming flyby on Feb 25th will be the spacecraft's 11th out of the 24 planned ones.
2021 Dec 25):[Space][Research] The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is a space telescope specifically designed to conduct infrared astronomy. Its high-resolution and high-sensitivity instruments allow it to view objects too old, distant, or faint for the Hubble Space Telescope.[9] This enables investigations across many fields of astronomy and cosmology, such as observation of the first stars and the formation of the first galaxies, and detailed atmospheric characterization of potentially habitable exoplanets. The Webb was launched on 25 December 2021 on an Ariane 5 rocket from Kourou, French Guiana. In January 2022 it arrived at its destination, a solar orbit near the Sun–Earth L2 Lagrange point, about 1.5 million kilometers (930,000 mi) from Earth.
2021-22: India has more than 100 million tonnes of foodgrains in state-held granaries. The country had projected farm output to touch a record 316 million tonne in 2021-22.
2021:[Business] India's two major stock exchanges, BSE and the National Stock Exchange of India, had a market capitalisation of US$1.71 trillion and US$1.68 trillion as of February 2015, according to the World Federation of Exchanges, which grew to $3.36 trillion and $3.31 trillion respectively by September 2021.
2021 (Apr 24): Nithyananda wrote to the United Nations in 2021, claiming persecution and seeking recognition of his new "Hindu nation" Kailaasa. He also claimed attempts at mob lynching and assassination as reasons he was forced to withdraw himself from Indian society. The Gujarat Police suspected that he could be shuffling between Ecuador and Trinidad and Tobago, while news reports said that he may have gone to Ecuador because the country does not have an extradition treaty with India.
2021: Population of US states, Top-4, California 40M, Texas 30M, Florida 22M, and New York 20M. Bottom-4: Wyoming 5.8L, Vermont 6.5L, District of Columbia 7L, and Alaska 7.3L
2021 (Jul 4):[Music][India] हमारे साथ श्री रघुनाथ...| संत श्री प्रेमभूषण जी महाराज
2021:[Mntngg][Book] Rock Climbing for Beginners: A Complete Beginner’s Guide to Mountaineering Paperback – Import, 25 November 2021
2021:[Env][Disaster] The 2021 South India floods are a series of floods associated with Depression BOB 05 and a low pressure system that caused widespread disruption across the Indian states of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, and the nearby Sri Lanka. The rainfall started on 1 November in Tamil Nadu.
2021:[Env][Disaster] A series of floods took place across the Indian State of Maharashtra in 2021. As of 28 July 2021, around 251 people have died and over 100 are still missing due to floods and landslides. 13 districts have been affected in western Maharashtra.[2] Damage was calculated to be Rs4,000 crore (US$539 million).
The most affected regions were the districts of Raigad, Ratnagiri, Sindhudurg, Satara, Sangli and Kolhapur.[7] Due to heavy rains, more than 1,020 villages were affected in these districts. Over 375,000 people have been evacuated, of whom around 206,000 were from Sangli district and around 150,000 from Kolhapur district.[7] There have been more than 28,700 poultry deaths and around 300 other animal deaths in Kolhapur, Sangli, Satara and Sindhudurg districts.[7] Initial estimates state that over 2 lakh (200,000) hectares of crops have been damaged in the floods.
2021:[Env][Disaster] Following heavy rain in September 2021, the Saurashtra region of Gujarat state of India was affected by severe flooding. It resulted in the deaths of at least six people. Starting 12 September 2021, Jamnagar, Rajkot, Junagadh as well as districts of Saurashtra were severely affected by heavy rain in short period of time resulting in flood. Several roads were damaged and connectivity was lost for several villages. A national highway and 18 state highways were closed in these districts.
2021:[Env][Disaster] Uttarakhand has experienced multiple natural disasters, including the 2013 Kedarnath floods and the 2021 Chamoli flood caused by a rock and ice avalanche, with other significant events including earthquakes, landslides, forest fires, and cloudbursts, which are exacerbated by factors like hill cutting for development and the construction of dams.
2021 (Dec 17):[Military] For the first time in the country, a disabled cadet, Yogesh Yadav has been inducted into the airforce. In the passing out parade held at the Air Force Academy in Dundigal(Hyderabad) on Friday, the Chief of the Air Staff, Air Chief Marshal VR Choudhary himself inducted him as a flying officer in the Air Force at the Peeping Ceremony.
2021:[Who] "You can't slander me because I will state right now that I am absolutely sexist and I'm absolutely a misogynist, and I have fuck you money and you can't take that away.", said by Andrew Tate on Anything Goes with James English Interview.
2021:[Space] There have been 6,100 successful rocket launches since the start of the space age in 1957, and they have put some 12,020 satellites in orbit.
2021:[Space] The total mass of space debris in Earth's orbit is over 9,500 tonnes. Breakdown of Space Debris by Size Large Debris (10cm and larger): Approximately 34,000 to 36,500 objects. Medium Debris (1-10cm): An estimated 900,000 to 1 million objects. Small Debris (1mm-1cm): Estimated at around 130 million objects. These high-speed fragments, which can include fragments of spacecraft, rocket stages, and paint flecks, pose a significant collision risk to active satellites and missions. Objects in orbit travel at speeds up to 17,500 mph (7.8 km/s), which is fast enough to cause significant damage to a satellite or spacecraft. According to NASA, there are around 23,000 pieces of debris larger than a baseball orbiting the Earth, half a million scraps of material about the size of a marble or slightly larger (up to 1 centimetre or more), and approximately 100 million fragments measuring around one millimetre or more.
2021 (Jun 4):[meds][business] Wegovy (injection) (semaglutide); Rybelsus (R2 formulation) (semaglutide) (rebranded as Ozempic tablets January 30, 2026) December 9, 2024
----------------------------------------- 75 years of Independent India --------------------------------------------
2022:[Extreme] Approximately 117 billion humans have lived on Earth throughout history. This number includes all people who have ever been born, including those alive today. The current world population is about 8 billion, which means that roughly 117 billion - 8 billion = 109 billion people have already passed away. (We first made this estimate in 1995 and have updated it periodically since then.)
2022 (Jan 20): 5G rollout in US: Air India, Emirates, other major international airlines cancel US flights. AT&T and Verizon have said their equipment will not interfere with aircraft electronic. Of particular concern appears to be the Boeing 777. Emirates only flies that model and the Airbus A380 jumbo jet.
2022 (Jan 31): [UAE corporate tax] The UAE government’s set to introduce a 9% federal corporate tax on business profits (tax threshold of 375,000 dirhams ($102,100) in annual profits) from June 2023. Earlier measures had already dented the UAE’s status as a tariff-free haven for both businesses and individuals. The Gulf oil exporter introduced a 5% value-added tax in 2018 and later imposed a 5% customs duty on imports. It already taxes banks and insurance companies operating outside of the country’s vast network of free zones as much as 20% on their profits. Saudi Arabia Eyes 7,000 Global Firms as Dubai Rivalry Heats Up.
2022 (Feb): 5,758,701 deaths due to COVID. 3 most affected countries are US (9.2L), Brazil (6.3L) and India (5L). Micronesia, Saint Helena, and Marshall Islands least affected nations.
2022 (Feb): The study made by Cowie and his team indicates that something around 7.5% to 13% of species has disappeared since 1500, which suggests that we’re heading towards mass extinction. A team led by Prof. Robert Cowie, from the University of Hawaii, argues in a study published by Biological Reviews that it “seems increasingly likely” that we’re in the early stages of a new mass extinction. A good example of the incoming sixth mass extinction is the disappearance of bees and butterflies around the globe. According to The Guardian, the bumblebee population in Europe and North America has declined over 30% in the span of a single generation, which points to mass extinction. National Geographic reports that over 450 species of butterflies in the US Southwest are also disappearing.
2022: Mars window opens at every 2 years. SpaceX would be having 2 BFRs at Mars by Now.
2022 (Feb 10 07:00 to 18:00IST):[India] 2022 Assembly elections - A total of 403 Assembly constituencies in Uttar Pradesh are going to the polls in from February 10 to March 7, 2022 in 7 phases to elect the MLAs for the next Uttar Pradesh state Assembly. The counting of votes will be held on Thursday, March 10, 2022. Around 2.06 crores voters of UP are eligible to exercise their franchise.
2022 (Feb 12): The Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) has registered an FIR against ABG Shipyard Ltd and its directors, including chairman and managing director Rishi Kamlesh Agarwal, in what could be the biggest bank fraud case in the history of India. On Saturday, the firm was booked for allegedly defrauding 28 banks (incl. SBI, led by the ICICI Bank) to the tune of ₹22,842 crore. War of words break out between Congress, BJP.
2022 (Feb 14):[Crime][India] Babloo Shrivastava - The arrested accused are identified as Cyril Macwana, 54, Pravin Shirwale, 43, and Prakash Nair, 54.
2022 (Feb 17): [Russo-Ukrainian crisis] Russia amassed biggest force seen in Europe in decades in and around Ukraine. Russia's annexation of Ukraine's Crimea in 2014. War in Donbas beginning in Mar 2014. Kyiv . Western-led NATO vs Russia-led CSTO, as Ukraine tries to join NATO.
2022 (Feb 17): Qualcomm announced an upgrade over WiFi 6. The WiFi 7 is the next-generation wireless connectivity standard which is expected to be two times the internet speed and half the latency compared to the WiFi 6.
2022 (Feb 18): A list shared by WHO shows that nine countries and territories have reported zero COVID-19 cases so far. The list includes Tuvalu, Turkmenistan, Tokelau, Saint Helena, Pitcairn Islands, Niue, Nauru, Micronesia, and North Korea. Europe has reported the highest number of cases, followed by Americas and South-East Asia, according to the WHO list.
2022 (Feb 18): Kuwait permits women in combat but bans them from carrying arms. Kuwait had allowed women in combat roles in October 2021.
2022 (Feb 18): Kim Jong-un makes people stand in -15°C as he himself uses hidden heaters, makes people to hear a speech about his father.
2022 (Feb 18): Singapore to hike taxes on ultra-rich to raise revenue for post-COVID future. Those with chargeable income in excess of S$500,000 and up to S$1 million will be taxed at 23 per cent, up from the current 22 per cent levied on income in excess of S$320,000.For chargeable income in excess of S$1 million, the personal income tax rate will go up to 24 per cent from the existing 22 per cent.
2022 (Feb 18): Microsoft Co-founder Bill Gates was conferred the Hilal-e-Pakistan award by Pakistan President Arif Alvi for his contribution to "eradication of polio and the betterment of the people" of the country. The award, which is Pakistan's second-highest civilian award, was given to Gates on his first-ever visit to Pakistan. PM Imran Khan also hosted a luncheon in honour of Gates.
2022 (Feb 18): Free Trade Agreement (FTA) signed between India and UAE. Both the countries are aiming to raise bilateral trade to $100 billion in five years from about $60 billion now.It will particularly help labour-intensive sectors, including textiles and garments, agriculture, leather and footwear, where domestic exporters typically operate at thin margins and compete with low-cost economies like Bangladesh and Vietnam.
2022: According to the data by Statista, India consumes approximately 83 million tonnes of milk every year — which makes it one of the most consumed items in the country.
2022: SENSEX levels since pre-COVID-19 (41,600 on Mar 2020) to 2022 Russo-Ukraine war (54,443) : 27,590 (2020 Apr 3), 47,705 (2021 Apr 20).
2022 (Mar 3): Indian investors can now directly invest in eight US stocks (with 42 more to be made available this week), such as Alphabet (Google), Amazon, Tesla, Meta Platforms (Facebook), Microsoft, Apple, Netflix, and Walmart, starting from today (March 3), on the NSE International Exchange or NSE International Financial Services Centre (NSE IFSC).
2022 (Mar 4): A huge piece of a rocket scrap, weighing three tonnes, is set to crash into the moon on Friday, creating a crater which could be as big as 33 feet to 66 feet (10 to 20 meters). So strong will the impact of the crash be that moon dust could fly hundreds of kilometres across the barren, pockmarked surface. Spacecraft have been intentionally crashed into the moon before for scientific purposes, such as during the Apollo missions to test seismometers, but this is the first unintended collision to moon.
2022 (Mar 5): Russia-Ukraine crisis: Over 350 Ukrainian civilians killed; Russian forces resume 'offensive actions' after Mariupol ceasefire. Zelenskyy claims '10,000 Russians troops killed'. 'Stay inside' India tells nearly 700 Indian students stranded in Ukraine's Sumy, which is located 60 km from the Russian border. According to the UN, over 1.37 million people have fled Ukraine since the Russian invasion began on 24 February.
2022 (Mar): In 2021, TCS bought back more than 53 million shares at Rs 3,000 a share and 33.33 million shares were accepted under the offer. In 2017 and 2018 as well, it undertook two buybacks and the size was around Rs 16,000 crore each. At the end of September 2021, TCS had cash and cash equivalents of Rs 51,950 crore. The latest move comes after Tata Sons bought Air India from the government for Rs 18,000 crore. The firm will pay Rs 2,700 crore to the government and the rest will go to paying debt. Tata Sons holds a 72 percent stake in TCS currently. In September 2021, Infosys announced a buyback of Rs 9,200 crore while in January 2021 Wipro conducted a Rs 9,500 crore buyback. In 2018, HCL Tech had undertaken a Rs 4000 crore buyback.
2022 (Mar 5): China to spend $230 billion on defence in 2022
2022 (Mar 6): Ukraine has asked the IMF for $1.4 billion in emergency financing.
2022 (Mar 6): The reports stated how one of the largest ancient city, Aten dated to the reign of Amenhotep III, one of Egypt's most powerful pharaohs. He ruled from 1391 to 1353 BC.
2022 (Mar 6): Dr. James Q. Quach, a Ramsay Fellow in the School of Physical Sciences, and the Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS) at the University of Adelaide, summed it up: “Quantum batteries, which use quantum mechanical principles to enhance their capabilities, require less charging time the bigger they get.”
2022 (Mar 5): The election commission of India has banned the publication of exit polls till the conclusion of voting in Uttar Pradesh. The exit polls will be released around 7pm tomorrow. The opinion polls were released before the announcement of the poll schedule and had predicted an edge for the BJP while keeping the Samajwadi Party in the contest. Chief Electoral Officer Ajay Kumar Shukla.
2022 (Mar 7): Ukraine conflict puts Brent oil at $120 a barrel, a 10-year high. i.e ₹9238/191L or ₹48.36/L. On Mar 7, Brent crude traded $12.73 higher at $130.84, while US crude surged $9.92 to $125.60.
2022 (Mar 8):[GeoPolitics] After actions led by the US and European nations, American Express Co. and Netflix Inc also suspended services in the country making Russia becomes world's most-sanctioned nation (2778 new, total 5530 now) after Ukraine war, surpasses Iran (3616), Syria (2608), and North Korea (2077). Financial Nuclear War - the Largest Sactions Event so far. Russia went from being part of the global economy to the single largest target of global sanctions and a financial pariah in less than two weeks. "The nation leading the penalties against Russia is Switzerland with 568 sanctions actions, compared with 518 for the European Union and 512 for France. The US has imposed 243 sanctions actions," Bloomberg reported.
2022 (Mar 8): Technology major Microsoft will establish its largest and fourth data centre in the country in Hyderabad with an investment of Rs 15,000 crore over a period of 15 years. The company already has data centres in Pune, Mumbai and Chennai.
2022 (Mar 9): A bipartisan group of US senators have teamed up to propose a bill that would prevent Russia from using its $132 billion gold stockpile to ease the burden of crippling Western sanctions, expected to pass by Fri, Mar 11. The Kremlin boosted its its gold holdings in response to US sanctions after Russia invaded Crimea in 2014. And gold purchases ($2000ounce) have stepped up again in the last two weeks since Moscow launched its war against Ukraine.
Leonardo DiCaprio Donates $10M (~₹76 Crore) To Support His Grandmother's Native Country Ukraine.
2022 (Mar 10 08:30IST): Counting of votes polled in EVMs begins for Indian State Assembly Elections in Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Uttarakhand, Goa and Manipur. The election results for the five states will come out by late evening or even by night, in case there is a hung assembly.1997
2022 (Mar 19):[GeoPolitics] Syrian President embarked to the UAE, making it a first visit by a Syrian President to an Arab nation in 11 years. Meanwhile, the US says it is disappointed by Assad's visit.
2022 (Mar 19):[Research] Dr Wijnand Van Tilburg of the University of Essex’s department of psychology, who led the study for the World's Most Boring Person, warned that people being seen as “boring” could adversely impact the individuals: they may be shunned and become lonely or even be put at greater risk of mental health issues, harm and addiction.
2022 (May): 5G Spectrum Auction in India likely to take place in May 2022.
2022:[Art][EMEA] Germany transferred ownership of 1,100 Benin Bronzes to Nigeria. Now, Cameroon (Ngonnso in Humboldt Forum, Berlin), Congo, Indonesia (Lombok diamond) and Nepal (Dallas Museum of Art) are focused on reclaiming heritage works that were plundered or lost from their lands. Indonesia (Dutch Europe, primarily Netherlands), Congo (Belgium),
Explorers, Soldiers, Govt Representatives, Merchnats, Missionaries, Academics and Tourists
2022 (Jun 11):[Computing][AI] Blake Lemoine Says Google's LaMDA AI Faces 'Bigotry'. LaMDA (Language Model for Dialogue Applications) is a family of conversational large language models developed by Google. Originally developed and introduced as Meena in 2020, the first-generation LaMDA was announced during the 2021 Google I/O keynote, while the second generation was announced the following year. In June 2022, LaMDA gained widespread attention when Google engineer Blake Lemoine made claims that the chatbot had become sentient.
2022 (Jul 04):[Crime][India] ED and NIA raids 29 props of Dawood in Mumbai
2022 (Jul 11):[Space][Research] The JWST telescope's first image was released to the public.
2022 (Jul 12):[Computing][AI] Midjourney is a generative artificial intelligence program and service created and hosted by San Francisco-based independent research lab Midjourney, Inc. Midjourney generates images from natural language descriptions, called "prompts", similar to OpenAI's DALL-E and Stability AI's Stable Diffusion.
2022 (Sep 22):[Cinema][Research] A Trip to Infinity is a 2022 Netflix documentary film directed by Jonathan Halperin and Drew Takahashi, in their feature length debut, which explores the concept of infinity through interviews with mathematicians, physicists and philosophers around the world.
The "apple in a box" thought experiment is primarily associated with the Netflix documentary "A Trip to Infinity", where it's used to illustrate the concept of infinity and the potential for all possible states of a system to eventually occur given enough time. While the documentary features the concept, it doesn't claim a specific individual as its originator. The idea is related to the recurrence theorem in physics, which suggests that a system, under certain conditions, will eventually return to a state arbitrarily close to its initial state after a sufficiently long time.
The "apple in a box" thought experiment is primarily associated with the Netflix documentary A Trip to Infinity, where it's used to illustrate the concept of infinity and the potential for all possible states of matter to occur given enough time. Physicist Anthony Aguirre is mentioned in the context of this thought experiment. The idea is that, if an apple were placed in a sealed box for an infinite amount of time, its fundamental particles would cycle through every possible state, eventually leading to the apple reforming itself as it was initially.
2022 (Nov 9):[Computing][Quantum] IBM unveils 433 qubit Osprey quantum processor with miniaturization of components as key advancement, fancy chandelier that led to quantum-safe algorithms.
2022 (Nov 23):[www][Crime] In 2022, AIIMS New Delhi experienced a ransomware attack that encrypted 1.3 TB of data and affected five physical servers. The attack, potentially using a zero-day exploit, disrupted critical applications and led to significant operational disruption. While the ransom demand was reportedly not specific, the incident highlighted vulnerabilities in AIIMS's IT network, including improper network segmentation.
2022 (Nov 30):[Computing][AI] ChatGPT launched, which stands for Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer, is a large language model-based chatbot developed by OpenAI. It enables users to refine and steer a conversation towards a desired length, format, style, level of detail, and language. Successive prompts and replies, known as prompt engineering, are considered at each conversation stage as a context.
2022:[Cinema][Research] Return to Space is an American documentary film made for Netflix and directed by Jimmy Chin and Elizabeth Chai Vasarhelyi. Its story follows Elon Musk's and SpaceX employees' two-decade mission to send NASA astronauts back to the International Space Station and revolutionize space travel.
2022:[Cinema][Research] Our Universe ft Morgan Freeman - The story of the universe over billions of years and its inextricable link to life on Earth.
2022:[Env][Disaster] 2022 India–Bangladesh floods - Beginning in May 2022, deadly floods hit northeastern India and Bangladesh. Over 9 million people in both countries have been affected, and around 300 people were killed.
2022:[SpaceX] 2022 EB₅ was a small, two-metre Apollo near-Earth asteroid that disintegrated in Earth's atmosphere at 21:22 UTC on 11 March 2022, over the Arctic Ocean southwest of the Norwegian island Jan Mayen. Wikipedia Orbital period: 1,739 days Discoverer: Krisztián Sárneczky Discovered: 11 March 2022 Asteroid group: Apollo asteroid
2022:[SpaceX] 2022 WJ₁, formerly designated C8FF042, was a small, harmless ≈1-metre near-Earth asteroid or meteoroid that impacted Earth's atmosphere on 19 November 2022 at 08:27 UT in Southern Ontario, Canada, above the Golden Horseshoe region, southwest of Toronto. A fireball was widely visible. Wikipedia Discovered: 19 November 2022 Orbital period: 0.0007 hours Mean diameter: 0.4 – 0.6 m Discoverer: David Rankin Asteroid group: Apollo asteroid Earth MOID: 0.000256 AU (38,300 km; 0.100 LD) Mean anomaly: 310.198°
2022:[Business] Andrew Tate operated Hustler's University, a proprietary platform where members paid a US$49.99 monthly membership fee to receive instruction on ways to make money outside traditional employment, such as cryptocurrency, copywriting, and e-commerce, which was facilitated by prerecorded videos and a Discord server.[57] The site employed an affiliate marketing program, where members received a commission for recruiting others to the platform.
2022:[Env][Extreme][mntngg] Despite modern improvements to climbing gear, the fatality rate of summit attempts on Kanchenjunga is high. While there had been 532 successful summits as of May 2022, 52 climbers had lost their lives on the mountain. 10 more climbers had died on Yalung Kang (Kangchenjunga West), one of several satellite peaks in the massif, which features routes to the summit of Kangchenjunga.
2022:[Env][Extreme][mntngg] As of May 2022, there had been 1,089 successful summits and 22 deaths on Lhotse. A further 10 deaths had occurred on Lhotse Shar, a subsidiary mountain of Lhotse that offers a more difficult climb to Lhotse's peak than the standard route.
2022 (Mar): The global wellness market is $1.5 trillion, 5-10% CAGR. Health, Fitness, Nutrition, Sleep, Mindfulness and Appearance ($4.2 trillion - 2019, CB Insights)
2022:[India][AI] Launched in 2022 by IISc/ARTPARK and Google, Project Vaani is a pioneering initiative aimed at creating an open-source multi-modal dataset that truly represents India's linguistic diversity. This dataset is unique in its geo-centric approach, allowing for the collection of dialects and languages spoken in remote regions rather than focusing solely on mainstream languages. Vaani targets the collection of over 150,000 hours of speech and 15,000 hours of transcribed text data from 1 million people across all 773 districts, ensuring diversity in language, dialects, and demographics.
2022 (May 13):[meds][business] FDA Approved: Yes (First approved May 13, 2022) Brand name: Mounjaro Generic name: tirzepatide Dosage form: Injection Company: Eli Lilly and Company Treatment for: Type 2 Diabetes. Mounjaro (tirzepatide) is a glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults and pediatric patients 10 years of age and older with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
2022:[law] Suicides among married men in India are rising, with over 83,000 married men taking their lives in 2022, accounting for over 70% of all male suicides. Data shows married men are over 2.5 times more likely to die by suicide than married women, with family disputes, legal pressures, and marital discord identified as major factors.
2022:[climate] Global sea levels are currently rising at an accelerating rate, averaging approximately 4.5 mm per year (0.17 inches/year) between 2011 and 2020. This rate has more than doubled from about 1.4 mm/year during most of the 20th century to over 3.3 mm/year between 1993 and 2022, driven primarily by ocean warming and melting land ice. The rate of increase has grown from 0.08 inches/year (0.2 cm) in 1993 to 0.17 inches/year (0.44 cm) by 2023.
2023: [GeoPolitics][Military][Economics] BRICS nations announce plans for currency alternatives; Saudi Arabia begins accepting Chinese Yuan for oil sales [[16:22](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vYJri1eNRyc&t=982)].
2023:[Env][Disaster] On 19 July 2023 at approximately 22:30 local time, a landslide occurred in Raigad, Maharashtra, India. The landslide was caused by torrential rains, and resulted in at least 26 deaths,[2] with more than 100 estimated trapped under debris. In the days leading up to the landslide, India experienced significant rains, with the Yamuna river at its highest level in 45 years.[8] The region where the landslide occurred had been under an "orange" alert over the two days before the event.
The landslide occurred 9:30 on 19 July 2023, in the remote mountain hamlet of Irshalwadi, approximately 60 kilometres (37 mi) from Mumbai, the capital of Maharashtra. The village resides close to Irshalgad fort, which is a popular weekend trekking spot. The majority of the villagers are from the Thakur Adivasi community and have been residing in this region for many generations.[9] Over 98 people were rescued, and 26 bodies had been recovered.[2] Nine members of a family died.[10] Maharashtra's deputy chief minister, Devendra Fadnavis, told the state assembly that an estimated 225 people lived in the hamlet.
2023:[Computing][Quantum] IBM-Bluefors Cryogenics Quantum Computer operates at 15 millikelvin.
2023 (Jan 9):[Computing][Quantum][Polity][US] Quantum Computing Cybersecurity Bill signed into Law. It talks about quantum-resistant cryptography i.e. moving away from the present-day RSA encryption (which worked effectively for 40 years, starting 1970s).
2023:[Computing][Quantum][Security] The current estimate is that breaking a 1,024-bit or 2,048-bit RSA key requires a quantum computer with vast resources. Specifically, those resources are about 20 million qubits and about eight hours of them running in superposition.
2023:[Computing][Quantum][Security] Fujitsu researchers found that cracking an RSA key would require a fault-tolerant quantum computer with a scale of roughly 10,000 qubits and 2.23 trillion quantum gates, and even then, the computation would require about 104 days.
2023:If Fujitsu's result drops the physical qubit count from 20 million to 10,000, that's a huge breakthrough; if instead they need 10,000 logical qubits, then that's much more than Gidney and Ekerå, who estimate that factoring RSA-2048 would need 20 million physical qubits and 8 hours.
2023 (Jan 9):GOA GUTKHA owner Jagdishprasad Mohanlal Joshi and two others were convicted by a special court in Mumbai on Monday and sentenced to 10 years in jail on charges including criminal conspiracy and for assisting in setting up gutkha manufacturing units for fugitive gangster Dawood Ibrahim and his brother Anees Ibrahim in 2002..
2023 (Jan 27):[Art][Music][Culture] 1st SCO Film Festival in Mumbai. Pakistan was invited but didn't participated.
2023:[Computing][AI] Google announced Bard, a conversational artificial intelligence chatbot powered by LaMDA, to counter the rise of OpenAI's ChatGPT.
2023 (Feb 6 01:17UTC):[Earth] a Mw 7.8 earthquake struck southern and central Turkey and northern and western Syria. The epicenter was 37 km (23 mi) west–northwest of Gaziantep. The earthquake had a maximum Mercalli intensity of XII (Extreme) around the epicenter and in Antakya. It was followed by a Mw 7.7 earthquake at 13:24. This earthquake was centered 95 km (59 mi) north-northeast from the first. There were 50,783 deaths, 297 missing and 107,204 injured across 11 of the 17 affected provinces of Turkey. At least 15.73 million people and 4 million buildings were affected. About 345,000 apartments were destroyed.
2023: The 2023 ICC Cricket World Cup is scheduled to be hosted by India.
2023 (Mar 9): Rape-accused self-styled godman Nithyananda, who fled the country last year, on Ganesh Chaturthi unveiled the currency of Kailasa, the country he claims to have founded on an island off the Ecuador coast. The currency is named 'Kailashian Dollar'.
2023 (Mar 22):[Technology][Polity][US][Security] 'Pause Giant AI Experiments: An Open Letter' is the title of a letter published by the Future of Life Institute in March 2023. The letter calls "all AI labs to immediately pause for at least 6 months the training of AI systems more powerful than GPT-4", citing risks such as AI-generated propaganda, extreme automation of jobs, human obsolescence, and a society-wide loss of control.It received more than 20,000 signatures, including academic AI researchers and industry CEOs such as Yoshua Bengio, Stuart Russell, Elon Musk, Steve Wozniak and Yuval Noah Harari.
2023 (Apr 1):[Disaster] 2023 North India heavy rainfall and floods: The state of Himachal Pradesh was the hardest hit, with at least 330 dead, 38 missing and more than 100 injured during flooding since 1 April. More than 1,000 roads were blocked in the state as a result of downed power lines and other damaged infrastructure. Approximately 70,000 tourists were evacuated from the state, as reported by Chief Minister Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu. Rescue operations were led by teams from the Indian army and the National Disaster Response Force. Several districts experienced an entire month's worth of rainfall within a single day. In Manali, roads were swept away by the deluge, leaving both tourists and their vehicles stranded.
2023 (Apr 14):[Case] On 14 April 2023, acting on a writ petition, the Manipur High Court ordered the state government to send a recommendation to the central government on the demand for a Scheduled Tribe status by the valley-based Meitei community, a decision later criticised by the Supreme Court. To protest the Meitei demands for the scheduled tribe status, the All Tribal Students' Union Manipur conducted peaceful protest marches on 3 May. After one of these marches, clashes broke out between Kuki and Meitei groups near the border between the Churachandpur district and Bishnupur district, followed by house burning.
2023 (Apr 18):[Disaster] Avalanche on Mt. Annapurna. Himachal Pradesh's Baljeet Kaur (27YO) was found alive on April 18, a day after she went missing near Camp IV of Mt. Annapurna while descending from the summit point. Rajasthan's Anurag Malu (34YO) fell 260 ft from 6000ft alt and broke-off 2 trenches, got fainted after 12hrs and rescued after 3 days. Noel Hanna, who had climbed Mount Everest 10 times, scaled the 8,091 meters (26,545 feet) Annapurna peak in west Nepal on Monday and died in Camp IV for unknown reasons.
2023 (Apr 26):[Extreme] Nepal issues record 463 permits to climb Mount Everest so far this spring season. Some 367 male and 96 female climbers from 65 countries have received permission, with most app from American and Chinese nationals. These tourists will be accompanied by more than 1,500 Nepali Sherpas and other staff at the base camp and above. To avoid overcrowding, Nepali authorities say they are setting up more than one rope wherever possible. Spring is the prime time to climb Mount Everest, although some mountaineers might climb in the less favorable autumn season. Most climbers try to ascend the peak in May. There’s a brief window of time – usually after mid-May – when temperatures are warmer, and the high-altitude winds known as the jet stream have moved away from the mountains.
2023 (Apr 20): Anurag Maloo, the 34-year-old mountaineer from Kishangarh in Rajasthan who went missing at Mt Annapurna on Mon, Apr 17 has been rescued after almost 72 hours on Thu, Apr 20 morning. Anurag's father Om Prakash Maloo, a marble trader, and his mother, Pushpa, a homemaker, are at their residence in Kishangarh. "Anurag has been rescued. He is alive but his condition is critical. Right now the focus is on his treatment," Sudhir Maloo, Anurag's cousin, said in a video soon after Anurag was rescued. Sudhir Maloo - Senior Technical Director - Kapture CX (17+ YOE in Software Development)
We are deeply indebted to Adam Bielecki (@adamtheclimber) and Mariusz Hatala, Tashi sherpa for going inside crevasse to rescue. Dr.Ashim & team at Manipal Hospital for giving 4 hours CPR due to which he revived miraculously, said Aashish Maloo, Anurag's another brother.
2023 (May 1):[Disaster][Extreme][Aviation][Travel][Military][LATAM][Colombia] The children were traveling with their mother from the Amazonian village of Araracuara to the town of San José del Guaviare when the single-engine Cessna plane crashed early May 1, nose-diving into dense undergrowth. Rescuers found the bodies of all three adults on board when the crash site was discovered 16 days later — but not the children. Manuel Ranoque, the father of the two youngest children, said at a news conference Sunday that Lesly, 13, told him her mother was alive for about four days after the crash and had told the children to leave her and look after themselves. The four children — Lesly, 13; Soleiny, 9; Tien Noriel, 4; and Cristin, 1 — were found thin but very much alive Friday after a rescue operation that combed through more than 1,600 miles of dense forest. Operation Hope led by Gen. Pedro Sánchez. Ulefone Armor 3W
2023 (May 3):[Case] Ethnic violence erupted in India's north-eastern state of Manipur between the Meitei people, a majority that lives in the Imphal Valley, and the Kuki-Zo tribal community from the surrounding hills. According to government figures, as of 3 May 2024, 221 people have been killed in the violence and 60,000 people have been displaced. Earlier figures also mentioned over 1,000 injured, and 32 missing. 4,786 houses were burnt and 386 religious structures were vandalized, including temples and churches. Unofficial figures are higher. While the situation in Churachandpur is limping back to normal, ITLF said the forum would continue non-cooperation against the government until it nullifies the 1966 government order that declared tribal areas as protected/reserved forests. The violence quickly spread to the Kuki-dominated Churachandpur town and the Meitei-dominated Imphal Valley, targeting the minority community in each area. According to Reuters, 77 Kukis and 10 Meiteis were killed within a week.
2023 (Jul 19):[Military] Captain Anshuman Singh (born 1997) of the Army Medical Corps died while rescuing fellow three Army officers stuck in a fibre-glass hut, but lost his life after getting trapped, when the fire spread to a medical investigation shelter in Siachen (Chandan Dropping Zone, 17,000 ft) leaving behind his wife Smriti Singh (from Dinanagar, Gurdaspur; couple staying in Noida; married 2 years back), mother Manju Singh and father Ravi Pratap Singh hailing natively from Deoria, residing in Lucknow. His last rites were performed in Gorakhpur. He was eldest son of his parents. Couple met on the first day of college (NIT Jalandhar) and it was love at first sight, while he was pursuing Chemical Engineering and, she was in Civil Engineering. One month of meeting and Anshuman went to AFMC and they were in long relationship for 8 years before marrying in 2023 (Apr/May). After engineering, she was working with ICICI Lombards before marriage, and later she became a school teacher at her hometown, Deenanagar, Gurdaspur.
2023 (Jul 9): Heavy rain in Himachal. National Highway washed away as Beas river rises above danger level. Traffic halted. Massive landslides triggered by heavy rain caused a section of the Leh-Manali national highway NH3 located along the Beas river in Himachal Pradesh’s Kullu, washed away on Sunday. Following this incident, traffic between Mandi and Kullu was disrupted, leaving numerous vehicles stranded on the highway. The India Meteorological Department IMD issued a red alert and warned of heavy rains, flash floods and landslides in seven districts of Himachal Pradesh including Shimla, Sirmaur, Lahaul and Spiti, Chamba and Sol. Police officials informed that efforts to clear the affected area are underway. Meanwhile, amid the surge of the river and falling of stones due to the landslides on the Kullu-Manali road, the movement of vehicles from Kullu and Manali towards Atal Tunnel and Rohtang has been completely halted. In total, 133 roads in the hilly state are closed to vehicular traffic. Several rivers, including the Beas river, are flowing above the danger mark due to which a portion of the Leh-Manali national highway NH3 was washed away due to the overflowing Beas River.
2023 (July 9): The Shrikhand Mahadev Yatra, known as one of the most challenging pilgrimages in India was also postponed till July 11 by the Kullu district administration. According to the state emergency operation centre, the monsoon season has already caused Himachal Pradesh to suffer a loss of Rs 362 crore.
2023 (Jul 19):[Space] Natasha Hurley-Walker (Curtin University, Australia) and her colleagues discovered the mysterious source in data from the Murchison Widefield Array (MWA) observatory in Western Australia. They carried out follow-up observations with the MWA and with other radio observatories in Australia and South Africa. Known as GPM J1839-10, the tardy blinker is located at a distance of some 18,500 light-years away in the constellation Scutum. Archival data from the Very Large Array in New Mexico and the Indian Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope reveal that it has been pulsating at least since 1988, with a period of just under 22 minutes (1,318.1957 seconds, to be precise).
2023 (Jun 18):[Disaster] Titan, a submersible operated by American tourism and expeditions company OceanGate, imploded during an expedition to view the wreck of the Titanic in the North Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Newfoundland, Canada. On board the submersible were Stockton Rush, the American CEO of OceanGate; Paul-Henri Nargeolet, a French deep-sea explorer and Titanic expert; Hamish Harding, a British businessman; Shahzada Dawood, a Pakistani-British businessman; and Dawood's son Suleman. Communication between Titan and its mother ship, Polar Prince, was lost 1 hour 45 minutes into the dive. Authorities were alerted when it failed to resurface at the scheduled time later that day. After the submersible had been missing for four days, a remotely operated underwater vehicle (ROV) discovered a debris field containing parts of Titan, about 500 metres (1,600 ft) from the bow of the Titanic.
2023 (Jul 24):[Cinema][Research] 1h documentary titled, "Unknown: Cosmic Time Machine" Engineers and scientists take a giant leap in the quest to understand the universe, with access to NASA's mission to launch the James Webb Space Telescope.
2023 (Aug 12-13): Over the weekend of 12-13 August 2023, additional torrential rains hit Shimla, triggering landslides and destroying a temple, homes, and buildings, and killing at least 57 people. The intensity of the rains has been attributed to climate change. The landslides washed out several roads, including the Himalayan Expressway, and sections of the Kalka–Shimla Railway. The additional floods and landslides killed a total of 71 people. A massive landslide destroyed roads and buildings in the city of Shimla.
2023 (Aug 17): Cumulatively, since the monsoon hit on 24 June, 170 incidents of cloudburst or landsliding have been reported and 9,600 houses have been damaged in Himachal Pradesh. Chief minister Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu has stated that the losses from the combined floods of 2023 have been as high as 10,000 crore rupees, and the damaged infrastructure would take a year to repair.
2022 (Aug 22):[Computing][AI] Stable Diffusion released. It is a deep learning, text-to-image model based on diffusion techniques. It is primarily used to generate detailed images conditioned on text descriptions, though it can also be applied to other tasks such as inpainting, outpainting, and generating image-to-image translations guided by a text prompt. It was developed by researchers from the CompVis Group at Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich and Runway with a compute donation by Stability AI and training data from non-profit organizations.
2023 (Aug):[Space] Voyager 2 reached a distance of 134 AU (20 billion km; 12 billion mi) from Earth.
2023 (Sep): There are around 170 entries of radio telescopes present in 'Radio telescope' category from around the world; and as many as 710 astronomical observatories (incl. Space observatory, Gravitational-wave detector, Antimatter observatory, Airborne observatory, Radio observatory, Microwave observatory, Ground-based observatory, Solar observatory, Neutrino detector, and Cosmic-ray observatory) around the world.
2023 (Oct 14): The India-Pakistan match, which was comprehensively won by the Men in Blue on Saturday, is among the most-viewed cricket matches on a digital platform, with 225 million viewers watching the game’s biggest rivalry on Disney+ Hotstar, say industry sources.
2023 (Oct):[India][Meme] Hey..Hey Prabhu, Hey Hari Ram Krishna Jagannatham Premananad.
2023 (Dec): 5 weekends in a month (after 6 years.)
2023 (Dec 30):[Military] The navy has unveiled the new design of senior officers’ epaulettes, a shoulder piece that signals rank, inspired by the seal of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj. The development comes weeks after Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced that senior naval officers will wear epaulettes that bear the imprint of the Maratha ruler’s maritime legacy. He revealed the proposed change in his Navy Day address at Sindhudurg in Maharashtra on December 4.
2023:[Computing][Quantum] IBM expect to announce 1121-qubit Candor Quantum Processor with integration as key advancement.
2023 (Nov 8):[meds][business] FDA Approved: Yes (First approved November 8, 2023) Brand name: Zepbound Generic name: tirzepatide Dosage form: Injection Company: Eli Lilly and Company Treatment for: Weight Loss (Obesity/Overweight), Obstructive Sleep Apnea/Hypopnea Syndrome
2023 (Nov 15):[Business][War] Historic year for gun sales in Israel. Israel sees 1,000 percent jump in gun permit applications. Israeli National Security Minister Itamar Ben Gvir announced on 15 November that over 31,000 firearm permits have been issued since the start of the Gaza-Israel war and that hundreds of thousands of settlers are now within “the circle of eligibility” to carry guns. “Since the outbreak of the war, so far 236,006 new applications have been received (the same amount as 20 years of routine activity). Thirty-one thousand forty-eight conditional permits for private weapons were issued, of which over 18,000 citizens have already exercised the permit and purchased a gun,”
2023 (Nov 30): The 2023 United Nations Climate Change Conference or Conference of the Parties of the UNFCCC, more commonly known as COP28, was the 28th United Nations Climate Change conference, held from 30 November to 12 December at Expo City, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
2023:Like a few other eminent institutes, TISS receives 50% of its funds from the Union government. Because of a change in the University Grants Commission’s (UGC) regulations in 2023, the appointment of TISS director is now the prerogative of the Union government? The staff dismissed were initially told that lack of grants from the Tata Education Trust (TET) to pay for their salaries caused the issue. (Jun 28, 2024)
2023:[Env][Disaster] Heavy rainfall during the 2023 monsoon season resulted in severe flooding and landslides across Northern India, primarily affecting residents in Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Chandigarh, Uttarakhand, Jammu and Kashmir, Haryana, Rajasthan and Delhi. The South Asian monsoon season, which spans from June to September, typically brings about 80% of annual rainfall to the region.
In July, at least 105 individuals across Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, and Delhi, were killed over a two-week period of intense rain and flooding, with thousands of others evacuated to relief camps.[4] The floods have led to closure of schools, disruption of flights and train operations in various parts of North India.
The state of Himachal Pradesh was the hardest hit, with at least 330 dead, 38 missing and more than 100 injured during flooding since 1 April.[10][7] More than 1,000 roads were blocked in the state as a result of downed power lines and other damaged infrastructure.[11][12] Approximately 70,000 tourists were evacuated from the state, as reported by Chief Minister Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu.[13] Rescue operations were led by teams from the Indian army and the National Disaster Response Force. Several districts experienced an entire month's worth of rainfall within a single day. In Manali, roads were swept away by the deluge, leaving both tourists and their vehicles stranded.
2023:[SpaceX] 2023 CX₁, initially known under temporary designation Sar2667, was a metre-sized asteroid that entered Earth's atmosphere on 13 February 2023 02:59 UTC and disintegrated as a meteor over the coast of Normandy, France along the English Channel. Wikipedia Discovered: 12 February 2023 Orbital period: 0.0006 hours Discoverer: Krisztián Sárneczky Asteroid group: Apollo asteroid Absolute magnitude: 32.72 Earth MOID: 0.000111 AU (16,600 km; 0.043 LD) Minor planet category: NEO · Apollo
2023:[Env][Extreme][mntngg] As of August 2023, an estimated 800 people had completed a summit, and 96 had died on the Mt K2.
2024: [GeoPolitics][Military][Economics] The US Dollar’s share of global reserves falls to 58%, its lowest level in decades [[16:42](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vYJri1eNRyc&t=1002)].
2024: the NITI's 7-year strategy ends.2024:[Env][Disaster] Wayanad, Kerala, India; Chooral Mala Landslide, 400 deaths
2024:[India][Meme] Yes Yes Yes...NOOOOO - Begusarai Bihar - Kanhaiyya
2024:[research] The 1% gift to humanity: The Human Genome Project II. Upon announcing the completion of the Human Genome Project (HGP) in 2003, scientific leaders envisaged the transformative promise of the human genome for health and society.
2024 (Feb 24): Official permanent address changed by Smriti Singh from Noida to Gurdaspur, Zila Sainik Board changed from Deoria to Gurdaspur. She is allegedly went to Australia for higher study. Wg Cdr Ajit Kakkar (Retd) spoke in favor of Anshuman's family. He presently practices Military Law & Service Law and appears in the Supreme Court, Delhi High Court, Central Administrative Tribunal, and Various Armed Forces Tribunals.
2024 (Mar 1):[GoI] Modi govt’s fresh push to lateral entry: 25 private sector specialists to join key posts in Centre. They said the Appointments Committee of the Cabinet (ACC) headed by Prime Minister Narendra Modi has approved the appointment of three joint secretaries and 22 directors/deputy secretaries in different central government departments.
2024 (Apr 27):Khasyol Cantonment Board (KCB) in Dharamshala has become the first cantonment in the country to have its civilian area separated and removed from Army control. On 24 July 2024, a press release notified that, in order to move on from older Colonial-era concepts, Ministry of Defence has decided to give up responsibility to consider to excise civil areas of certain Cantonments and merge them with neighbouring State municipalities. As of then, there were 58 Cantonments of which 10 were to be handed over in the first phase. The administration of civil areas was to be handed over from Cantonment Boards to the neighbouring Municipalities while the military region was to remain with the Armed Forces. However, on 27 April 2024, KhasYol had become the first cantonment board to be "de-notified".
2024 (May): [Env] Wind gusts reaching 50-70kmph (27-38 knots) in Delhi and Mumbai.
2024 (Jun 4):[misadv] Uttarkashi tragedy: How unpredictable Uttarakhand weather caught experienced Bengaluru trekkers by surprise. Bodies of 4 more trekkers en route to Sahastra Tal (4500 m) recovered, 13 survivors rescued. Sahastra Tal rescue operation was fastest in the state. And that isn’t enough. This involved planning the air rescue of nine bodies and 13 survivors from Sahastra Tal within two hours on the night of 4 June.
2024 (Jun 4 16:00): Once the news broke that four individuals had died and others were trapped at around 4,500 metres near Sahastra Tal, the trek’s local guide called the secretary of the trekking association of Uttarkashi around 4 pm and also submitted a letter. The secretary informed the district magistrate’s office, which then involved the Uttarkashi District Disaster Management Authority (DDMA).
2024 (Jun 4 16:10): The DDMA officials confirmed the details within 10 minutes and deployed the ground rescue team, including state forest officials, the State Disaster Response Force (SDRF), and the Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP). Given that the trekkers were from Karnataka, the Karnataka government was also informed, per general protocol. When the Karnataka Mountaineering Association (KMA) was updated about the trapped trekkers at 6 pm, its first point of contact was an official at the Indian Mountaineering Foundation (IMF). The IMF official, in turn, made a series of calls to the DM’s office, SDRF, and Nehru Institute of Mountaineering (NIM) principal already working on a rescue plan.
On 4 June, four rescue teams from NIM, ITBP, SDRF, and the Uttarakhand government sports department set out on foot to locate the trekkers. The ITBP team intercepted two trekkers from the group as they were coming down.
2024 (Jun 4 21:30): The DM’s requisition letter went out around 9:30 pm on 4 June, and the officiating joint secretary (air) in the Ministry of Defence was contacted. The Air Force (Western Air Command) approved the rescue sortie through Sarwasa base.
2024 (Jun 5): Uttarakhand: 9 trekkers of 22-member group dead due to bad weather, 13 rescued. The official also contacted the chief secretary of Karnataka for a helicopter rescue mission in the early hours of 5 June. This was followed by communication between the chief secretaries of Karnataka and Uttarakhand, and the principal secretary of disaster management, Uttarakhand. The IMF stepped in and called the Uttarkashi DM to initiate a requisition for a helicopter rescue by the Indian Air Force (IAF) through the Ministry of Defence, which was swiftly carried out.
2024 (Jun 5 07:00): The air mission commenced on 5 June at 7 am, initially deploying a private helicopter to transport SDRF rescue personnel to the high-altitude spot.
2024 (Jun 5 08:40): Later, at 8:40 am, the IAF helicopters—one MI-17 and two Cheetahs—reached the Matli helipad in Uttarkashi. The air rescue operation was monitored by the combined efforts of IMF, DM, SSP, SDRF, and NIM officials.
2024 (Jun 25): 9-10 could have died’—Abandoned by firms, Himachal trekkers escape Sahastra Tal-like tragedy. Travel firms Byko Journeys, Trekyaari, Trekkers of India, and Mad Trekkers have 'initiated refunds' after leaving a group of 120 people trekking to Hampta Pass in Himachal Pradesh's Spiti Valley to fend for themselves.
2024 (Jun 26): CM Dhami ordered an inquiry that led to the first-ever FIR against a local adventure tour operator. This reveals the problems with Uttarakhand’s adventure tourism management. Sources further indicate that the entire rescue operation cost approximately Rs 5 crore, making it a significant financial undertaking. While it is unclear who has borne this cost, it is understood from sources that the IMF has assured to cover the costs for airlifting survivors as well as the deceased.
2024 (Jul 5): Captain Anshuman Singh posthumously awarded Kirti Chakra, India’s second-highest peacetime gallantry award. Leading to the bitter patriarchal battle over martyred soldier’s pension and a debate on Next-of-Kin (NOK) rule.
2024 (Jul 20): Anna Sebastian Perayil's (26YO) death has created an uproar, triggered by the letter written by her mother, Anita Augustine, to EY chairman Rajiv Memani that went viral on social media. In the letter, Augustine voiced her concerns regarding the excessive workload placed on her daughter, a newcomer to the company, and indicated that Anna ultimately succumbed to work-related stress. Anna had joined the company in March, after completing CA, and passed away on July 20. Anna's father Sibi Joseph, however, said that the family has no intention of pursuing legal action against the company. He clarified that the letter's purpose was to raise awareness among the company's top executives to prevent similar incidents from occurring in the future.
2024 (Aug 1): In a stunning turn at the Paris Olympics 2024, Turkish shooter Yusuf Dikec clinched a silver medal in the mixed 50m pistol event, becoming an instant internet sensation. Known as the 'Gearless' shooter, Dikec's casual style, complete with no eye gear and a hand in his pocket, triggered a meme-fest online. Some even joked Turkey had sent a secret hitman. Want to know the full story? Watch.
2024 (Aug 5):[GeoPolitics] Bangladesh army announces interim government after PM flees. Prime Minister Hasina resigned and fled the country after weeks of violent protests against a quota system for government jobs which grew into a broader challenge to her 15-year rule. The focus now moves to who will govern the South Asian country, with the military taking control while parliament is dissolved ahead of possible elections. Student's movement started on July 1 regarding 30% govt job quota for kin of veterans who fought 1971 liberation war, turned violent on Jul 16 killing 200 people, 154 lives lost on Aug 4-5 forcing Hasina (76YO) to resign at 2:40pm and flew to London via India. 3:30pm army chief meets oppn. Chief of Army Staff of the Bangladesh Army, Gen Waker-Uz-Zaman took full responsibility.
The political environment has been characterized by Awami League (favoured 30% reservation) and Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) supremacy, periods of military control, and political instability. Sheikh Hasina, the daughter of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, has held the position of prime minister for the longest period—since January 6, 2009.
2024 (Aug 10): Owing to the good monsoon, import of the pulses is expected to reduce to 45 lakh ton (IPGA). 24.5 lakh ton of pulses imported in FY21, 27 lakh ton in FY22 and 25 lakh ton in FY23.
2024 (Aug 10): Lemon Tree Hotels Chairman and Managing Director Patanjali Govind Keswani said on Saturday. Delivering his address at the first National Conclave on India 2047, organised by IIM Calcutta. "India has 280 million households, but currently, only 5 million households-less than 2 per cent-are active consumers of discretionary goods like SUVs and hatchbacks," Keswani said. "However, with continued economic growth, this number could increase to 30 million households, which would represent a substantial boost in the economic activities. This is precisely the kind of transformation that occurred in China and is now happening in Vietnam, " he said. Keswani cited several positive indicators of India's economic momentum, including the expected addition of 1,500 aircraft in the next five years, the doubling of airports, the tripling of runways, and the doubling of four-lane highways over the next four years.
2024 (Aug 10): Susan Wojcicki is one of this era's great unsung executives—and was crucial to Google's trajectory from its very beginnings in her garage.
2024 (Aug 16): Uttar Pradesh chief minister inaugurates Avaada Group’s 70 MW solar project in Banda
Avaada Group is also setting up 2.19 GW of pumped storage projects in Sonbhadra and Mirzapur districts, along with around 1 GW of solar power projects in Jalaun, Chitrakoot, and Lalitpur districts of Uttar Pradesh, with an investment of around INR 20,000 crore. Expected employment to over 400 people.
2024 (Aug 19): NASA WISE spot a mysterious object speeding away from Milky Way at 1,609,344 kmph (or 4,47,040 m/s (or ~45kmps), the object has been named as CWISE J1249. Speed of light is 299,792,458 m/s (or 1,079,252,849 kmph)
2024 (Aug 25) - Almost 300km long Bundelkhand Xpwy, country's first solar xpwy will produce 450MW. Solar Parks at 14 nodes, 2447 acre land, cost of 2k cr. Wireless e-Charging station. 17 cos applied to build this project of 6 parts of 50km each. 17 cos are Mahapreet, Tata Power, GMR, NTPC
800 MW plant in Chitrakoot gen 1900 million unit electricity.
600 MW plant in Jhansi in 2700 acre land.
Jhansi-Lalitpur-Chitrakoot - largest solar park in 11k acre land gen 2000 MW electricity (6000 million unit). Jalaun (1200 MW in 3800 acre land), Kanpur Dehat (75 MW, 110 acre) and Kanpur City (35 MW, 110 acre) Expected employment to over 18,000 people.
2024 (Aug 27):[Energy][India] India has registered record solar installations of about 15 GW during the first half of 2024 as "developers raced" to complete delayed projects, a report by Mercom Capital said. The country added 3.89 GW of solar capacity during January-June 2023, the US-based research firm said in its latest report. (MW ). As of June 2024, India's cumulative installed solar capacity stood at 87.2 GW, of which the utility-scale projects accounted for nearly 87 per cent (76 GW ), and rooftop solar over 13 per cent (11 GW ). Solar energy accounted for 19.5 per cent of India's installed power capacity (447 GW ) and over 44 per cent of the total installed renewable energy capacity (198 GW ).
2638 MW of solar electricity gen in UP, solar-rooftop contributes to 384 MW
China installed more solar power alone last year than the entire world commissioned the previous year. China's cumulative solar capacity stood at 610GW as of 2023, followed by the US, Japan and India with 172.5GW, 91.6GW and 84.8GW, respectively. Beyond solar, the country is also a leader in the wind energy market. China added 217 GW in 2023, 103 GW in H12024
China installed more solar power alone last year than the entire world commissioned the previous year. China's cumulative solar capacity stood at 610GW as of 2023, followed by the US, Japan and India with 172.5GW, 91.6GW and 84.8GW, respectively. Beyond solar, the country is also a leader in the wind energy market. China added 217 GW in 2023, 103 GW in H12024
2024 (Aug 27): Laddakh got 5 new districts viz. Zanskar, Drass, Sham, Nubra, and Changthang. Currently, Ladakh has two districts, Leh and Kargil.
Ladakh was bifurcated from the erstwhile state of Jammu and Kashmir when the Centre revoked Article 370 in August 2019. This special status change led to the formation of two Union Territories, Jammu and Kashmir, and Ladakh.
Meanwhile, the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir is preparing for its first elections since the abrogation of Article 370. Polling will occur in three phases on September 18, 25, and October 1, with vote counting scheduled for October 4. These elections are the first in the region after a decade, with the last assembly elections held in 2014.
2024 (Aug 25): 'Om' missing from Om Parvat (18,323 ft) due to melting snow. Situated in Byas valley, Dharchula tenshil of Pithoragarh. Although a fresh bout of snowfall on the intervening night of Aug 26 and Aug 27 led to the reappearance of the snowline. This is attributed to the global warming, increased construction activities and increased tourist footfall.
2024 (Sep 15): Fay, from Bedford, looks to "inspire women to pursue their interest" in mountaineering. She had moved from the UK to the Alps in pursuit of her passion for alpine climbing. Michelle, 31, will also climb with the University of Washington alumni accompanying Fay on the climb. The pair will set off from New Delhi after receiving permission to scale Chaukhamba III on September 15.
2024 (Sep 17): Asteroid 2024 ON - 100-feet asteroid fly-by Earth at 7416 kmps speed.
NASA Alert! 720-Feet Building-Sized Asteroid To Make Close Flyby To Earth On September 17: Check Speed, Distan
Asteroid 2024 ON, sized roughly 720 feet in diameter, will safely pass Earth today at a distance of 997,793 kilometers—more than 2.5 times the distance between the Earth and the Moon. Despite its safe proximity, according to Nasa, its speed––40,233 km/h––is a bit concerning. The asteroid will reach its closest point to Earth on September 17.
The 2024 ON asteroid was recently discovered by the ATLAS Sky Survey on July 27. For those who are interested in getting a glimpse of 2024 ON asteroid, it will also be live-streamed on virtualtelescope.eu/webtv on September 15, starting at 19:30 UTC (1:00 AM September 16).
2024 (Sep 18):[pain] Anna's mother had sent a letter to EY chairman in July, just days after her death. The letter, meant as a private correspondence, was leaked from EY’s Pune office. The reason of the leak Anna’s father believes is that others within the company may be facing similar work-related stress and want the issue to be brought to public attention. "The letter was leaked from EY's Pune office, which means there are many people similarly suffering in the company who want the letter to be out in public," Joseph said.
2024 (Sep 19):[research][computing] Scientists have successfully stored the entire human genome onto a 5D memory crystal, a groundbreaking data storage format made from quartz glass that can potentially last for billions of years. This revolutionary technology, developed by researchers at the University of Southampton, utilizes femtosecond laser pulses to encode data into the crystal by creating tiny voids in five dimensions: height, length, width, orientation, and position. The crystal's extreme durability, capable of withstanding high temperatures, cosmic radiation, and chemical damage, makes it a promising candidate for long-term data preservation.
2024 (Sep 21):[Military] On 21 September 2024, the Government of India appointed Air Marshal Amar Preet Singh as the next Chief of the Air Staff.[13] On 30 September 2024, Air Chief Marshal Amar Preet Singh took over as the 28th Chief of the Air Staff succeeding Air Chief Marshal Vivek Ram Chaudhari who superannuated after more than four decades of service.
2024 (Oct 1):[misadv] Rakesh Pathak, a 44YO seasoned trekker from Aliganj, Lucknow died during the Homkund trek (route via Sutol in Nandangar) in Chamoli district after his health deteriorated (satrting Sep 29) while attempting to climb the Nanda Ghunti peak at 6,309m, officials said on Tue, Oct 1.
2024 (Oct 3):[misadv] The climbers, Michelle Theresa Dvorak (31) from the USA and Fav Jane Manners (37) from the Bedford, UK, who works with brands including North Face are stuck at an altitude of over 6,000 meters, part of an expedition sponsored by the India Mountaineering Foundation. They became stranded when critical climbing gear was lost at 6,015 meters, en route to a peak of 6,995 meters. The pair disappeared after they made an SOS alert in afternoon at around 20,350 ft. (6,203 m). Local government officials say Fay and Michelle's bags had contained essential items like food, their tent and climbing equipment. It is believed to have fallen down a ravine on Thursday. Michelle and Fay are both experienced climbers, with the duo previously travelling to Alaska and climbing the famous Bacon and Eggs on Mini-Mini-Moonflower.
2024 (Oct 3 afternoon): Michelle and Fay sent a message via pager to Shweta Sharma, their IMF liaison officer, saying their bag with food and vital gear had fallen into a gorge.
2024 (Oct 3 23:00): As soon as the information was received in this regard (by IMF?), a request was sent by Sandeep Tiwari, the district magistrate of Chamoli to the Department of Military Affairs (DMA) of the Indian Defence Ministry for heli rescue of the mountaineers at 11 pm on Thu, Oct 3.
2024 (Oct 4 08:00): Two IAF helicopters began searching for them starting 8 am and returned blank in evening. The Indian Army, Indian Air Force, the District Administration, State Administration, along with my team, the State Disaster Response Force. We hope to evacuate these two ladies as soon as possible. IMF officer.
2024 (Oct 5): two Indian Air Force (IAF) Chetak helicopters from Sarsawa Airbase in Saharanpur made three sorties over the Chaukhamba-III peak to locate the climbers. However, the helicopters could not find the missing women due to heavy fog and adverse weather conditions. Despite this, the helicopters successfully air-dropped four State Disaster Response Force (SDRF) members at the advanced base camp at 4,990 metres in hopes of launching a ground search operation.
"Four SDRF personnel, equipped with satellite phones and essential gear, have established communication with us from the advanced base camp. They will begin trekking towards Chaukhamba-III on Sunday morning," SDRF Commandant Arpan Yadhuvanshi told TOI. He added that a reserve team of three SDRF personnel was airlifted to Joshimath on Saturday. "Along with four more SDRF personnel already stationed in Joshimath, they will join the operation on Sunday," Yadhuvanshi added. On Friday, IAF helicopters also faced difficulties due to the steep gradient and fog, preventing them from flying beyond a certain altitude or landing safely.
2024 (Oct 5 15:30): The head of the rescue operation has since said his team are planning to trek the same route up the mountain tomorrow morning (Sun, Oct 6) and trace Fay's steps in the hopes of finding her. Nand Kishor Joshi, Chamoli's disaster management officer said "The Forest Department has sought SDRF's help to deploy helicopters for search operations, while NDRF's team has also been dispatched from Dehradun following the district administration's request." NDRF Dehradun Commandant
2024 (Oct 6 09:00): IAF choppers rescue 2 foreign women mountaineers stranded near Chaukhamba-3 peak for almost 66 hours. Inspector general of police (SDRF) Ridhim Agarwal said, “In the initial phase, an aerial search was conducted with the help of helicopters, but due to the challenges of the inaccessible terrain, a team of four SDRF personnel was dropped by helicopter at the Advance Base Camp (4900 meters). From this morning, the SDRF team started moving towards the coordinates provided by the mountaineers to search for them. Meanwhile, an Indian Air Force rescue team engaged in a parallel search operation using choppers found the mountaineers and airlifted them to Joshimath. They are safe and sound.”
Commandant, SDRF Arpan Yaduvanshi said the four member SDRF team that was sent ahead of the Advance Base Camp is also being brought to Joshimath by Army choppers.
2024 (Dec): North Korea is set to reopen its borders to international visitors after (4) years of strict COVID-19 border controls, say two Chinese tour operators. Beijing-based Koryo Tours announced on its website on Wednesday that the reclusive country would be welcoming tourists to the northeastern city of Samjiyon and “likely the rest of the country” in December 2024.
2024 (Dec 12):[Mntngg][Book] HANDBOOK OF MOUNTAINEERING SAHYADRI & ROCK CLIMBING Paperback – 12 December 2024 by TEAM GGIM (Author)
2024:[Extreme] Pushpendra Shrivastava arrived in Mukherjee Nagar 27 years ago. A 47 year old still pursuing the UPSC exams raises some serious questions. Meet 47-year-old Pushpendra Shrivastava who has given 73 preliminary exams, 43 Mains & 8 interviews for State & UPSC in the last 27 years.
2024:Aditya Birla Group has seven companies that are listed publicly, and their total market capitalisation as of March 2024 is over $100 billion. Notable group companies include UltraTech Cement, Hindalco, Novelis, Grasim, Aditya Birla Capital, Aditya Birla Fashion and Retail and Vodafone Idea.
2024:An asteroid the size of a 100-meter (330-foot) object could cause catastrophic, city-wide damage to New York City, leading to millions of deaths. However, a 274-meter (900-foot) asteroid, about the length of three football fields, could create an impact crater large enough to devastate much of Manhattan, Brooklyn, and parts of Jersey City. For context, a football field-sized meteoroid causes significant damage every 2,000 years.
How big must an asteroid be to end human civilization? A 330-foot-wide (100 m) asteroid, the size of a soccer field. (will vanish a city of size New York)
2024:[SpaceX] 2024 BX₁, previously known under its temporary designation Sar2736, was a roughly 1 metre asteroid or meteoroid that entered Earth's atmosphere on 21 January 2024 00:33 UTC and disintegrated as a meteor over Berlin. The recovered fragments are known as the Ribbeck meteorite. Wikipedia Discoverer: Krisztián Sárneczky Discovered: 20 January 2024 Orbital period: 0.0004 hours Mean diameter: 1 m; ref name="Bischoff2024" /> Earth MOID: 0.000532 AU (79,600 km) MPC designation: 2024 BX1 Orbital period (sidereal): 1.54 yr (563.0 d)
2024:[SpaceX] 2024 RW1, previously known under its provisional designation CAQTDL2, was a 1-meter-sized asteroid or meteoroid that struck the Earth's atmosphere and burned up harmlessly on September 5, 2024, at around 12:40 a.m. PHT (September 4, 16:40 UTC) above the western Pacific Ocean near Cagayan, Philippines. Discovered: 4 September 2024 Discoverer: Jacqueline B. Fazekas Orbital period: 0.001 hours Mean diameter: ~1 m (3.3 ft) Asteroid group: Apollo asteroid Earth MOID: 1.34283×10−5 AU (2.00885×103 km) Mean anomaly: 349.188°
2024:[Env][Extreme][mntngg] As of December 2024, there had been 12,884 successful summits, and 340 people had died either before or after reaching the Mt Everest peak.
2024:[Env][Book][mntngg] "The Himalayan Database, The Expedition Archives of Elizabeth Hawley". www.himalayandatabase.com. Retrieved 19 December 2024.
2024:[Env][Extreme][mntngg] As of December 2024, there had been 800 successful summits of Makalu and 50 deaths on the mountain.
2024:[Env][Extreme][mntngg] Cho Oyu is considered the easiest 8,000-meter peak to climb. As of December 2024, there had been 4,027 successful summits and 52 deaths on the mountain.
2024:[Env][Extreme][mntngg] Dhaulagiri I is the world's seventh highest mountain. There had been 691 successful ascents since the first one, by a team led by Kurt Diemberger in 1960. 87 people are known to have lost their lives on the slopes of Dhaulagiri I.
2024:[Env][Extreme][mntngg] Due to tensions between climbers and inhabitants starting 1956, for the next two decades visits to Manaslu were sporadic, lasting until the 1970s. As of December 2024 there is a total of 3,317 successful summits, with 90 people dying on mountain.
2024:[Env][Extreme][mntngg] Almost 1300 casualties worldwide on mountain while mountaineering, out of total, 1100 people died on 8-thousanders (Dec 2024)
2024 (Dec 26):[Who] The Tivoli Group has launched its first five-star property, The Tivoli, in Delhi’s Chattarpur area. Known for its legacy in hosting premium events and weddings, the group’s new flagship property aims to meet the city’s growing demand for luxury hospitality. Combining heritage and modern design, The Tivoli offers state-of-the-art facilities catering to leisure travelers, business guests, and large-scale celebrations. The Tivoli houses 132 rooms, including a Presidential Suite, a Junior Suite, and 130 premium accommodations. Akshay Gupta, Executive Director, Tivoli Group.
2024:[climate] 2024 was the warmest year since records began in 1850. The ten warmest years on record have all occurred in the last decade (2015–2024). Land areas are warming faster, with a rise of about 0.33°C to 0.40°C per decade since 1979.
[Generation] Gen Alpha (2010–2024) ends; lasted for 14 years.
[Generation] Gen Beta (2025–2039) starts; and exists for next 14 years.
2025:[climate]Since 1900, global sea levels have risen by 5–8 inches (13–20 cm). Recent data suggests the rate is accelerating, with some assessments showing an increase in global sea levels from 2.92 mm/year (1999–2009) to 3.82 mm/year (2015–2025).
2018:[GeoPolitics][Business] Armenia intends to join the Ashgabat agreement. The objective of this agreement is to enhance connectivity within Eurasian region and synchronize it with other transport corridors within that region including the International North–South Transport Corridor (INSTC).
2025: [GeoPolitics][Military][Economics] Current analysis places the US Dollar in Stage 5/6 of the 7-stage collapse cycle [[00:25](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vYJri1eNRyc&t=25)].
20xx:[Computing][Quantum] IBM plan to build million-qubits Large Scale Quantum System with integration as key advancement.
2025:Technological advancements and innovations in governance models have led to unprecedented improvements in the efficiency of welfare programmes in India. This is a lived reality for 300 million Indians who have come out of poverty in the last 10 years.
2025:Aditya Birla Capital Limited (ABCL), at its board meeting held on 31 March 2025, has announced the successful completion of the amalgamation of its wholly owned NBFC subsidiary, Aditya Birla Finance Ltd. Ultratech Cement is the largest company of the Birla Group, followed by Grasim Industries and Hindalco. HDFC Securities limited is a Corporate agent of Aditya Birla Sun Life Insurance Company under IRDAI Registration No: CA0062 and does not underwrite the risk or act as an insurer.
2025:More recently, in June 2025, Jio Financial Services acquired 7.9 crore equity shares of Jio Payments Bank from the State Bank of India. (Reliance)2025: India to overtake UK to become 5th largest economy in 2025, 3rd largest by 2030: the Centre for Economics and Business Research (CEBR) on Dec 26, 2020
2025: India can create $1T economic value using digital technology by 2025: NITI Aayog's Amitabh Kant By Press Trust of India November 26, 2020 At a virtual FICCI event
2025: India will have more than 1L startups creating a value of $1 trillion, with 200 unicorns creating 3.5 million jobs.
2025: India will have more than 1L startups creating a value of $1 trillion, with 200 unicorns creating 3.5 million jobs.
2025: I'll turn 30. (Upper age limit for UPSC's CSAT),
2025: According to a report by Report Linker, the global blockchain market size is expected to grow from $1.06 billion in 2020 to $10.45 billion by 2025.
2025:[Research][Space] Virolithopanspermia: Might viruses be transported in rocks through space? by Frederic D Bushman, PLoS Pathog, Mar 2025.
2025 (Mar 20):[meds][business] American pharmaceutical major Eli Lilly and Company on Thursday (March 20, 2025) launched its diabetes and obesity management drug Mounjaro (tirzepatide) in India. The company launched the drug in a single-dose vial following marketing authorisation from the Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation (CDSCO).
2025 (Mar 21):[research][defence][medicine] Pal-Bots or PBs (Particle Armored Liquid Robots) - Seoul National University College of Engineering announced that a joint research team led by Professor Ho-Young Kim from the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Professor Jeong-Yun Sun from the Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Professor Keunhwan Park from the Department of Mechanical, Smart, and Industrial Engineering at Gachon University has successfully developed a next-generation soft robot based on liquid. This research was published in the world-renowned journal Science Advances on March 21. Biological cells possess the ability to deform freely divide, fuse, and capture foreign substances. Research efforts have long been dedicated to replicating these unique capabilities in artificial systems. However, traditional solid-based robots have faced limitations in effectively mimicking the flexibility and functionality of living cells. (T-1000 of the movie Terminator)
2025 (Apr 19):[Who] What started as a vision by Mr. Rohit Gupta has grown into a legacy carried forward by his three sons Ishaan, Akshay and Aryaman Gupta. Mr Akshay Gupta shares the inspiring journey of how Tivoli became a name synonymous with hospitality, family and forward thinking excellence.
2025 (Apr 28): With over 27 years of extensive leadership experience in the hospitality industry, Amit Kumar Sood joins Tivoli Hospitality Group as the new CEO. He will be Leading brand building efforts for Tivoli Hospitality Group, creating and operating multiple asset light models in the mid to premium segment market with Brands like Wedcation by Tivoli, Upper House, Omnia etc
2025:16 May 2025 — According to officials, there are currently 553 Mohalla clinics in the national capital, of which 70 are proposed to be upgraded into Ayushman Arogya Mandirs. 7 Mar 2025 — Mohalla clinics were started by the Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) government in October 2015. By August 2023, there were 533 such clinics in the city. BJP government to shut 250 mohalla clinics in Delhi. AAP convenor Arvind Kejriwal, too, claimed that Delhi residents would face additional expenses of around ₹25,000 if the BJP is elected. (freebies: 200 units (~ Rs. 1600); 20KL water (~Rs. 250); free DTC bus to women; subsidized healthcare; electricity/water/education/transport/healthcare/sanitation/food security/shelter; security/clothing/personal care)
2025: 21 May - Four British climbers successfully reached the summit of Mount Everest using xenon gas to accelerate their acclimatization process, allowing them to climb the mountain in less than a week. This method involved inhaling xenon gas, which is thought to boost red blood cell production, before and during their ascent, combined with training in hypoxic tents that simulate high-altitude conditions. The expedition, organized by Furtenbach Adventures, has sparked debate within the mountaineering community about the ethics and safety of using xenon for acclimatization.
2025 (May 21):[Space] Earliest precovery date of 3I/ATLAS (41 days before discovery)
2025 (Jun 10):On June 10, 2025, during IndoDefense 2025, South Korea and Indonesia finalized a revised agreement that adjusts Jakarta’s financial contribution to the KF-21 Boramae fighter jet development program. The agreement was reached during a trilateral meeting in Jakarta attended by South Korean Defense Minister Shin Won-sik, Indonesian Defense Minister Prabowo Subianto, and Hanwha Aerospace CEO Son Jae-il. The updated contract reduces Indonesia’s share from 1.6 trillion won (approximately $1.168 billion) to 600 billion won (approximately $438 million).
2025 (Jun 14):[Def] F-35 Adir, F-16 Sufa & F-15 Ra’am! Israel’s Customized Jets Pound Iranian Military! Nearly 200 Warplanes Hit 100 Targets
2025 (Jun 15):US F-15 EX, France’s Rafale, Russia’s Su-35, China’s J-10C: Indonesia. The Su-35 deal was announced in 2018 that Jakarta will purchase 11 Su-35 from Moscow for USD 1.14 billion. Seems like Indonesia is on a fighter jet shopping spree, as it is signing deals with multiple countries for their fighter jets. The country has recently signed a deal with Turkey for its KAAN fighter jets, and now it is looking to acquire Russian-made Su-35 jets. Indonesian President Prabowo Subianto will visit Russia from 18 to 20 June. During his visit, he is scheduled to meet his Russian counterpart, Vladimir Putin. During the meeting, talks regarding the SU-35 may also happen. Indonesia recently finalised a deal with Turkey for the acquisition of 48 KAAN fifth-generation fighter jets. By doing this, it has become the first-ever foreign customer of KAAN. In 2022, Indonesia signed a USD8.1 billion defence deal with France. As per the deal France will deliver 42 Rafale jets to the country. Indonesia also signed an MoU with American aircraft company Boeing in 2022 to acquire up to 24 F-15EX fighter aircrafts. Despite concerns over its USD8 billion cost for only 24 aircraft, the government’s plan to acquire F-15EX fighter jets remains unchanged, according to recent news.
2025: British F-35 Fighter Jet Makes Emergency Landing At Kerala Airport. A British F-35 fighter jet made an emergency landing at Thiruvananthapuram airport on Saturday after experiencing technical difficulties. The plane will remain grounded until its hydraulic system is repaired, causing delays to its return flight. Air Force officials informed the authorities of the British aircraft carrier HMHS Prince of Wales, which was anchored 100 nautical miles away. During an aerial exercise in the open sea, the plane was unable to land on the ship due to adverse weather conditions. It circled the sky for a long time and tried to do so, but it did not work. Meanwhile, an emergency landing was made at the Thiruvananthapuram airport after it was noticed that the fuel was running low. Initially, the pilot Mike was not ready to leave the plane. He was seated in a chair there, but the Air Force authorities later arranged accommodation for him.
2025 (Jun 17):Canadian F-18 Hornet fighter jets intercept civilian plane violating airspace during G7 Summit
2025 (Jun 18): Israel Destroys 2 Iranian F-14 Tomcat Fighters On Ground; Netanyahu Aims To Eliminate Nukes, Terrorism & Ballistic Missile
2025 (Jun 18): US Sending F-16, F-22, F-35 Jets to Middle East Amid Iran-Israel Conflict.
2025 (Jun 24):[Env] GoI Restricts AC Temperature! Currently, ACs in India operate usually from 16°C to 32°C. And recently, Union Minister Manohar Lal Khattar just announced AC temperature limits: 20°C to 28°C. "Room temperature" is a comfortable, non-extreme temperature for human habitation, generally accepted to be around 20-25°C (68-77°F), though the exact "comfortable" temperature varies by individual and context. For scientific and cooking purposes, a more precise range of 20-25°C (68-77°F) is often used, with a common average of 23°C (73°F).
2025 (Jul 1):[Research][Space] 3I/ATLAS, also known as C/2025 N1 (ATLAS) and previously as A11pl3Z, is an interstellar comet discovered by the Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System (ATLAS) station at Río Hurtado, Chile on 1 July 2025, when it was entering the inner Solar System at a distance of 4.5 astronomical units (670 million km; 420 million mi) from the Sun. () The comet follows an unbound, hyperbolic trajectory past the Sun with an orbital eccentricity of 6.14 and a very fast hyperbolic excess velocity of 58 km/s (36 mi/s) relative to the Sun. It is the third interstellar object confirmed passing through the Solar System, after 1I/ʻOumuamua (discovered in October 2017) and 2I/Borisov (discovered in August 2019).
2025 (Jul 4):[Env] A polar air mass, originated from Antarctica has brought record low temperatures to Argentina, Chile and Uruguay, causing at least 15 deaths and forcing governments to restrict gas supplies and activate emergency shelters. The capital Buenos Aires recorded its lowest temperature since 1991 at -1.9 degrees Celsius (28.6 Fahrenheit) on Wednesday, while the coastal city of Miramar saw snow for the first time in 34 years. Montevideo recorded its lowest maximum temperature since 1967 at 5.8C on June 30. Snow even fell in parts of the Atacama Desert, the world's driest, for the first time in a decade.
2025 (Aug):[Def] Reports from August 2025 indicate around 500 officer cadets have been discharged since 1985, due to disabilities sustained during training at military institutions like the NDA, IMA, AFA. The MoD has approved extending the ECHS facilities to these cadets, a measure that has been met with widespread support. This action follows a Supreme Court intervention triggered by a newspaper investigation into the plight of disabled cadets and follows from concerns about insufficient ex-gratia payments and mounting medical bills.
2025 (Aug 15): NASA's Curiosity rover has spotted an unusual sight on Mars—rocks that look like fossilized dinosaur eggs or nests. These formations were discovered on August 15, 2025, in a region called The Boxworks, located along the Gediz Vallis Ridge on Mount Sharp.
2025 (Sep):[Research][Space] 3I/ATLAS will remain visible through telescopes and stargazing binoculars as it approaches the Sun. Interstellar Comet 3I/ATLAS is traveling at 130000 mph.
2025 (Oct 29):[Research][Space] 3I/ATLAS will come closest to the Sun on 29 October 2025, at a distance of 1.36 AU (203 million km; 126 million mi) from the Sun.
2025 (Dec):3I/ATLAS will be again visible through telescopes and stargazing binoculars in the morning sky, as it leaves the solar system.
2025 (Dec 22):[meds][business] Wegovy (tablets)(semaglutide) December 22, 2025 1.5 mg tablet, 4 mg tablet, 9 mg tablet, 25 mg tablet; weight reduction in obesity and overweight; to reduce the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in obesity or overweight
2025:[Geography] Earth's magnetic north pole has shifted away from Canada and closer to Siberia at a rapid pace in recent years. Researchers believe two massive blobs of molten iron in Earth's outer core may have spurred the runaway pole. NOAA gives the 2024 location of the magnetic north pole as 86 degrees North, 142 degrees East. By 2025, it is predicted that it will have drifted to 138 degrees East (same latitude).
2025:[Env][Extreme][mntngg] Annapurna I is the world's 10th highest mountain. It is known for being an extremely difficult climb, with 75 deaths on its slopes as of April 2025.
2025:[FnB] After blueberries, Avocadoes are now being sold for 180/kg on Indian street signals; Avocado Milkshakes for Rs. 20/glass in Kerela due to over-production; Avocado Toast as street food on Gujrat streets; Avocado Muska
2025:[Env] There is no exact total number of all ferrets alive today, as it includes both wild and domesticated populations. The domesticated ferret population is estimated to be over five million in the United States alone, though global figures are not available. In contrast, the critically endangered black-footed ferret has a much smaller population, with around 500 individuals in the wild and an additional captive population.
2025: Mercer Mettl - Ensure that you have a stable internet connection with a minimum speed of 512 kbps
2025:[military] Passing Out Parade (POP) of NDA 149th Course on 30 November 2025 (live stream starts 06:30 AM) and IMA 155th POP on 13 December 2025. Indian Naval Academy POP typically around 07:15 AM IST.
----------------------------------------- 250 years of Independent USA --------------------------------------------
2026:[US][GeoPolitics] United States intervention in Venezuela. (US's involvement in regime change)
2026:[GoI] In 2026, a massive administrative reshuffle in India will see nearly 300 senior IAS officers retire, including Cabinet Secretary T.V. Somanathan and 30-34 Uttar Pradesh cadre officers. Key state chief secretaries, 73 Rajya Sabha members (NDA 40, INDIA bloc 22), and various international sports figures are also scheduled to retire that year.
2026:[military][education] Applications are invited from eligible unmarried Male Engineering Graduates for 142nd Technical Graduate Course (TGC-142) commencing in Jan 2026 at Indian Military Academy (IMA), Dehradun for Permanent Commission in the Indian Army. Age Limit. 20 to 27 years as on 01 Jan 2026. (Candidates born between 02 Jan 1999 and 01 Jan 2006, both dates inclusive). Recommended candidates of TGC-142 nd course (Jan2026) whose merit is not within the number of allotted vacancies of respective Engineering streams, may be offered to join Short Service Commission (Tech) Course (Apr 2026), subject to meeting all other eligibility conditions & availability of unutilised vacancies (vacs) in SSC(T) course for respective Engineering streams. Their cumulative percentage of marks upto 6th semester/3rd year of Engg degree, upto 8th semester/4th year of B.Architecture (B.Arch) and upto 2nd semester/1st year of M.Sc in notified equivalent stream/ discipline is not below the approved cut off percentage in their respective streams.
2026: The latest drop of material - dubbed the Epstein files - on 30 January included three million pages, 180,000 images, 2,000 videos, and a number of household names like Richard Branson, Bill Gates and Elon Musk.
2026: China's solar capacity expected to top 1 TW by 2026 (MW, GW)
2026 (Jan 30):[meds][business] Ozempic (tablets) (semaglutide) (formerly Rybelsus (R2 formulation)) January 30, 2026 1.5 mg tablet, 4 mg tablet, 9 mg tablet; type 2 diabetes mellitus; to reduce the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in T2D
2026 (Mar): End Of The Line For Maoism By March 2026? Amit Shah Sets Deadline (25 Aug'24)
2026 (May):[Military] CNS Admiral Dinesh Kumar Tripathi (b 1964) is set to retire. Vice Admiral Sanjay Vatsayan (VCNS), Vice Admiral Gurcharan Singh (Chief of Personnel, Former Eastern Fleet Commander, commissioned in 1990, gunnery and missile specialist), Vice Admiral Krishna Swaminathan (C-i-C, Western Naval Command)
2026 (Jul):[Military] CoAS Gen Upendra Dwivedi is set to retire. Lt Gen Pushpendra Singh (VCoAS), Lt Gen Pratik Sharma (Northern Army Cdr.), or Lt Gen Dhiraj Seth (C-in-C, Southern Command)
2026:[US][GeoPolitics] Israeli–United States strikes on Iran. (US's involvement in regime change)
2026 (Apr):[culture] The “Jodidar” or polyandry tradition, still practised in parts of Sirmaur, allows two or more brothers from the same family to marry one woman. Though such practices were more common in the past, this particular marriage had gained widespread attention last year due to the couple’s modern background. Sunita Chauhan, who married Pradeep Negi and Kapil Negi under this custom, has given birth to a baby, bringing joy to the entire family. While one of the fathers is present at home celebrating the moment, the other, currently abroad, shared his happiness on social media along with a photo, which has since gone viral.
2026(May):[law] Swati Malik is a Delhi-based judicial officer accused of harassing her husband, Judge Aman Kumar Sharma, a fellow judicial officer residing in Safdarjung Enclave. 30YO Aman Kumar Sharma, native of Alwar, Rajasthan, residing at Green Park, New Delhi was found hanging on May 3, 2026, with allegations that Swati and her IAS sister (Nidhi Malik) pressured him, leading to his death. Aman Kumar Sharma s/o Adv Prem Prakash Sharma. Aman became judicial officer in 2021 @ 25YO and married his batchmate in the same year. Aman Kumar Sharma and Swati Malik have two kids 2YO and 5YO. Swati Malik is native of Sonipat. Nidhi Malik's husband is reportedly a senior IPS official.
2026 (May):[climate] Wind speeds are expected to range between 30-40 kmph and may occasionally touch 50 kmph during evening hours. The weather activity is linked to a fresh western disturbance approaching the western Himalayan region from Sunday onward. The IMD expects daytime temperatures to remain between 37 and 39 degrees Celsius over the next two days, while minimum temperatures may stay between 25 and 27 degrees Celsius. (May 10)
2026:[climate] Since 2000, Sea levels across European seas have risen at an average rate of 2–4 mm per year over the past 26 years.
2026:[climate] In Punjab, groundwater is depleting at a rate of 46 cm/year (based on 2003–2012 data), while Eastern Uttar Pradesh sees a 7 cm/yr reduction. In the Delhi region, groundwater levels are projected to fall from 13.22 meters in 2021 to 33.33 meters by 2040, a decline of over 20 meters in two decades due to rapid urbanization.
2026 (Jul 4):[US] 250 years of Independent USA .
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future...
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2027:[climate] Groundwater is depleting at an alarming rate, with annual declines of 0.5–1.0 m, driven by over-extraction for agriculture and urban growth, causing seawater intrusion in coastal areas up to 6.4 km inland. Future projections suggest severe shortages by 2030, with certain regions facing declines exceeding 7 meters by 2027 and major cities, including those in India, facing critically low levels.
2027 (Mar 31): प्रधकनमांत्री सूययघर मुफ्त दिजेी योजनक, भकरत सराकर ाी एा महत्वकाकां॰ी योजनक है, दजसमें 31मकर्य,2027 ता पूरलिलश में1 ारोड़ घरलेूउपभोातकओ ाल छत पर सौर ऊजकयसलऊदजयत ारनलाक ेक्ष्य रखक गयक है।
2027: IN will be $6 Trillion economy, said Morgan Stanley.
2027: IN will be $6 Trillion economy, said Morgan Stanley.
2027 (Aug):[India] Country's first bullet train - phase 1 live between Surat and Bilimora. Total project cost 1.98 lakh crore.
2027 (Oct):[Military] Air Chief Marshal Amar Preet Singh, the current Chief of the Air Staff of the Indian Air Force, is set to retire in October 2027. Born in October 1964, he assumed the role of the 28th Chief of the Air Staff on September 30, 2024, following his tenure as the Vice Chief of Air Staff. He is an alumnus of the National Defence Academy and was commissioned into the fighter stream in December 1984. A qualified flying instructor and experimental test pilot, he has over 5,000 hours of flying experience.
2027: BITS Pilani has announced the establishment of a new campus in Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh, with a specific focus on Artificial Intelligence (AI) and related technologies. This project represents a significant expansion, with a planned investment of approximately ₹1,000 crore for the first phase of development. Here are the key details regarding the BITS Pilani AI+ Campus in Amaravati: Key Features of the Amaravati Campus Specialization: The campus is dubbed as an "AI Plus" campus, focusing on Artificial Intelligence, Data Science, Robotics, Computational Linguistics, and Cyber-Physical Systems. Admissions & Operations: The campus is expected to commence operations and begin admissions by 2027. Capacity & Structure: Built over 35 acres (with 70 acres allotted by the state government), it will be developed in two phases. Phase 1: Designed to accommodate 3,000 students. Phase 2: Will expand to house over 7,000 students. Academic Offerings: The campus will offer undergraduate twinning programs, master's programs, and doctoral degrees (cotutelle) in collaboration with global institutions. Investment & Expansion Total Investment: BITS Pilani is investing over ₹2,200 crore in total to establish this new campus and upgrade existing ones. Project Vistaar: In addition to the Amaravati campus, BITS is investing ₹1,219 crore to upgrade its existing campuses in Pilani, Goa, and Hyderabad, increasing their total student capacity to 26,000 by 2030-31. Digital Initiative: The university also launched BITS Pilani Digital, an EdTech platform aiming to serve over 1 lakh learners in 5 years through 32 programs. The project aims to make Amaravati a hub for technology-driven, knowledge-based growth.
2027:[India] The next Ardh Kumbh Mela is scheduled to take place in Haridwar in 2027. The auspicious gathering, known for attracting millions for a holy dip in the River Ganga, is expected to be held from approximately January 14, 2027, to April 20, 2027. Preparations, including infrastructure planning, are already underway by the Uttarakhand government.
2028 Kumbh Mela: Haridwar.
2028: life span of constellation of 7 IRNSS comes to an end after 12 years.
2028:[space] Int'l Space Stn. may halt.
2028:[space] Int'l Space Stn. may halt.
2028:[India] Roshni Nadar Malhotra, Chairperson of HCLTech, spoke at the ceremony of India Chip Private Limited in Jewar, Uttar Pradesh, highlighting the significance of India's growing semiconductor ecosystem. She said the project, being developed in collaboration with Foxconn, will begin manufacturing in 2028 and produce up to 36 million chips per month at full capacity. Emphasising the link between semiconductors and artificial intelligence, she noted that both are critical to India's technological future, adding that the country is moving ahead confidently under the leadership of Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
2029: In FY25, IBM released its roadmap for achieving fault-tolerant quantum computers by 2029.
2029 (Dec):[India] Country's first bullet train - all phases live - total track length 508 kms. NHRSCL
2029:[climate] The likelihood of annual temperatures temporarily exceeding 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels is increasing significantly, with 2029 projected as a likely date for this threshold to be breached on a sustained basis.
2030:[Geo] The prediction of a potential Little Ice Age between 2030 and 2040 is rooted in detailed analyses of solar magnetic activity using advanced modeling techniques. However, updated solar observations and contemporary climate models suggest that such a dramatic cooling event may be less likely than originally proposed. (4 Jun 2025)
2030:[Computing][Quantum] McKinsey and Co. predicts that there will be 2,000-5,000 operational quantum computers by 2030. (as of 2022)
2030: Apple has a clear path to $1T in revenue by 2030 (Feb 19, 2022)
2030: TCS targets $50 billion in revenue by 2030: MD & CEO Rajesh Gopinathan
2030: NITI's report of first 15-year vision documents.
2030: I'll turn 35. (Upper Age Limit for UPPCS-J)
2030: In 2025, Google aimed to release commercial quantum computing applications within five years, particularly in materials science and medicine. Cisco also announced a new entanglement chip to speed up timelines.
2030: The quantum chip timeline progresses from early 2000s chip-scale devices and the first electronic processors to 2020s demonstrations of quantum advantage and advanced roadmaps for fault-tolerant computers by companies like IBM, Quantinuum, and Google, with commercial applications anticipated by 2030-2035 for specific problems. Key historical milestones include the development of the first working 2-qubit computer in 1998 and IBM's 2019 Q System One commercial launch.
2030: Reports indicate a growing global water crisis, with a notable 2018 NITI Aayog report highlighting that 21 major Indian cities, including Delhi, Bengaluru, and Chennai, were projected to run out of groundwater by 2030. This situation is exacerbated by climate change, rapid urbanization, and industrialization, leading to severe water stress for millions. 2019 NITI report stated nearly 600 million Indians face high-to-extreme water stress. Cities like Bengaluru and Mexico City are pumping out more water than can be naturally replenished, causing aquifers to deplete. Cities like Beijing, Tokyo, and London have also been ranked by the BBC among those most likely to face severe water shortages.
2030: The 21 cities are: Delhi, Gandhinagar, Gurgaon, Yamunanagar, Bangalore, Indore, Ratlam Amritsar, Jalandhar, Ludhiana, Mohali, Patiala, Ajmer, Bikaner, Jaipur, Jodhpur, Chennai, Vellore, Hyderabad, Agra, and Ghaziabad. Also Daman & Diu
113% extraction of the groundwater.
2030: Mumbai, Delhi, Bangalore, Kolkata, Chennai, Hyderabad, Ahmedabad, Surat, Pune, and Jaipur, as well as cities like Lucknow, Agra, Nagpur, Indore, and Amritsar. Other significant cities often cited are Bhopal, Jodhpur, and a collection of other significant urban centers like Ludhiana and Patna.
2030: Globally, a 2023 UN World Water Development Report warns that freshwater demand will exceed supply by 40% by 2030, emphasizing the need for urgent collective action to address water scarcity.
2030 Ardh Kumbh Mela: Prayagraj.
2032:[SpaceX] Asteroid 2024 YR4 is a near-Earth asteroid discovered in December 2024 that posed a small, but notable, risk of impacting Earth on December 22, 2032. However, after extensive observation and data collection, NASA has concluded that 2024 YR4 poses no significant impact risk to Earth in the foreseeable future. The asteroid, estimated to be between 40-90 meters (131-295 feet) in diameter, has had its impact probability reduced to effectively zero due to more precise orbital calculations.
2033:[sapce][tech] GPS satellites have a design lifespan ranging from 7.5 to 15 years, depending on the block generation. While older models were designed for 7.5 years, newer GPS III satellites are built to last 15 years. Many satellites often exceed their design life, with the average age of the constellation now around 13 years.
Block IIA/IIR: Designed for 7.5 years, though some lasted over 16 years. (launched: 1990-2004)
Block IIF: 12-year design. life, launched 2010–2016. (expiry: 2022 - 2028)
GPS III/IIIF: 15-year design life, with the first launching in 2018. (expiry: 2033)
The, U.S. Space Force maintains a constellation of over 30 satellites to ensure service continuity, as older units are decommissioned or move to graveyard orbits. Components, fuel capacity, and solar power generation determine how long a satellite remains operational, with advancements constantly extending these timelines.
2033 Kumbh Mela: Nasik-Trimbakeshwar.
2034: The consensus among cryptographers (as of 14 Oct 2024) is that it could be 10-20 years before quantum computers can run algorithms like Shor's at a scale necessary to break AES-256 encryption. This gives organizations ample time to transition to post-quantum cryptographic methods.
2035: 10 years of Majorana 1, Microsoft unveiled Majorana 1 in February 2025, claiming it's the world's first quantum chip powered by topological qubits, a new architecture using a material called a topoconductor to create more stable and scalable qubits. This chip is designed to enable quantum computers capable of solving industrial-scale problems much faster than today's computers.
2035: Tesla’s board of directors rolled out a pay package proposal for CEO Elon Musk that could, if he plays his cars right, turn the billionaire into the world’s first trillionaire. In a section of Tesla’s latest stock market update that began: “Yes, you read that correctly”, the board outlines everything Musk has to do to get his hands on that performance-based trillion. Which, to be fair, is a lot. Tesla needs to reach a market cap of $8.5tn, eight times its current value, in 10 years to get Musk the payout. (4-Sep-2025)
2036: Even once all its scientific systems are shut down, Voyager will continue transmitting a locator signal back to Earth, which will remain in range of the Deep Space Network until 2036. At that point, the Voyagers will sail beyond our sight, but will continue to travel ever outward into the depths of the Universe.
2036: According to the National Commission on Population in India's projections, roughly 38.6% of Indians (600 million) would live in cities in the next 15 years, i.e., by 2036 (AIJAZ 2021), putting strain on urban infrastructure, particularly water resources.
2036 Maha Kumbh Mela: Haridwar
2037:[India] Maha Kumbh (or Purna Kumbh) returns to Prayagraj every 12 years (since 2025).
2038:[fiction] NASA's exercise indicated a 72% chance of an asteroid (size of an airplane) hitting Earth in 2038 (Jul 12), highlighting concerns about preparedness. It was a part of a hypothetical exercise by NASA's planetary defence coordination office (24 Jun 2024)
2038: Asked about the most vexed project that the PRAGATI mechanism faced, Somanathan said the Jammu-Udhampur-Srinagar-Baramulla rail link project, worth Rs 42,760 crore, was approved in March 1994 and was finally commissioned on June 6, 2025. Had the project not been taken up under PRAGATI, it would have been completed only by Jan 2038.
2039:[Computing][IBM i] RPG programs using *JUL, *MDY, *DMY, or *YMD date data type will most likely crash or produce unintended results, as 2039 is the ceiling year for such date data types in IBM i.
[Generation] Gen Beta (2025–2039) ends; lasted for 14 years.
[Generation] Gen Gamma (2040–2053) starts; exists for next 13 years.
2040: New Horizons is expected to enter interstellar space in the 2040s.
2040:[climate] By 2040, around 7% of the land in Chennai would be submerged due to rise in sea levels, according to a report by the Center for Study of Science, Technology and Policy (CSTEP). The report ‘Sea level rise scenarios and inundation maps for selected Indian coastal cities,’ which was released on Thursday, stated that Adyar Eco-Park, Island Ground, State Emblem Monument, Pallikaranai wetland and port would be at high risk of sea level rise. (2 Aug 2024)
2043:[GeoPolitics][US] The Compacts of Free Association (COFA) are international agreements establishing and governing the relationships of free association between the United States and the three Pacific Island sovereign states of the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM), the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI), and the Republic of Palau. As a result, these countries are sometimes known as the Freely Associated States (FASs). All three agreements next expire in 2043.
2024:[climate] 2100 Global Projection: By 2100, more than half of the world's population is expected to reside in regions facing significant groundwater storage declines.
2045:[Culture] There's going to be epidemic of old women single and miserable, betrayed by the feminism fantasy.
----------------------------------------- 100 years of Independent India --------------------------------------------
2047: Making India drug-free by 2047 now every citizen's vow: Amit Shah (26 Aug'24)
2047: 100 years of Indian independence. India a developed country by now? $30 - $35 trillion economy. ViksitBharat@100
2047 (Nov 30): 25 years of ChatGPT, a generative artificial intelligence chatbot developed by OpenAI. As of Sep 2025, it uses GPT-5, a generative pre-trained transformer (GPT), to generate text, speech, and images in response to user prompts.
2050s: By 2050, the world is projected to see continued integration of AI, advanced robotics, and virtual reality, leading to more automated work, personalized experiences, and virtual interactions. Cities may become "smart" with advanced transportation, vertical farming, and increased reliance on renewable energy to address challenges like climate change. Medical advancements are expected to increase life spans, while innovations like 3D printing could address resource scarcity, though persistent challenges like climate change and potential resource strain will require significant policy and innovation to mitigate.
Technology and Daily Life
AI and Automation:
- AI-powered homes will manage daily tasks, and robots will assist in hospitals, schools, and workplaces, potentially freeing people for more creative work.
Virtual Reality (VR) and Metaverse:
- VR will likely replace current meeting technologies, offering 3D holographic experiences for socializing and work, according to Leverage Edu and the art of non-conformity.
Advanced Transportation:
- Expect to see a significant shift towards self-driving cars and flying taxis, along with smart, multimodal transport options and infrastructure designed for walking and cycling to reduce traffic and improve air quality.
Cities and Environment
Green and Smart Cities:
- Cities will likely be cleaner and greener, powered by renewable energy like solar and wind.
Vertical Farming and Food Security:
- To meet the needs of a growing population, vertical farming will be used to grow fresh food within cities, potentially alleviating land and food shortages.
Climate Change Impacts:
- While climate change will be a significant challenge, smart innovations and government action may work to level off global emissions, though the effects of warming and rising sea levels will persist.
Work and Society
Evolution of Work:
- The nature of work will change dramatically, with robots and AI handling many tasks, shifting human focus to creative and fulfilling work.
Increased Longevity:
Advancements in medicine are expected to lead to increased life spans and improved overall wellbeing for the global population.
Challenges and Opportunities
Resource Strain:
A growing global population and increased consumption will create resource strains, highlighting the need for innovations like 3D printing for resources and tools.
Global Identity:
There will likely be a rise in global identity, potentially influencing the concept of nation-states.
Key takeaway: The world in 2050 is expected to be a highly interconnected, technologically advanced society facing ongoing environmental and social challenges, with innovation and policy choices playing a crucial role in shaping the future.
Space Debris
Trash on Mt Everest (Dead Body count)
2050:By 2050, the weight of plastic in the ocean could exceed the weight of fish, and most ocean debris is plastic.
2050: It has been projected that Jakarta, home to 10 million residents, will sink in the next 30 years, i.e by 2050. (Jan 2022)
2050:[Cinema] The Adam Project
2050: If we reduce CO2 amounts to stop increasing after 2050, global average temperature will increase
from 1-1.5°C, and this is considered a best case scenario. If we don't reduce CO2 and the amounts
continue to increase, the worst case scenario warming will be 4.5-5°C.
2050: By the 2050s, if current trends continue, global plastic consumption and mismanaged waste will nearly double, with mismanaged waste reaching 121 million metric tons annually and total accumulated plastic stocks rising to 4,725 million metric tons, a significant increase from 2020 levels.
2050:[climate] Jakarta, Indonesia: Considered the fastest-sinking city in the world, with large parts expected to be underwater by 2050. Bangkok, Thailand: Up to one-third of the city could be submerged by 2050. Mumbai, India: Roughly 65% of the city, including areas like Colaba and Bandra, faces a high risk of submersion by 2050. Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam: Much of southern Vietnam and the city could be affected by 2050. Kolkata, India: Threatened by rising water levels in the Ganges Delta. Dhaka, Bangladesh: A significant portion is predicted to be submerged by 2050. Shanghai, China: High risk of flooding due to its position as a coastal, low-lying financial hub. Miami, USA: Vulnerable to increasing tidal flooding and storm surges. Venice, Italy: Struggles with rising sea levels and structural sinking.
2050:[climate] The "drowning" of these cities is caused by a combination of factors: Thermal expansion: Oceans expand as they warm, causing sea levels to rise. Ice melt: Melting glaciers and polar ice sheets add more water to the oceans. Land subsidence: Many cities are sinking due to groundwater extraction and the weight of infrastructure. Storm Surges: Rising sea levels intensify flooding during storms and high tides.
Challenges/Concerns from 2025:
climate change - rising global temperatures and more extreme weather events
(depletion of ancient icesheets, glaciers, cloud bursts, flodding of rivers, drought, low water levels)
biodiversity loss,
various forms of pollution (air, water, plastic, waste, light),
habitat destruction,
resource depletion, and
overpopulation
overconsumption - a threat to sustainability
2051:
----------------------------------------- 275 years of Independent USA --------------------------------------------
2051:
2053:
[Generation] Gen Gamma (2040–2053) ends; lasted for 13 years.
2061 (Jun):1986: Halley's Comet last appeared in the inner parts of the Solar System in 1986 and
will next appear in mid-2061. Officially designated 1P/Halley, it is also commonly called Comet Halley,
or sometimes simply Halley.
2067:[Cinema] In 2067, as humanity is facing extinction following a global famine caused by ecocide, it has since abandoned scientific pursuits such as space exploration. As a result, ex-NASA pilot Joseph Cooper is now forced to work as a farmer with his son Tom, daughter Murph and father-in-law Donald.
2070s:[Age] If you were unfortunate enough, you'd live long enough to experience the pain of aging, growing old. People born in 1990s would be in their 80s waiting to greet death with a smiling face and embrace her company for eternity. Shout in the void finally comes to a standstill. At this time you'd bid adieu a generation that is just starting to live another 80-100 years (2150s) on the planet Earth, likely starting a new civilization on Mars.
2072:
----------------------------------------- 125 years of Independent India --------------------------------------------
2072:
2074:[Cinema] In 2074, when the mob wants to get rid of someone, the target is sent into the past, where a hired gun awaits - someone like Joe - who one day learns the mob wants to 'close the loop' by sending back Joe's future self for assassination. - Looper (2012)
2076:
----------------------------------------- 300 years of Independent USA --------------------------------------------
2076:
2076: Terafab will enable human civilization to achieve Kardishev level 2 civilization status by 2076. Based on reports surrounding Tesla's announcements in March 2026, Terafab is a massive, vertically integrated AI chip fabrication facility initiated by Elon Musk. It is designed to be the world's largest chip plant, targeting massive production capabilities for Tesla's AI and robotic needs. Designed to produce between 100 and 200 billion custom AI and memory chips per year, aiming for 2-nanometer process technology. The fab is intended to solve projected supply bottlenecks for Tesla's autonomous vehicles (robotaxis) and Optimus humanoid robots.
2097:
----------------------------------------- 150 years of Independent India --------------------------------------------
2097:
22nd century CE will start on 1st Jan 2101 AD.
2100s: The world in the 2100s could be drastically different, either a tech-driven utopia with advanced AI and medicine, or a harsh reality shaped by severe climate change with extreme weather, rising sea levels, and resource scarcity. The outcome depends on human action on emissions, but advanced technologies like AI, self-driving cars, and gene editing could become widespread, transforming daily life and healthcare. However, without action, heatwaves, droughts, and floods will be much more common, and global sea levels could rise significantly.
2100:[climate] SSP5-8.5 (SSP585) is a high-emissions climate scenario used in CMIP6 models, representing a "fossil-fueled development" pathway. It features rapid economic growth, energy-intensive lifestyles, and limited climate mitigation, leading to 8.5 W/m2 of radiative forcing by 2100 and warming likely exceeding 4*C by the end of the century.
2100:[climate] 2100 Global Projection: By 2100, more than half of the world's population is expected to reside in regions facing significant groundwater storage declines.
2100:[climate] The CSTEP report projects inundation of 7.29% (86.6 sq.km) of Chennai Metropolitan Area (CMA) by 2040, and go up to 9.65% (114.31 sq.km) by 2060, 15.11% (159.28 sq.km) by 2080, and 16.9% (207.04 sq.km) by 2100. The report states that industrial areas in Thoothukudi would face the highest risk of inundation.
2100:[climate] By 2100, global sea levels could rise between 0.3 and 1 meter (1 to 3 feet)
2100: Most cities will be submerged in water, like Venice
2100: By 2100, the average annual temperature in India could climb by 4 °C due to excessive greenhouse gas emissions (i.e. shift from ~25*C to 30*C)
2100: Global sea level is expected to rise by at least 30 cm (12 inches) by the end of this century, regardless of any reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. That number could be much higher if no actions to reduce global emissions are taken.
2100:[climate] Coastal cities at high risk of severe flooding or partial submergence by 2050–2100 due to sea-level rise and land subsidence include Jakarta, Bangkok, Mumbai, Shanghai, and Ho Chi Minh City. Other highly vulnerable cities include Venice, Amsterdam, New Orleans, Miami, and Kolkata, largely due to their location on low-lying, soft deltaic soil.
2122:
----------------------------------------- 175 years of Independent India --------------------------------------------
2122:
2147:
----------------------------------------- 200 years of Independent India --------------------------------------------
2147:
2150: End of the generation (next to us) that was bid adieu by the people born in 1990s, likely they'd be starting a new civilization on Mars.
2168:[Cinema] Avatar: The Way of Water
2170:[Cinema] Avatar: Fire and Ash is set in the mid-22nd century, approximately one year after the events of Avatar: The Way of Water, placing it around the year 2171. The film continues the conflict between the Na'vi and the RDA, focusing on Jake Sully's family and new, more aggressive Na'vi clans in the volcanic regions of Pandora.
2197:
----------------------------------------- 250 years of Independent India --------------------------------------------
2197:
USA completed 250 years of Indepence in 2026
23rd century CE will start on 1st Jan 2201 AD.
2274:[Cinema] The Matrix Resurrections (2021)
2407:[Extreme][Who] The world's first synthetic plastic, Bakelite, was invented in New York in 1907 Plastics can take anywhere from 20 to 500 years to decompose, depending on the material and structure. Additionally, how fast a plastic breaks down depends on sunlight exposure. Single-use plastic bags: Around 20 years. Plastic bottles (PET): Approximately 450 years. Fishing lines: Can take up to 600 years. Other plastics: Can take hundreds or even thousands of years. Even after breaking down, plastics don't fully disappear. They become microplastics, which can absorb toxins and persist in the environment, polluting ecosystems and potentially entering the food chain.
2526: India’s vast thorium reserves, constituting roughly 85% of the world’s supply along its coastal regions, have the potential to power the nation for nearly 500 years. With the recent criticality of the 500 MWe Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor (PFBR) in Kalpakkam, India is moving to stage two of its nuclear program to eventually utilize thorium, promising to drastically increase energy security. Projections suggest these reserves can generate 5,000 units of electricity per person annually for 500 years, transforming India's energy landscape. (Apr 2026)
29th century CE will start on 1st Jan 2801 AD.
2899:[Computing][IBM i] RPG programs using *CYMD, *CDMY, or *CMDY date data type will most likely crash or produce unintended results, as 2899 is the ceiling year for such date data types in IBM i.
2989:[Cinema] Set in a dystopian future in the year 2898 AD, the story follows a group on a mission to protect lab subject SUM-80's unborn child, believed to be Kalki.
4038:[Cinema] Arena (1989)
5000:[Cinema] Terror from the Year 5000 (1958)
6868:[Cinema] Journey to the Center of Time (1967)
9999:[Computing][IBM i] Most programs using *ISO, *LONGJUL, *USA, *EUR or *JIS date data type will crash or produce unintended results, as 9999 is the ceiling year for almost all date data types in all programming languages. Dat
10191:[Cinema] Dune (1984, 2021)
11000: The next glacial maximum is not expected for at least 50,000 to 100,000 years, and possibly not at all, because current human-caused global warming is predicted to delay or prevent the next natural ice age by adding heat-trapping gases to the atmosphere. Natural orbital cycles would have typically triggered the next glaciation to begin around 11,000 years from now, reaching its peak extent much later.
+12,022: The blackholes sharing the name PKS 2131-021 are travelling towards the self-destructive trajectory around 9 billion light-years away from Earth. As per a NASA statement, the black holes proceeded towards each other for around 100 million years and now are locked in a binary orbit with the two black holes orbiting each other once every two years. And this event will send ripples in the fabric of space-time -- something that Albert Einstein had originally predicted. It will help reveal new information about the formation of supermassive black holes and the after-effects of their collision.
12,090:[Cinema] Vampire Hunter D, Bloodlust (1985, 2000)
12025:[Geo] The next ice age is naturally expected in approximately 10,000 years, based on Earth's orbital cycles and the start of a new glacial period. However, human-caused global warming is diverting the climate from its natural course, making the next ice age unlikely within that timeframe and potentially postponing it for tens of thousands of years. (2025 - Earth's climate has long-term cycles between ice ages and warmer interglacial periods, with the most recent ice age ending about 11,700 years ago. A 2025 study by UC Santa Barbara and Cardiff University used this orbital pattern to accurately predict past interglacial periods and determined a new ice age should naturally occur around 10,000 years from now. )
13724:[Space] Vega has been extensively studied by astronomers, leading it to be termed "arguably the next most important star in the sky after the Sun". Vega was the northern pole star around 12000 BCE and will be so again around the year 13724, when its declination will be +84° 14′, less than six degrees from the Pole.
13724:[Space][Geo] It takes Earth's axis about 26,000 years to complete a circular "wobble." This wobble is called axial precession. Earth's axis helps determine the North Star, and axial precession helps change it. Currently, for instance, Earth's axis points toward a star called Polaris. The Earth's next axial precession will be a slow, 26,000-year cycle of wobbling, not a single event. The next significant change will be in about 13,000 years, when the star Vega will become the North Star, replacing Polaris. The current cycle is halfway complete, meaning we are about 13,000 years into the 26,000-year process, with the next shift occurring in roughly another 13,000 years. (2023)
13950:[Cinema] Mortal Engines (2018)
50000: Predicted changes in orbital forcing suggest that the next glacial period would begin at least 50,000 years from now. Moreover, anthropogenic forcing from increased greenhouse gases is estimated to potentially outweigh the orbital forcing of the Milankovitch cycles for hundreds of thousands of years.
1L: One study suggests that adding even more carbon dioxide could delay the next ice age beyond 100,000 years.
+80L: 1 million years of homo sapiens
+1M:[Geography] The full separation of the African plate into the Somali and Nubian plates is expected to happen in one to five million years, a process that would result in the creation of a new ocean. This splitting is a slow, geological process occurring along the East African Rift System, which has been developing for 25 million years.
+5M:[Geography] After 30 million years, the African plate will fully split into two new techtonic plates, viz. the Somali and Nubian plates, along with the creation of a new ocean.
+16M:[Computing] Expect result from a supercomputer that starts cracking an RSA encryption in 2023 by factoring the unique product of two 313 digits long primes used in such encryption.
+50M:[space] Because the orbit of Phobos is below a synchronous altitude, tidal forces from Mars are gradually lowering its orbit. In about 50 million years, it could either crash into Mars's surface or break up into a ring structure around the planet.
+200M:[space] if moon kept on drifting from Earth at ~4cm/year, the length of the day at Earth would be 25h.
+1000M: Earth's life is expected to end in about a billion years, as the sun expands and its increasing heat makes life unsustainable.
+5000M: The Sun will begin to die in about 5 billion years when it runs out of hydrogen fuel. After the hydrogen runs out, there will be a period of 2-3 billion years whereby the sun will go through the phases of star death. Once the hydrogen runs out, our yellow dwarf star will begin to swell. After which it will expand into a red giant. In its red giant phase, the Sun will become so large it may engulf the inner planets, including Earth. Afterward, it will shed its outer layers to form a planetary nebula, leaving behind a white dwarf that slowly cools and fades over trillions of years.
+5000M: sun runs out of fuel in its core, it'll release outer layer of gas into space, and become white dwarf (and formation of a b'ful nebula in the space) ; on the other hand, Big stars (8-10 times mass of the sun) die to form supernovae, and then neutron star
+5000M: Even at its high current rate of retreat, the Moon is unlikely to ever leave the Earth entirely. The Sun's own calamitous demise will probably intervene long before that happens in around 5-10 billion years.
+5000M: Astronomers have gotten a sneak peek at what could be Earth's ultimate fate in about 5 billion years when the sun reaches the end of its life and engulfs the solar system's inner planets – including our own.
few billions year after: Andromeda Galaxy would collide with Milky way They are moving towards each other at about 5.5km/sec.
+5000M: Andromeda galaxy travelling at 87 miles/sec will collide with the milky way. It is 2.5M LY away from us (as of 2023)
"I'm in love with you, and I'm not in the business of denying myself the simple pleasure of saying true things. I'm in love with you, and I know that love is just a shout into the void, and that oblivion is inevitable, and that we're all doomed and that there will come a day when all our labor has been returned to dust, and I know the sun will swallow the only earth we'll ever have, and I am in love with you.”
― John Green, The Fault in Our Stars (pub: 10 Jan 2012)
+1000B: The white dwarf (sun) will gradually cool and dim over trillions of years, becoming a "black dwarf". Over vast stretches of time, the gravitational bonds of the solar system will weaken, potentially scattering the remaining planets into space.
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1mAmp: the threshold of sensation of electrical current for human.
160dB: the loudest sound human can safely hear.
10 kiloohms: Resistance of dry skin.
400g: weight of a healthy human heart.
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8-methyl-N-6-nonenamide: Capsaicin, the active ingridient in chiilis.
Tobasco sauce is 260 ppm Capsaicin. Max is 17,000 ppm in a habanero chilli.
VR1: nerve receptor that responsible for sensing heat or physical abrasion.
Jawahar Lal Nehru, the first Indian Prime Minister of King George VI, the monarch of the United Kingdom, the British Commonwealth and the British Empire .
153 million children (between 5 to 14) are forced into child labour worldwide.
India is also the second-largest sending country of international students to the United States after China.
it took 2 yrs. 11 months and 18 days for the Constituent Assembly to finalize the Constitution of India.
it took 2 yrs. 11 months and 18 days for the Constituent Assembly to finalize the Constitution of India.
Indian Railway: from 32 kms. (1853) to 64,015 kms. (2009) 63,974 (31st Mar 2010) ; 7,030 railway stations.
Broad Gauge (1.676m, 85%); Meter Gauge (1m, 11%); Narrow Gauge (0.61m or 0.762m, 4%)
Locomotives: 45 Steam, 5000 Diesel, and 3500 Electric
PCV: 50,000
Other Coaches: 6000
Wagons: 2,12,000
Train= Loco+PCV (or PSV)+Coach+Wagon?
PCV: Passenger Carrying/Service Vehicle
Indian Airlines + Air India: 54 domestic + 18 international airports
Indian Waterways: 14, 500 kms. of navigable waterways through rivers, canals, backwaters, creeks etc.
In India, about 20 million children are orphans.
GoI's Definition of an Orphan: a child who is without biological or adoptive parents and the child is residing in Child Care Institution or under foster care of a guardian or any fit person whose annual income from all sources doesn't exceed Rs. 1 lakh. [Sec 2, Clause 42, Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Child) Act, 2015]
GoI's Definition of an Orphan: a child who is without biological or adoptive parents and the child is residing in Child Care Institution or under foster care of a guardian or any fit person whose annual income from all sources doesn't exceed Rs. 1 lakh. [Sec 2, Clause 42, Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Child) Act, 2015]
1960: Dr. M.L. Goel invented the electoral ink for India in around 1960.
1960:[Book][Adventure] The Mountaineers's Mountaineering: The Freedom of the Hills
Before the grid collapse, the private sector spent $29 billion to build their own independent power stations in order to provide reliable power to their factories. The five biggest consumers of electricity in India have private off-grid supplies. Indian companies have 35 GW of private off-grid generation capacity and plan to add another 33 GW to their off-grid capacity.
Some villages that were not connected to the grid were not affected, such as Meerwada, Madhya Pradesh which had a 14 kW solar power station built by a United States-based firm for $125,000.
[Energy][India] The cost of Setting up a 1 MW Solar power plant is around 6.5 crore. It can be estimated using examples of similarly set up power plants in Jodhpur, Rajasthan which cost 800 crore INR and Raasi solar park in Tamil Nadu which cost around 900 crore INR. For 100 MW solar plant cost can be around 4.5-5.5 crore/MW.
Some villages that were not connected to the grid were not affected, such as Meerwada, Madhya Pradesh which had a 14 kW solar power station built by a United States-based firm for $125,000.
[Energy][India] The cost of Setting up a 1 MW Solar power plant is around 6.5 crore. It can be estimated using examples of similarly set up power plants in Jodhpur, Rajasthan which cost 800 crore INR and Raasi solar park in Tamil Nadu which cost around 900 crore INR. For 100 MW solar plant cost can be around 4.5-5.5 crore/MW.
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Three sessions of Lok Sabha take place in a year:
Budget session: February to May. (longest)
Monsoon session: July to September. (moderate)
Winter session: November to mid December. (shortest)
When in session, Lok Sabha holds its sittings usually from 11 A.M. to 1 P.M. and from 2 P.M. to 6 P.M. On some days the sittings are continuously held without observing lunch break and are also extended beyond 6 P.M. depending upon the business before the House. Lok Sabha does not ordinarily sit on Saturdays and Sundays and other closed holidays.
The length of each session and the dates etc are decided by the cabinet committee on parliamentary affairs while the business of the day and how to go about discussions etc is given by the business advisory committee.
Every new Lok Sabha when convened and the first session of every new year starts with a joint address by the President to both houses of the Parliament.
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Mar: [India] Exam Season for School Students.
Apr: [India] Promotion Season for School Students. Schools reopens after successful completion of exams and declaring results. Students get promoted to next standards.
Apr 1: [India] Financial Year or Fiscal Year (FY) starts. New Balance sheet and Income statement of a company are prepared.
In India/UK/Japan, FY/Fiscal Year/Financial Year/Budget Year
New Year: To-Do: Hopes/Manifestos/Decisions/to-achieve/Plans/Schemes/Projects/Programs/Ideas/Design/Outline
New Year Eve: Did: Summaries/Conclusions/Reports/Annual Statements/Developments/Achievements/Essence/Compendium/Synopsis/Précis/Résumé//Abstract/Encapsulation/Digest/Outline
Jan 1 (00:00 AM IST): Q4 Starts;
Mar 31 (11:59 PM IST): Q4 Ends; Tax Dept./Company's New Year Eve
Apr 1 (00:00 AM IST): Q1 Starts; Tax Dept./Company's New Year
Jun 30 (11:59 PM IST): Q1 Ends; Pak Gov./RBI's New Year Eve
Jul 1 (00:00 AM IST): Q2 Starts; RBI's New Year
Sep 30 (11:59 PM IST): Q2 Ends; US Gov's NY Eve
Oct 1 (00:00 AM IST): Q3 Starts;
Dec 31 (11:59 PM IST): Q3 Ends; France/Mexico/Ireland/Russia/Spain New Year Eve
USA (seasons, academic semesters)
Spring (Mar-Jun): Begins on March 20, at 5:24 PM and ends on June 21
Summer (Jun-Sep): Begins on June 21, at 10:58 AM and ends on September 23
Fall (Sep-Dec): Begins on September 23, at 2:50 AM and ends on December 21
Winter (Dec-Mar): Begins on December 21, at 10:27 PM and ends on March 19, 2024
In India, "FY17 = FY 2016-17 = FY 2016-2017 = from Apr 1, 2016 to Mar 31, 2017"
In China
May: Exam Season for College/University Students.
Jul: Promotion Season for College/University Students. College reopens after a week or two break for the odd semester (1/3/5/7).
Jul 31: [India] Filing of Income Tax returns are filed and taxes of a company are paid of the recent FY.
Sep 30: [India] Filing of Income Tax returns are filed and taxes of a company are paid of the previous year FY.Nov 20: Universal Children's Day
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Problems of ancient Greeks: Problem of Apollonius, Squaring the circle, Doubling the cube, and Angle trisection
35,786km: GEO: Geosynchronous Equatorial Orbit or Geostationary Orbit;
It is a circular orbit 35,786 kilometres above the Earth's equator and following the direction of the Earth's rotation.
This equates to an orbital velocity of 3.07 km/s (1.91 mi/s) and an orbital period of 1,436 minutes, which equates to almost exactly one sidereal day (23.934461223 hours).
GSO: Geo-Synchronous Orbit.
GTO: Geostationary Transfer Orbit is used to move a satellite from Low Earth Orbit (LEO) into a Geosync Equatorial Orbit (GEO)
17000km: MEO: the region of space around the Earth at 16,893km amsl
10000km: 2200km long Exosphere ends.
Problems of ancient Greeks: Problem of Apollonius, Squaring the circle, Doubling the cube, and Angle trisection
The earliest member of the genus Homo is Homo habilis which evolved around 2.8 million years ago. Homo erectus were the first of the hominins to emigrate from Africa, and, from 1.8 to 1.3 million years ago, this species spread through Africa, Asia, and Europe.
Stone Age (Paleolithic
Bronze Age
Copper Age
Iron Age
Lithic: Greek: λιθος, lithos "stone"
Paleo: Ancient Greek: παλαιός, palaiós “old, ancient, prehistoric, primitive”
Epi: Greek: ἐπι, epi "in addition"
Meso: Greek: μεσος, mesos "middle"
Neo: Ancient Greek: νεο, neo “new, young, contemporary”
Neo: Ancient Greek: νεο, neo “new, young, contemporary”
Chalco: Greek: χαλκός khalkós "copper"
Proto: Ancient Greek πρῶτος, prôtos “first”
Logy: Ancient Greek λόγος, lógos “word”
Proto: Ancient Greek πρῶτος, prôtos “first”
Logy: Ancient Greek λόγος, lógos “word”
Archai: Ancient Greek ἀρχαϊκός, arkhaïkós “old-fashioned”), from ἀρχαῖος (arkhaîos, “from the beginning, antiquated, ancient, old”), from ἀρχή (arkhḗ, “beginning, origin”), from ἄρχω (árkhō, “I am first”).
The Iroquois, Mound Builders, Algonquian and Shawnee are a few Woodland tribes.
the phrase "pre-Columbian era" literally refers only to the time preceding Christopher Columbus's voyages of 1492, in practice the phrase usually is used to denote the entire history of indigenous Americas cultures until those cultures were significantly influenced by Europeans.
of 1,415 pathogens known to infect humans, 61% were zoonotic.
Mumbai: India’s economic powerhouse, Mumbai not only contributes the highest GDP of $209 billion but is also responsible for 25% of industrial output, 70% of maritime trade in India and 70% of capital transactions to the nation’s economy. Population: 14 million.
Population of Indore: 2.5 million
more than 1,500 registered voters, leads to the creation of a new polling centre/booth by ECI.
Delhi: The national capital contributes the second highest GDP of $167 billion. With a large consumer market, the city has been successful in attracting foreign direct investments.
Delhi is known for its fastest growing retail industries and the city’s economy consists of integral sectors like construction, power, telecommunications, health and community services and real estate. Population: 1.6 crore or 16.5 million.
Russia: According to the most prominent theory, the name Rus', like the Finnish name for Sweden (Ruotsi), is derived from an Old Norse term for "the men who row" (rods-) as rowing was the main method of navigating the rivers of Eastern Europe, and that it could be linked to the Swedish coastal area of Roslagen (the rowing crews) or Roden, as it was known in earlier times.
SSC: Staff Selection Commission (
SSC: Short Service Commission in Indian Military implies a carees of most extreme 10+4 years and least 10 years. At the end 10 yrs you have 3 options. Either elect for a Permanent Commission or opt out or have the option of 4 years extension.
SSB: Services Selection Board, is the Personality and Intelligence Interview spread over 5 days which scientifically analyses each candidate's potential and compatibility for commission into the Armed Forces of India.
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Airs-Waters-Minerals-Metals-Ores-Fze-Microbes
elements-compounds-substances-alloys-organic-inorganic-proteins
of 1,415 pathogens known to infect humans, 61% were zoonotic.
Mumbai: India’s economic powerhouse, Mumbai not only contributes the highest GDP of $209 billion but is also responsible for 25% of industrial output, 70% of maritime trade in India and 70% of capital transactions to the nation’s economy. Population: 14 million.
Population of Indore: 2.5 million
more than 1,500 registered voters, leads to the creation of a new polling centre/booth by ECI.
Delhi: The national capital contributes the second highest GDP of $167 billion. With a large consumer market, the city has been successful in attracting foreign direct investments.
Delhi is known for its fastest growing retail industries and the city’s economy consists of integral sectors like construction, power, telecommunications, health and community services and real estate. Population: 1.6 crore or 16.5 million.
Russia: According to the most prominent theory, the name Rus', like the Finnish name for Sweden (Ruotsi), is derived from an Old Norse term for "the men who row" (rods-) as rowing was the main method of navigating the rivers of Eastern Europe, and that it could be linked to the Swedish coastal area of Roslagen (the rowing crews) or Roden, as it was known in earlier times.
SSC: Staff Selection Commission (
SSC: Short Service Commission in Indian Military implies a carees of most extreme 10+4 years and least 10 years. At the end 10 yrs you have 3 options. Either elect for a Permanent Commission or opt out or have the option of 4 years extension.
SSB: Services Selection Board, is the Personality and Intelligence Interview spread over 5 days which scientifically analyses each candidate's potential and compatibility for commission into the Armed Forces of India.
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Airs-Waters-Minerals-Metals-Ores-Fze-Microbes
elements-compounds-substances-alloys-organic-inorganic-proteins
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Sunil Pal (nander)
Ahsaan Qureshi (Seoni, MP)
Raju Srivastava (Kanpur)
Naveen Prabhakar (Kanpur)
Bhagwant Mann (Sangrur, Punjab)
Parag Kansara (Vadodara, Gujarat)
TGIL Challenge II
Rauf Lala (Larkana, Pakistan)
Rajeev Nigam (Mumbai, India)
Khayali (Chandigarh) and Pratap Faujdar (Agra, UP)
Irfan Malik and Ali Hassan (Karachi, Pakistan)
Dr. Tushar Shah (Mumbai, India)
Rajkumar Javkar- Rancho (Mumbai, India)
Saransh Bhardwaj (Gwalior, MP) (as a guest appearance)
Gaurav Jha (Madhubani,Bihar)
TGIL Challenge III
Kapil Sharma (Amritsar, Panjab)
Chandan Prabhakar (Amritsar)
Sudesh Lehri (Amritsar)
Parvez Siddiqui (Karachi, Pakistan)
Rajiv Thakur (Amritsar)
Kuldeep Dubey (Shivpuri, Madhya Pradesh)
TGIL Challenge IV
Suresh Albela (Kota, Rajasthan) (Winner)
Sikandar Sanam and Wali Sheikh (Karachi, Pakistan)
Bharti Singh (Amritsar, Punjab)
jaswant singh (ludhiana)
Rasbihari Gaur (Ajmer, Rajasthan)
Shrikant Maski
Ramdas Yeole(Amravati)
Rehan jamlal (Karachi Sindh Pakistan)
Sugandha Mishra
Hello Kaun? Pehchaan Kaun
Rooesh Mirkap as Hrithik Roshan
Vishal Gaba as Himmesh Reshammia
Sumedh as Aamir Khan
Rameshwar Mahajan as Johnny Lever
Raja Sagoo as Salman Khan
Sanjay Keni as Arshad Warsi
Mukesh Patel as Dhoni
Deepak Kumar as Ritesh Deshmukh
KT as Ajay Devgan
Abhin Sinha as Akshaye Khanna
Sandeep as Jim Carrey
Rajkumar Prashad as Baba Ramdev
Rajat Bhaghat as Salmaan khan
Siraj Khan as Laloo Yadav & Nana Patekar
Chunky Pandey and Suresh Menon
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Hinduja Group
Ashok Leyland
Hinduja Foundries Ltd
Hinduja Bank (Switzerland) Ltd
IndusInd Bank
Hinduja Leyland Finance Ltd
Hinduja Global Solutions Ltd
Hinduja Ventures Ltd
Gulf Oil Corporation Ltd
Gulf Oil Lubricants India Limited
Gulf Oil Middle East Ltd
Hinduja National Power Corporation Ltd
IndusInd Media and Communications Ltd
IDL Specialty Chemicals Ltd
Hinduja Realty Ventures Ltd
Ashok Leyland Wind Energy Ltd
Hinduja Tech Limited (formerly Defiance Technologies Limited)
Hinduja Group India Limited
P D Hinduja National Hospital and Medical Research Centre
Hinduja Healthcare Ltd
KPB Hinduja College of Commerce
Houghton International
Albonair GmbH, Germany
Nxt Digital HITS
Roman Empire - Timeline
-753: Rome is founded
-509: Rome becomes a Republic
-218: Hannibal invades Italy
-45: Julius Caesar becomes the first dictator of Rome
-44: Julius Caesar is assassinated
-27: Roman Empire begins
64: Much of Rome burns
80: Colosseum is built
122: Hadrian Wall is built
306: Constantine becomes Emperor in 306 AD
380: Christianity
395: Rome splits
410: The Visigoths sack Rome
476: End of the Western Roman Empire and the fall of Ancien…
1453: The Byzantine Empire ends
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TGIL Challenge ISunil Pal (nander)
Ahsaan Qureshi (Seoni, MP)
Raju Srivastava (Kanpur)
Naveen Prabhakar (Kanpur)
Bhagwant Mann (Sangrur, Punjab)
Parag Kansara (Vadodara, Gujarat)
TGIL Challenge II
Rauf Lala (Larkana, Pakistan)
Rajeev Nigam (Mumbai, India)
Khayali (Chandigarh) and Pratap Faujdar (Agra, UP)
Irfan Malik and Ali Hassan (Karachi, Pakistan)
Dr. Tushar Shah (Mumbai, India)
Rajkumar Javkar- Rancho (Mumbai, India)
Saransh Bhardwaj (Gwalior, MP) (as a guest appearance)
Gaurav Jha (Madhubani,Bihar)
TGIL Challenge III
Kapil Sharma (Amritsar, Panjab)
Chandan Prabhakar (Amritsar)
Sudesh Lehri (Amritsar)
Parvez Siddiqui (Karachi, Pakistan)
Rajiv Thakur (Amritsar)
Kuldeep Dubey (Shivpuri, Madhya Pradesh)
TGIL Challenge IV
Suresh Albela (Kota, Rajasthan) (Winner)
Sikandar Sanam and Wali Sheikh (Karachi, Pakistan)
Bharti Singh (Amritsar, Punjab)
jaswant singh (ludhiana)
Rasbihari Gaur (Ajmer, Rajasthan)
Shrikant Maski
Ramdas Yeole(Amravati)
Rehan jamlal (Karachi Sindh Pakistan)
Sugandha Mishra
Hello Kaun? Pehchaan Kaun
Rooesh Mirkap as Hrithik Roshan
Vishal Gaba as Himmesh Reshammia
Sumedh as Aamir Khan
Rameshwar Mahajan as Johnny Lever
Raja Sagoo as Salman Khan
Sanjay Keni as Arshad Warsi
Mukesh Patel as Dhoni
Deepak Kumar as Ritesh Deshmukh
KT as Ajay Devgan
Abhin Sinha as Akshaye Khanna
Sandeep as Jim Carrey
Rajkumar Prashad as Baba Ramdev
Rajat Bhaghat as Salmaan khan
Siraj Khan as Laloo Yadav & Nana Patekar
Chunky Pandey and Suresh Menon
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Hinduja Group
Ashok Leyland
Hinduja Foundries Ltd
Hinduja Bank (Switzerland) Ltd
IndusInd Bank
Hinduja Leyland Finance Ltd
Hinduja Global Solutions Ltd
Hinduja Ventures Ltd
Gulf Oil Corporation Ltd
Gulf Oil Lubricants India Limited
Gulf Oil Middle East Ltd
Hinduja National Power Corporation Ltd
IndusInd Media and Communications Ltd
IDL Specialty Chemicals Ltd
Hinduja Realty Ventures Ltd
Ashok Leyland Wind Energy Ltd
Hinduja Tech Limited (formerly Defiance Technologies Limited)
Hinduja Group India Limited
P D Hinduja National Hospital and Medical Research Centre
Hinduja Healthcare Ltd
KPB Hinduja College of Commerce
Houghton International
Albonair GmbH, Germany
Nxt Digital HITS
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1982 (Apr): INSAT-1A (Indian National), mission failed.
1983 (Aug): INSAT-1B
2011 (Oct 12): SRMSAT (Sri Ramaswamy Memorial); cost=₹15M; alt.=867 km; incl.=20°; orbital speed=7.42 km/s
2012 (Apr 26): RISAT (Radar Imaging); cost=₹3.8B
2011 (Apr 20): YOUTHSAT; PSLV-C16; SolaRad, RaBIT and LVHS; The project was developed in collaboration with M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia. YouthSat was initially proposed by Dr. Kalam on his visit to Russia during 2005.
2010 (Jul 12): STUDSAT; 98°; 950g; This project was conceptualised, designed and managed by undergraduate students across India.
2009 (Apr 20): ANUSAT (Anna University); ₹; incl.=41.2°; period=1.6 hours; launch_mass=40 kg; apogee=552 km
2005 (May 5): CARTOSAT; incl.=97.81°; period=1.6 hours; rocket=PSLV, launch_site=SDSC; Cartosat-1 or IRS-P5 is a stereoscopic Earth observation satellite in a sun-synchronous orbit, and the first one of the Cartosat series of satellites. The satellite was built, launched and maintained by the Indian Space Research Organisation.
HAMSAT
EDUSAT (GSAT)
2002 (Sep 12): METSAT (KALPANA; Meteorological); PSLV-C4, launch_site=SHAR;
INSAT
2003 (Oct 17): RESOURCESAT; period=1.7 hours, incl.=98.69°, launched_from=SDSC,
1999: OCEANSAT; period=1.7 hours; apogee=738 km; incl.=98.28°; OCEANSAT or IRS-P4 is the first Indian satellite built specifically for Ocean applications. It is a part of the Indian Remote Sensing satellite series.
1982 (Apr): INSAT-1A (Indian National), mission failed.
1983 (Aug): INSAT-1B
2011 (Oct 12): SRMSAT (Sri Ramaswamy Memorial); cost=₹15M; alt.=867 km; incl.=20°; orbital speed=7.42 km/s
2012 (Apr 26): RISAT (Radar Imaging); cost=₹3.8B
2011 (Apr 20): YOUTHSAT; PSLV-C16; SolaRad, RaBIT and LVHS; The project was developed in collaboration with M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia. YouthSat was initially proposed by Dr. Kalam on his visit to Russia during 2005.
2010 (Jul 12): STUDSAT; 98°; 950g; This project was conceptualised, designed and managed by undergraduate students across India.
2009 (Apr 20): ANUSAT (Anna University); ₹; incl.=41.2°; period=1.6 hours; launch_mass=40 kg; apogee=552 km
2005 (May 5): CARTOSAT; incl.=97.81°; period=1.6 hours; rocket=PSLV, launch_site=SDSC; Cartosat-1 or IRS-P5 is a stereoscopic Earth observation satellite in a sun-synchronous orbit, and the first one of the Cartosat series of satellites. The satellite was built, launched and maintained by the Indian Space Research Organisation.
HAMSAT
EDUSAT (GSAT)
2002 (Sep 12): METSAT (KALPANA; Meteorological); PSLV-C4, launch_site=SHAR;
INSAT
2003 (Oct 17): RESOURCESAT; period=1.7 hours, incl.=98.69°, launched_from=SDSC,
1999: OCEANSAT; period=1.7 hours; apogee=738 km; incl.=98.28°; OCEANSAT or IRS-P4 is the first Indian satellite built specifically for Ocean applications. It is a part of the Indian Remote Sensing satellite series.
2003 (Feb 22): Shoaib Akhtar (Pakistan) achieved the record of the fastest bowl at 161.3 kph (100.23 mph) after the introduction of speed measuring devices at the international cricket in 1998 against England on 22 February 2003 in a World Cup match at Newlands, Cape Town, South Africa.
IRNSS (Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System) or NAVIC (NAVigation with Indian Constellation)
GCO: Geo-Centric Orbit (or Earth Orbit).
MCF (Master Control Facility) at Bhopal (MP) and Hassan (KN) to monitor and control all the Geostationary/Geosynchronous satellites of ISRO, namely, INSAT, GSAT, Kalpana (METSAT) and IRNSS series of satellites.
MCF currently manages nineteen On-orbit satellites, namely, INSAT-3C, INSAT-3A, INSAT-4A, INSAT-4B, INSAT-4CR, INSAT-3D, Kalpana-1, GSAT-7, GSAT-8, GSAT-10, GSAT-12, GSAT-14, IRNSS-1A, IRNSS–1B, IRNSS-1C, IRNSS-1D, GSAT-16, GSAT-6 and the recently launched GSAT-15.
2005: ISRO's MCF, Bhopal
longer the distance between the source and destination, higher the cruising altitude.
heavier aiplanes climb to their cruising altitude in steps (as the plane burns fuel, it becomes lighter)
1MW usually powers up 1000 houses.
Maximum Time a human had: 125 years
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rocket missions caused hole in ozone?
daily bathing and troposphere- a layer where weather occurs.
who shooted the Qawwal Amjad Sabri in Karachi
Kumbh Mela: World's Largest Religious Gathering. It is held every 3rd year at one of the 4 places by rotation: Ganga's Haridwar, Sangam's Allahabad (Prayaag), Godawari's Nasik and Shipra's Ujjain (Avantika).
Ardh-Kumbh Mela: Held at only two places, Haridwar and Allahabad, every 6th year.
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where is...
Analog Modulation
Digital Modulation (keying)
Multiplexing
Multiple Access
ED&C Techniques
SNR Calculations
Layers-Protocols-Application-Devices
Interfaces
Antennas
Networking Component
TCP/IP-X.25-OSI
Communication link block diagrams
TDMA-FDMA-CDMA-SCDMA-OFDMA
Generations of Cellular Networks (both voice and data
u may also cover topics such as...
Random Signals (such as Noises)
Probability Density Function
Autocorrelation-Crosscorrelation
Power Spectral Density
Probability of Error
Superheterodyne Receivers
SMith Charts
Wave Equations
Impedence Matching
Phase & Group Velocity
Radiation Patterns
Antenna Gain....
MCF (Master Control Facility) at Bhopal (MP) and Hassan (KN) to monitor and control all the Geostationary/Geosynchronous satellites of ISRO, namely, INSAT, GSAT, Kalpana (METSAT) and IRNSS series of satellites.
MCF currently manages nineteen On-orbit satellites, namely, INSAT-3C, INSAT-3A, INSAT-4A, INSAT-4B, INSAT-4CR, INSAT-3D, Kalpana-1, GSAT-7, GSAT-8, GSAT-10, GSAT-12, GSAT-14, IRNSS-1A, IRNSS–1B, IRNSS-1C, IRNSS-1D, GSAT-16, GSAT-6 and the recently launched GSAT-15.
2005: ISRO's MCF, Bhopal
longer the distance between the source and destination, higher the cruising altitude.
heavier aiplanes climb to their cruising altitude in steps (as the plane burns fuel, it becomes lighter)
1MW usually powers up 1000 houses.
Maximum Time a human had: 125 years
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
rocket missions caused hole in ozone?
daily bathing and troposphere- a layer where weather occurs.
who shooted the Qawwal Amjad Sabri in Karachi
Kumbh Mela: World's Largest Religious Gathering. It is held every 3rd year at one of the 4 places by rotation: Ganga's Haridwar, Sangam's Allahabad (Prayaag), Godawari's Nasik and Shipra's Ujjain (Avantika).
Ardh-Kumbh Mela: Held at only two places, Haridwar and Allahabad, every 6th year.
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where is...
Analog Modulation
Digital Modulation (keying)
Multiplexing
Multiple Access
ED&C Techniques
SNR Calculations
Layers-Protocols-Application-Devices
Interfaces
Antennas
Networking Component
TCP/IP-X.25-OSI
Communication link block diagrams
TDMA-FDMA-CDMA-SCDMA-OFDMA
Generations of Cellular Networks (both voice and data
u may also cover topics such as...
Random Signals (such as Noises)
Probability Density Function
Autocorrelation-Crosscorrelation
Power Spectral Density
Probability of Error
Superheterodyne Receivers
SMith Charts
Wave Equations
Impedence Matching
Phase & Group Velocity
Radiation Patterns
Antenna Gain....
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Voyager 1
Voyager 2
New Horizon (aka MU69)
Pioneer 10
Pioneer 11
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[Extreme][Env][Research]
[Sunshine, Clear]
Sunshine duration measures the total number of sunshine hours for the entire year, giving a general impression of how cloudy a city is. By that measure, Yuma, Arizona, is the sunniest place on Earth! If you visit, you have a 90% chance of being greeted by sunshine, no matter the season.
[Cloud-iest]
The most cloudy places are spread around the world, but the fall into two main groups. One group is near the equator, particularly in the maritime continent (Indonesia and the Philippines), including the cloudiest place in the world - Chuuk Lagoon.
[Calmest Place]
I have done some research online, and I've found out that Antarctica has the calmest winds (lowest maximum wind speed) recorded on Earth.
[Strongest Winds]
Commonwealth Bay, Antarctica - Highest Annual Wind Speed - As well as being one of Earth's most remote locations, this is also its windiest spot, according to both The Guinness Book of World Records and National Geographic Atlas. Stórhöfði (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈstourˌhœvðɪ]) is a peninsula and the southernmost point of Heimaey, the largest island in the Vestmannaeyjar archipelago, in Iceland. It is claimed to be the windiest place in Europe, and holds the record for the lowest on land observation of air pressure in Europe.
[Highest Tides]
Located in Canada, between the provinces of Nova Scotia and Brunswick, sits the Bay of Fundy, home to the world largest tidal variations. The highest tides in continental Europe are found at Mont Saint-Michel, reaching a difference of up to 15 metres between low and high tide. During high tides, the sea withdraws 15 kilometres from the coast and rises very quickly.
[Lowest Tides]
Some of the smallest tidal ranges occur in the Mediterranean, Baltic, and Caribbean Seas. A point within a tidal system where the tidal range is almost zero is called an amphidromic point.
[Heaviest Waves]
The waves off the coast of Teahupo'o in southern Tahiti have been called the heaviest in the world. On May 2, 2022, the Operational Land Imager-2 (OLI) on Landsat 9 acquired this natural-color image of Tahiti, an island of French Polynesia. Spilling or rolling waves are found where there are generally flat shorelines. These are generally safer types of waves. They occur when the crest breaks onto the wave face itself. Surging waves may never actually break as they approach the water's edge since the water is very deep.
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Indian Trains - as of 10 Jan 2023
1853 - First passenger train ran between Bori Bunder (Bombay) and Thane, a distance of 34 km. It was operated by three locomotives, named Sahib, Sultan and Sindh, and had thirteen carriages.
1912 - Punjab Mail - India's oldest running passenger train, run between Ballard Pier Mole station, Mumbai and Peshawar in its early years
1969 - Rajdhani Express - connects the national capital with the capitals/the largest cities of various states.
1988 - Shatabdi Express - fast passenger day trains connecting important metro cities.
1994 - DEMU - first launched from Jalandhar to Hoshiarpur
1995 - MEMU - initially launched between Asansol – Adra, Kharagpur – Tata, Delhi-Panipat and Raipur–Durg–Bhatapara–Raipur–Bilaspur section
2002 - Jan Shatabdi Express - affordable and economical version of the Shatabdi Express with CC, 2A and 2S
2004 - Sampark Kranti Express - connecting cities around India with the National Capital thru non-air conditioned express trains with few stops and operating at high speeds.
2004 - Jan Sadharan Express - first generation of fully unreserved express
2006 - Garib Rath - no-frills air-conditioned long-distance trains
2009 - Duronto Express - started as long-distance non-stop source to destination trains, but they have technical stops now
2009 - Yuva Express - an air-conditioned low-cost travel option for the youth of the country
2010 - Maharajas' Express - a luxury tourist train
2011 - Rajya Rani - connect state capitals with other cities important for tourism, pilgrimage or business.
2012 - Double Decker Express (Uday Express) - started for shorter routes in order to serve more people than a traditional chair car carriage.
2013 - Vivek Express - to commemorate the 150th birth anniversary of Swami Vivekananda
2017 - Humsafar Express - fully premium service with AC-3 Tier and Sleeper class accommodation
2017 - Antyodaya Express - overnight fully unreserved trains but later on converted into typical overnight express train with reservation system; to uplift the weakest section of the society.
2017 - Tejas Express - semi-high speed fully air-conditioned train
2018 - Uday Express - new age Double Decker Express, BLR-Coimbatore and Vizag-Vijaywada
2019 - Vande Bharat Express (aka Train 18) - a semi-high-speed, electric multiple unit train. first train was manufactured in 18 months at the cost of ₹97 crore by ICF, Chennai.
#luxurious
In 2019, the Deccan Odyssey won the World's Leading Luxury Train at the World Travel Awards; it has been Asia's Leading Luxury Train from 2010 to 2019. Palaces, golden sands and wildlife–the “Blue Train” (named for its blue coaches) curates some of the best of India's sights in six, week-long journeys.
#fastest
As of 2022, the fastest train in India is the Vande Bharat Express with a top speed of 180 km/h (110 mph), while the fastest operating train is the Gatimaan Express with a top operating speed of 160 km/h (99 mph).
#heaviest
Super Vasuki, India's heaviest freight train with 295 wagons, carries 27,000 tonnes of coal in trial run.
#longest
This Biweekly train, numbered 15905/15906, is currently the longest train route in the Indian Subcontinent. It joins Dibrugarh in Assam, North-East India to Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu which is the southernmost tip of Indian mainland.
#longest - non-stop
The Trivandrum-Nizamuddin Rajdhani Express is the longest 'non-stop train' in India.
#strongest
A total of 268 WAG-12B have been built at Electric Locomotive Factory, Madhepura, Bihar, India. Saharanpur based WAG-12B at Purulia Jn. With a power output of 12,000 HP, the WAG 12 is twice as powerful as its immediate predecessor, WAG-9, and is among the most powerful freight locomotives in the world.
#most interrupted train - most stops - covers most (8) states
The Vivek Express train covers the longest train route in India. The Dibrugarh-Kanyakumari Vivek Express has 57 stops or stops all along the route. The Dibrugarh-Kanyakumari Vivek Express holds the current record as the train linking India's longest train line, as well as the highest train running time.
#private
On Tuesday, June 14, at 6 pm, India's first private train, the Bharat Gaurav Scheme, began its operation from the Coimbatore North Station in Tamil Nadu to Sainagar Shirdi in Maharashtra. This train arrived in Shirdi at 07.25 am on Thursday, June 16.
#slowest (due to hilly area)
The Mettupalayam Ooty Nilgiri passenger train is the slowest train in India, running at a speed of 10 kmph, which is roughly 16 times slower than the fastest train in India, according to government website Invest India. The train covers 46 km in about five hours, which is due to the train operating in a hilly area.
#shortest
The shortest route of MEMU train in India is Jasidih–Baidyanathdham MEMU (numbered 63153/63154) with a record distance of 6 km (3.7 mi) with an average speed of 19 km/h (12 mph).
#beautiful
The Bernina Express, Switzerland. If you're looking for the most beautiful train ride on earth, you know that Switzerland has to be number one on this list. The Bernina Express is a scenic train route unlike no other.
#Best - all-round rail experience: Mandovi Express
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxNukes - Timeline of Nuclear States
1945 - USA
...1947 - Indo-Pak (Oct 22)
1949 - Russia
1952 - UK
1960 - France
...1962 - Indo-Sino War (Oct 20)
1964 - China
...1965 - Indo-Pak War (Apr 8/Aug 5)
1967 - Israel
1970 - Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, signed by 191 countries (except India, Pak and Israel and later N. Korea)
...1971 - Indo-Pak War (Dec 3) - B'desh Liberation
...1971 - Indo-Pak War (Dec 3) - B'desh Liberation
1974 - India
...1984 - Siachen Conflict/Op Meghdoot (Apr 13)
...1984 - Op Bluestar (Jun 1)
...1989 - Insurgencies in J&K (Jul 13)
1998 - Pakistan
...1999 - Kargil War (May 3)
2006 - North Korea
Powerful without nukes: Japan, Germany, Italy, UAE, Saudi Arabia, Australia, Canada, Ukraine, Turkey, Iran, Spain, Switzerland, Brazil, Sweden, Qatar, Netherland, and Belgium
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Interstellar distances.
the Bayer designation has name of the constellation - α Aurigae,
the Bayer designation has name of the constellation - α Aurigae,
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LY Light Years
0 LY: Orion Spur (houses Solar System)
1.58 LY: outer region of Oort Cloud
4.2465 LY: nearest exoplanets orbit Proxima Centauri, the closest star to the Sun.
8.6 LY: Sirius, the brightest star in the night sky. Canis Major constellation. 8.6 LY: Sirius is highly visible in the Northern Hemisphere's winter night sky, because the star has a high luminosity, or intrinsic brightness, relative to other stars, and because it's relatively close to Earth (8.6 light-years away). According to NASA, Sirius has a mass that's two times that of Earth's sun.
12 LY: Tau Ceti (τ Ceti), the closest solitary G-class star
25 LY: Vega (α Lyrae) is the brightest star in the northern constellation of Lyra. It is the fifth-brightest star in the night sky, and the second-brightest star in the northern celestial hemisphere, after Arcturus.
36.7 LY: Arcturus (α Boötis), the brightest star in the northern constellation of Boötes. It is the fourth-brightest star in the night sky.
42.9 LY: Capella (α Aurigae), the sixth-brightest star in the night sky, and the third-brightest in the northern celestial hemisphere.
63 LY: Beta Pictoris (β Pic), the second brightest star in the constellation Pictor.
110 LY: most massive exoplanet HR 2562 b, Pictor constellation
145 LY: an exoplanet discovered in constellation Virgo
163 LY: AB Pictoris (abb AB Pic, also catalogued as HD 44627), Pictor constellation
310 LY: Canopus (α Carinae), constellation of Carina, the second-brightest star in the night sky.
400 LY: IRAS 16293-2422
1800 LY: Exoplanet Kepler-452b (aka Earth 2.0 or Earth's Cousin), Cygnus constellation
2000 LY: Saggitarius Arm (Near/South End)
2300 LY: Exoplanet Draugr (aka PSR B1257+12 A or PSR B1257+12 b), Virgo constellation
3000 LY: Orion Spur (Far/South end)
6000 LY: Perseus Arm (Near/North End)
6000 LY: Scutum-Centaurus Arm (Nearest/South Arm) - around 6000LY wide
6500 LY: The Black Widow pulsar is an eclipsing binary millisecond pulsar in the Milky Way. Discovered in 1988, it is located roughly 6,500 light-years away from Earth. It orbits with a brown dwarf or super-Jupiter companion with a period of 9.2 hours with an eclipse duration of approximately 20 minutes.
12000 LY : Perseus Arm (Far/South End)
15000 LY: Outer Arm (Milky Way Galaxy)
16200 LY: Galactic bar
17200 LY: Long Bar
18500 LY: Near 3kpc Arm
25000 LY: sent Arecibo message aimed at star-cluster here
30000 LY: Galactic South
48000 LY: Norma Arm
60000 LY: Scutum-Centaurus Arm
75000 LY: Galactic North
2.5M LY: Andromeda Galaxy...speed of light is horrendously slow at this grand scale. possibility of finding extragalactic (exoplanet) planets.
10M LY: In the context of our cosmic neighborhood, "local universe" typically refers to the Local Group, a collection of galaxies including the Milky Way, spanning about 10 million light-years in diameter.
150M LY: The Great Attractor, discovered in 1986, lies at a distance of between 150 million and 250 million light-years in the direction of the Hydra and Centaurus constellations. In its vicinity there is a preponderance of large old galaxies, many of which are colliding with their neighbours, or radiating large amounts of radio waves.
350M LY: The universe is fractal-like out to large distance scales, but at a certain point, the mathematical form breaks down. There are no more Russian nesting dolls — i.e., clumps of matter containing smaller clumps of matter — larger than 350 million light-years across.
10B LY: The length of the 2km wide wormhole leading to the black hole Gargantua (in the movie Interstellar)
13B LY: The most distant astronomical object identified is a galaxy classified as MoM-z14, at a redshift of 14.44.
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AU:
Solar System -
One astronomical unit (AU) is the average distance between the Earth and the Sun, which is approximately 93 million miles (150 million kilometers; 150M km; 150Mkm; 150Bm)
1 light year (LY) = 63241.1 AUs
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0AU: Earth
0.01AU: Comet ISON (C/2012 S1) during perihelion
0.39AU: Mercury
0.72AU: Venus
0.73AU: Comet C/2012 F6 (Lemmon) during perihelion
1AU: Sun
1.52AU: Mars
2.77AU: Asteroid Belt (between Mars and Jupiter), extends from about 2.77 to 3.3 AU
5.2AU: Jupiter
9.58AU: Saturn
10AU: Wormhole near Saturn (in 2014 movie Interstellar)
19.22AU: Uranus
30.05AU: Neptune
30.05AU: Kuiper Belt (Region beyond Neptune) - Extends from about 30 to 50,000 AU
39.48AU: Pluto (considered a dwarf planet)
119.7AU: Voyager 2 entered Interstellar space (2018 (Nov 5))
134AU: Voyager 2 (as of Aug 2023)
200 AU: The Sun's gravity is 2.98 km/s 200 AU from the Sun
973AU: Comet C/2012 F6 (Lemmon) during aphelion
1774 AU: escape velocity is 1 kmps at 1774 AU from the Sun
2000AU: Oort Cloud (far outer region; Theoretical boundary of the solar system) - Begins beyond 2000 AU, and goes up to 100,000AU (or 1.58 LY) away
extraterrestrial civilization
extraterrestrial intelligence
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4,05,500km: distance between Earth and Micro-moon
3,84,400km: avg. distance between Earth and moon (±21,000 km)
3,63,300km: distance between Earth and Supermoon (14% bigger, 30% brighter)
2,60,000km: Clarke Orbit (far-GEO):
It is a circular orbit 35,786 kilometres above the Earth's equator and following the direction of the Earth's rotation.
This equates to an orbital velocity of 3.07 km/s (1.91 mi/s) and an orbital period of 1,436 minutes, which equates to almost exactly one sidereal day (23.934461223 hours).
GSO: Geo-Synchronous Orbit.
GTO: Geostationary Transfer Orbit is used to move a satellite from Low Earth Orbit (LEO) into a Geosync Equatorial Orbit (GEO)
17000km: MEO: the region of space around the Earth at 16,893km amsl
10000km: 2200km long Exosphere ends.
3000km: Atmosphere ends.
2000km: LEO: the region of space around the Earth at 2,000 km amsl.
1000km: Exobase ends
800km: Thermopause, Exobase ends. 2200km long Exosphere starts.
690km: 715km long Thermosphere ends. Temp further rises to 2000*C in Exosphere.
2000km: LEO: the region of space around the Earth at 2,000 km amsl.
1000km: Exobase ends
800km: Thermopause, Exobase ends. 2200km long Exosphere starts.
690km: 715km long Thermosphere ends. Temp further rises to 2000*C in Exosphere.
600km: Hubble Space Telescope.
550km: SpaceX Starlink satellites' final orbit.
440km: SpaceX Starlink satellites' launch/initial.
410km: region of ISS ends
350km: Exobase starts
330km: region of ISS starts
278km: US-Oz's HIFiRE Scramjet touched this altitude @ 7.5 Mach.
160km: LEO starts
410km: region of ISS ends
350km: Exobase starts
330km: region of ISS starts
278km: US-Oz's HIFiRE Scramjet touched this altitude @ 7.5 Mach.
160km: LEO starts
120km: The aerodynamic re-entry of spacecraft from space to earth begins. [spacecraft experience 1650 °C (3000 °F) heat during atmospheric reentry]
100km: Karman Line; Aurora; The Karman Line is located near the bottom of the thermosphere. At this point the thermosphere has not yet started to increase in temperature and is about -80 Celsius (-112 F).
100km: Karman Line; Aurora; The Karman Line is located near the bottom of the thermosphere. At this point the thermosphere has not yet started to increase in temperature and is about -80 Celsius (-112 F).
90km: Atmospheric pressure drops to 0.0001%. Halo and Elves forms.
85.3km: Virgin Galactic's space flight max altitude
85km: Mesosphere ends; Meteors of Meteoroid (the flash of light seen in the night sky when a small chunk of interplanetary debris burns up as it passes through the Earth's atmosphere) [-70°C] Temp rises from -90*C to 1500*C throughout the thermosphere. The top of the mesosphere is the coldest area of the Earth's atmosphere because temperature may locally decrease to as low as 100 K (-173°C).
80km: Noctilucent cloud; Mesopause; 715km long Thermosphere starts; Ionosphere and Magnetosphere starts. -90*C (-130F)
70km: Red Sprites forms. Max alt for sounding rockets
80km: Noctilucent cloud; Mesopause; 715km long Thermosphere starts; Ionosphere and Magnetosphere starts. -90*C (-130F)
70km: Red Sprites forms. Max alt for sounding rockets
64km: 50 Megaton Tsar Bomba mushroom cloud's ceiling
50km: Stratopause-40km long Stratosphere ends; 35km long Mesosphere starts (a layer that protects Earth's surface from being hit by meteoroids). [0°C] Temp drops from 0*C to -90*C throughout mesosphere. Atmospheric pressure drops to 0.1%.
50km: Stratopause-40km long Stratosphere ends; 35km long Mesosphere starts (a layer that protects Earth's surface from being hit by meteoroids). [0°C] Temp drops from 0*C to -90*C throughout mesosphere. Atmospheric pressure drops to 0.1%.
45km: Ceiling for troll bolt.
40km: Weather Balloon
40km: Weather Balloon
35km: Ceiling for Upper-atmospheric lightning (blue jets)
30km: Ozone ends [-50°C]. Ceilng for upward superbolt and blue starters. Pink Pixies forms.
25km: the tallest mountain in the solar system, Mars' Olympus Mons, is actually a volcano with potential to erupt.
25km: the tallest mountain in the solar system, Mars' Olympus Mons, is actually a volcano with potential to erupt.
25km: region of Nacreous cloud ends. Terrestrial Electron Beam (TEB) or Electron-positron beam forms.
22km: Spy plane ceiling?
20km: Troposphere ends; Ozone starts; Polar Stratospheric clouds
18km: Spy airplane ceiling
17km: troposphere ends at the Equator.
20km: Troposphere ends; Ozone starts; Polar Stratospheric clouds
18km: Spy airplane ceiling
17km: troposphere ends at the Equator.
15km: region of Nacreous cloud starts; @ FL500, the highest possible flight level for an airplane.
15km : Ozone layer - lo level
12.5km: Airbus A320 family (used by Air India, Indigo, Vistara, Air Asia India and GoAir) and Boeing 737 family of aircraft (used by Jet Airways, Spicejet and Air India Express) have a service ceiling of 41,000 ft.
12km: Tropopause; region of Cirrus cloud and Contrails ends; Stratosphere starts. FL398- avg. for A320; 25km thick Ozone layer (main concentration) starts. Temp rises throughout stratosphere from -60*C to 0*C.
11.5km: SEJ144; a Mumbai-Delhi flight (1 hr 40 mins) cruise usually @ FL380 (a higher cruising altitude)
10km: Commercial jets [-55°C]
9.5km: a flight from Ahmedabad to Mumbai (55 mins) cruise usually @ FL310 (a lower cruising altitude)
9km: troposphere ends at the Poles; thin air;
8.85km: Peak of Everest. Atmospheric pressure drops to 28%.
8km: Stratocumulus Clouds
12.5km: Airbus A320 family (used by Air India, Indigo, Vistara, Air Asia India and GoAir) and Boeing 737 family of aircraft (used by Jet Airways, Spicejet and Air India Express) have a service ceiling of 41,000 ft.
12km: Tropopause; region of Cirrus cloud and Contrails ends; Stratosphere starts. FL398- avg. for A320; 25km thick Ozone layer (main concentration) starts. Temp rises throughout stratosphere from -60*C to 0*C.
11.5km: SEJ144; a Mumbai-Delhi flight (1 hr 40 mins) cruise usually @ FL380 (a higher cruising altitude)
10km: Commercial jets [-55°C]
9.5km: a flight from Ahmedabad to Mumbai (55 mins) cruise usually @ FL310 (a lower cruising altitude)
9km: troposphere ends at the Poles; thin air;
8.85km: Peak of Everest. Atmospheric pressure drops to 28%.
8km: Stratocumulus Clouds
8km - 8-11km, troposphere ends at poles.
7.5km: Propellor aircraft like ATR (used by Air India Regional, Jet Airways) and Bombardier Q400 (used by SpiceJet) have a service ceiling of 25,000 ft.
6km: Troposphere starts (the lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere, where weather occurs); region of Cirrus cloud and Contrails starts.; ATRs and Q400s usually cruise above FL200
5.6km: bumblebees
2.2km: bees could fly up to this high.
2km
1km: Oxygen drops, air pressure drops and temp. gets colder as you climb higher in the troposphere.
900m
800m
700m
600m: lowest possible (controlled) flight level for an airplane.
500m
400m
3000m
200m
100m
75m
7.5km: Propellor aircraft like ATR (used by Air India Regional, Jet Airways) and Bombardier Q400 (used by SpiceJet) have a service ceiling of 25,000 ft.
6km: Troposphere starts (the lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere, where weather occurs); region of Cirrus cloud and Contrails starts.; ATRs and Q400s usually cruise above FL200
5.6km: bumblebees
2.2km: bees could fly up to this high.
2km
1km: Oxygen drops, air pressure drops and temp. gets colder as you climb higher in the troposphere.
900m
800m
700m
600m: lowest possible (controlled) flight level for an airplane.
500m
400m
3000m
200m
100m
75m
56m: The upper survival limits of human tolerance to impact velocity in water are evidently close to 100 ft/sec (68.2 mph) corrected velocity, or the equivalent of a 186-foot free-fall.
50m
25m
25m
2.75m: The American Red Cross recommends a minimum of 9 feet of water depth for head first dives including dives from pool decks.
0km: Earth's surface, where Meteorite lands on. [20°C]. 12km high Troposphere starts (temp drops from 25*C to -60*C) . 100km deep Lithosphere starts. Solid silicate minerals are to be found throughout the Mantle till -2900km. 200m deep Epipelagic (Sunlight) zone starts in ocean.
-3m:Roopkund: This high-altitude glacial lake has an average depth of about 3 meters (9.8 feet).
-8m: Bond Safari, Kovalam scuba (27 feet, max 93 minutes). It takes approximately 8.2 seconds for a person to swim to the surface from a depth of 27 feet, assuming they can swim at a speed of 3.3 feet per second.
-9m: Scuba divers are taught to ascend at a rate of no more than 30 feet per minute.
-12m: the max depth for PADI Junior SCUBA Diver course; 1 min 20sec ascent to the surface.
-12m: the swimming hole at the base of Bhalu Gaad Waterfall is approximately 40 feet deep.
-15m: For a 186-foot fall into water, a depth of at least 50 feet (15 meters) is generally recommended to significantly reduce the impact force and minimize the risk of serious injury. While water is more forgiving than solid ground, even at this depth, the impact can still be dangerous and potentially fatal.
-16m: avg depth of river Ganga
-18m: the maximum allowed depth for PADI basic course is 18m/60ft. 2 min ascent to the surface.
-18m: Bhimtal Lake: The depth is around 18 meters (approximately 60 feet).
-30m: Advanced SCUBA divers can go to 30m, i.e. upto the depth of Nainital Lake; deepest point of the river Ganga.
-40m: the maximum allowed depth for PADI deep dive course is 40 metres/130 feet.
-40m:The deepest lake in the Nainital region of Uttarakhand is Naukuchiatal, with a depth of 175 feet (approximately 40.3 meters or 131 feet). It's also the deepest lake in the Nainital region.
-65m: For deep diving up to 200 feet (65 metres), blends of Normoxic trimix are applied. For extended deep dives, hypoxic trimix shall be used.
-92m: The average depth of the Ganges is about 30 feet. However, it can get as deep as 300 feet.
-135m: The Brahmaputra River is generally considered the deepest river in India. In some stretches, particularly in the Assam valley, its depth can reach up to 135 meters. This depth is significantly greater than other major Indian rivers.
-117m: Imja Tsho, located in the Sagarmatha (Everest) National Park of Nepal, is one of the most studied and rapidly growing lakes in the Himalayan range. Compared with previous studies, the results of our sonar bathymetric survey conducted in September of 2012 suggest that its maximum depth has increased from 90.5 to 116.3 ± 5.2 m since 2002
-200m: 200m Epipelagic (Sunlight) zone ends. 800m deep Mesopelagic (Twilight) zone starts.
-1km: 800m Mesopelagic (Twilight) zone ends. 3km deep Bathypelagic (Midnight) zone starts. Maximum depth for Sperm Whale.
-1.642m: The deepest lake in the world is Lake Baikal, located in Siberia, Russia.
-3.8km: The wreck of the Titanic
-3.81km: missing depth of OceanGate's Titanic sub-marine.
-4km: 3km Bathypelagic (Midnight) zone ends. 2km deep Abyssopelagic zone (The Abyss) starts. Claimed maximum depth of OceanGate's Titanic sub-marine.
-5km: Lithosphere transitions(Continental and oceanic crust, sometimes 8 to 40km)
-6km: 2km Abyssopelagic zone (The Abyss) ends. The longest (5km) and deepest (-11km) Hadal zone (The Trenches) starts. Ocean Basin.
-8.848km: The height of Mt. Everest
-10.898km: The depth James Cameroon reached in Deepsea Challenger.
-11km: 5km deep Hadal zone (The Trenches) ends. The maximum known deep point, Challenger Deep exactly 10,984 ± 25 metres.
-12.2km - The deepest hole the humanity has ever dug (USSR, 1970s-1990s) - couldn't reach Mantle as per the objective. Dug 1/3 of the crust and encountered 180*C temp, equipments melted like plastic. The Kola Superdeep Borehole is over 12 km deep [7.6 mi], which is so deep that it would take you almost a minute to hit the ground if you jumped in.
-100km: Earth's crust (Lithosphere) ends, 100km deep partially molten Asthenosphere starts.
-200km: 200km deep solid Asthenosphere starts.
-400km: 270km deep mantle transition starts
-670km: 2230km deep lower Mantle starts
-2900km: 250km deep Outer molten core starts (liquid Fe-Ni)
-3150km: 3220km deep Inner Core starts (solid Fe-Ni; Hexagonal close-packed HCP Iron)
-6370km: Earth's center
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2022 (Feb 14): Summarising the highlights pattern used in the history list.
History of...
Instituitions, Schools, Universities
Exams
Hospitals
Roads
Inventions
Industries
Companies
Corporations
Markets
Legal Acts
Government Agencies
Government Ministries
Commemorative Days, Weeks, Months, Year and Decades
Areas, Regions, Zones, Provinces, State, Cities, Villages
Frauds, Scams
Homicides
Executions
Wars
Battles
Discovery of planets
Launch of space probes
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Surface area - sqm sqyd sqft | km² m² yd² ft²
sqm ⪆ sqyd | 1 sqm ≈ 10 x sqft | 1 sqyd = 9 x sqft
1 million sqm = 1 sqkm | 1 sqmile ≈ 2.5 x sqkm | 1 sqkm = 100 ha | 1 sqkm ≈ 250 acre
1 acre ≈ 4000 x sqm
1 hectare ≈ 2.5 x acre ≈ 2 football fields
1 hectare ≈ 6.5 beegha
16,000,000 sqkm - Russia
9,500,000 sqkm - China
9,000,000 sqkm - US / Canada
8,000,000 sqkm - Brazil
7,500,000 sqkm - Australia
3,000,000 sqkm - India
2,750,000 sqkm - Argentina
2,000,000 sqkm - Saudi Arabia, Mexico, Indonesia
1,650,000 sqkm - Iran
1,000,000 sqkm - Egypt
900,000 sqkm - Venezuela
750,000 sqkm - Pakistan / Turkey
650,000 sqkm - Myanmar / Afghanistan
600,000 sqkm - Ukraine
550,000 sqkm - Madagascar, Kenya / France
500,000 sqkm - Yemen, Thailand / Spain
440,000 sqkm - Iraq / PNG
410,000 sqkm - Greenland (land area, 80% territory is in water)
350,000 sqkm - Japan / Germany, Philippines
312,000 sqkm - Poland, Norway
300,000 sqkm - Italy, Finland, Vietnam
270,000 sqkm - New Zealand
243,286 sqkm - UP, India
240,000 sqkm - UK
183,000 sqkm - Syria
145,000 sqkm - Nepal
130,000 sqkm - Greece, B'desh
120,410 sqkm - North Korea
100,250 sqkm - Iceland, Cuba
97,230 sqkm - S. Korea, Hungary, Portugal
83,600 sqkm - Austria, UAE
68,890 sqkm - Ireland
62,710 sqkm - Sri Lanka
39,516 sqkm - Switzerland
38,117 sqkm - Bhutan
35,410 sqkm - Taiwan
21,640 sqkm - Israel
1483 sqkm - Delhi
741 sqkm - Banglore
735 sqkm - Singapore
600 sqkm - Mumbai
298 sqkm - Maldives
43 sqkm - New Delhi
32 sqkm - Lakshadweep
30 sqkm - Macao SAR, China
------------------------------------------------------------- less than 10 sqkm (or 1000 hectare) - all units in hectare
1 sqkm = 100 ha
208 ha - Monaco, Western Europe (2 sqkm)
44 ha - Vatican City (Rome, Italy) (0.5 sqkm).
x
------------------------------------------------------------- less than 10 hectare (or 25 acre) - all units in acre
1 hectare ≈ 2.5 x acre ≈ 2 football fields
1 hectare ≈ 6.5 beegha
1 sqkm = 100 ha
30 acre - Crossing Republic GH 7, 2050 residential units across 12 towers
3800 acre - Solar Park with 1200MW capacity
2700 acre - Solar Park with 600MW capacity
110 acre - Solar Park with 75MW capacity
------------------------------------------------------------- less than an acre (or 4045 sqm) - all units in sqm
1 acre = 4045 sqm (4046.86 sqm)
1 acre ≈ 2.5 beegha (5 beegha = 2 acre; 4 acre = 10 beegha;
[In some districts it can be 6.67 biswa ie 9,077 square feet (843.3 m2) or 1,008 square yard. In Eastern UP, 1 bigha is equal to 20 biswa. Hence one Bigha in Purvanchal is 27,225 square feet (2,529.3 m2) or 3,025 square yard.]
3700 sqft - 4 BHK in Godrej Vrikshya, Sec 103, Gurgaon
2500 sqft - 3 BHK in Godrej Vrikshya, Sec 103, Gurgaon (₹5.25 cr, Aug'24)
1725 sqft - 3 BHK in GH7 by Crossing Infrastructure Pvt. Ltd.
1310 sqft - 2 BHK in Wave City, NH 24 by Wave Infratech
1270 sqft - 2 BHK in GH7 by Crossing Infrastructure Pvt. Ltd.
625 sqft - 1 BHK in Shouryapuram
------------------------------------------------------------- less than a sqm (or 10 sqft) - sqft
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[EMEA]: Europe [EU], the Middle East [ME], and Africa [Af]
[EU]: European Economic Area [EEA]
[ME]: Western Asia [WAs] and North Africa [NAf] - Saudi Arabia [SAr], Iran, Iraq, Israel, Egypt, and the UAE.
[APAC]: East Asia [EAs], South Asia [SAs], Southeast Asia [SEAs], and Oceania [OCN] - incl. China, Japan, India, Australia, and New Zealand.
[SEAs]: Southeast Asia comprises 11 countries—Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Timor-Leste, and Vietnam—with a combined population of over 675 million and a diverse, rapidly growing economy. It is divided into mainland and maritime regions, with most nations belonging to the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN).
Northern America consists of Bermuda (UK), Canada, Greenland (Denmark), Saint Pierre and Miquelon (France) and the United States (the contiguous United States and Alaska only, excluding Hawaii, Navassa Island, Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, and other minor U.S. Pacific territories)
Middle America usually includes Mexico, the seven countries of Central America, and the 13 island countries and 18 territories of the Caribbean. Together with Northern America, they form the continent of North America.
Central America is usually defined as consisting of seven countries: Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama.
NAFTA - North American Free Trade Agreement (US, Canada, and Mexico)
APAC - Asia Pacific
EMEA - Europe, Middle East, and Africa
MENA - Middle East and North Africa (by World Bank, IMF in 2003)
WANA - Western Asia and Northern Africa
GRULAC - Group of Latin America and Caribbean Countries
WEOG - Western European and Others Group (Australia, New Zealand and Israel)
EEG - Eastern European Group (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Russia)
EAFE - Europe, Australasia, and the Far East, the most developed areas of the world outside of North America.
APAC - Asia Pacific
East Asia: China, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan are prominent examples.
Southeast Asia: Includes countries like Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.
South Asia: Such as India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka.
Oceania: Encompasses Australia, New Zealand, and numerous Pacific Islands, including Fiji, Papua New Guinea, and the Solomon Islands.
Other Regions: Sometimes includes parts of the Russian Far East and Central Asian countries, depending on the specific definition.
USSR -
Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus/Byelorussia, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan/Kirgiziya, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova/Moldavia, Russia (officially the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic), Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan.
Life @ Mars - old school style
stone age - hunter-gatherers
complex farming societies
expeditionary warfares
(as of 2026-02-15, the blog has 19,03,394 characters (15,97,695 without spaces) spread over 8,740 lines; 645 pages, 2,93,424 words, 7,572 paras)
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