EM Induction :: Faraday :: 1831
1745: Leyden Jar
1780s: Immanuel Kant (Germany), a philosopher who is considered the central figure of modern philosophy. Kant argued that fundamental concepts of the human mind structure human experience, that reason is the source of morality, that aesthetics arises from a faculty of disinterested judgment, that space and time are forms of our sensibility, and that the world as it is "in-itself" is unknowable.
1782: the term “semiconducting” was used for the first time by Alessandro Volta.
In 1800, Alessandro Volta (Italy) invented a galvanic battery inspiring Ørsted to think about the nature of electricity and to conduct his first electrical experiments.
1801: Hans Christian Ørsted (Denmark) received a travel scholarship and public grant which enabled him to spend three years travelling across Europe.
In Germany he met Johann Wilhelm Ritter (German), a physicist who believed there was a connection between electricity and magnetism. This made sense to Ørsted since he believed in Kantian ideas about the unity of nature and that deep relationships existed between natural phenomena.
1804: Francisco Salva Campillo (N. Spain), a Catalan polymath and scientist designed an electrochemical telegraph.
1809: Samuel Thomas von Sömmering (Germany), a physician, anatomist and inventor enhanced the Campillo's design of electrochemical telegraph.
1820, 21 April: during a lecture, Ørsted noticed a compass needle deflected from magnetic north when an electric current from a battery was switched on and off, confirming a direct relationship between electricity and magnetism.
1820: Ørsted discovered that electric currents create magnetic fields.
William Sturgeon (UK) invented the electromagnet in 1824. His first electromagnet was a horseshoe-shaped piece of iron that was wrapped with about 18 turns of bare copper wire (insulated wire didn't exist yet). The iron was varnished to insulate it from the windings.
1820, Sept: André-Marie Ampère's friend and eventual eulogist François Arago (France) showed the members of the French Academy of Sciences the surprising discovery of Danish physicist Hans Christian Ørsted that a magnetic needle is deflected by an adjacent electric current.
Ampère began developing a mathematical and physical theory to understand the relationship between electricity and magnetism.
He devise through experimentation the formula for the angular dependence of the force between two current elements.
1827: Ohm's Law (Germany)
1831, August 29: first experimental demonstration of electromagnetic induction by Michael Faraday (England). He wrapped two wires around opposite sides of an iron ring (torus).
1847 (Oct 12): Werner von Siemens and Johann Georg Halske (Berlin) founded Siemens (then, Telegraphen-Bauanstalt von Siemens & Halske), a company to manufacture a telegraph unique to that of Morse code.
1848: the first long-distance (500kms.) telegraph line from Berlin to Frankfurt am Main.
1873: Willoughby Smith discovered photoconductivity in solids
1874: Karl Ferdinand Braun and Arthur Schuster observed semiconducting effects.
1878: Hall effect ( @ Johns Hopkins University, USA by Edwin Herbert Hall )
1883: The first working solar cell was constructed by Charles Fritts
1897: electron was dicovered by JJ Thomson (Cambridge, UK)
1929 Walter Schottky experimentally confirmed the presence of a barrier in a metal-semiconductor
junction.
1780s: Immanuel Kant (Germany), a philosopher who is considered the central figure of modern philosophy. Kant argued that fundamental concepts of the human mind structure human experience, that reason is the source of morality, that aesthetics arises from a faculty of disinterested judgment, that space and time are forms of our sensibility, and that the world as it is "in-itself" is unknowable.
1782: the term “semiconducting” was used for the first time by Alessandro Volta.
In 1800, Alessandro Volta (Italy) invented a galvanic battery inspiring Ørsted to think about the nature of electricity and to conduct his first electrical experiments.
1801: Hans Christian Ørsted (Denmark) received a travel scholarship and public grant which enabled him to spend three years travelling across Europe.
In Germany he met Johann Wilhelm Ritter (German), a physicist who believed there was a connection between electricity and magnetism. This made sense to Ørsted since he believed in Kantian ideas about the unity of nature and that deep relationships existed between natural phenomena.
1804: Francisco Salva Campillo (N. Spain), a Catalan polymath and scientist designed an electrochemical telegraph.
1809: Samuel Thomas von Sömmering (Germany), a physician, anatomist and inventor enhanced the Campillo's design of electrochemical telegraph.
1820, 21 April: during a lecture, Ørsted noticed a compass needle deflected from magnetic north when an electric current from a battery was switched on and off, confirming a direct relationship between electricity and magnetism.
1820: Ørsted discovered that electric currents create magnetic fields.
William Sturgeon (UK) invented the electromagnet in 1824. His first electromagnet was a horseshoe-shaped piece of iron that was wrapped with about 18 turns of bare copper wire (insulated wire didn't exist yet). The iron was varnished to insulate it from the windings.
1820, Sept: André-Marie Ampère's friend and eventual eulogist François Arago (France) showed the members of the French Academy of Sciences the surprising discovery of Danish physicist Hans Christian Ørsted that a magnetic needle is deflected by an adjacent electric current.
Ampère began developing a mathematical and physical theory to understand the relationship between electricity and magnetism.
He devise through experimentation the formula for the angular dependence of the force between two current elements.
1827: Ohm's Law (Germany)
1831, August 29: first experimental demonstration of electromagnetic induction by Michael Faraday (England). He wrapped two wires around opposite sides of an iron ring (torus).
1847 (Oct 12): Werner von Siemens and Johann Georg Halske (Berlin) founded Siemens (then, Telegraphen-Bauanstalt von Siemens & Halske), a company to manufacture a telegraph unique to that of Morse code.
1848: the first long-distance (500kms.) telegraph line from Berlin to Frankfurt am Main.
1873: Willoughby Smith discovered photoconductivity in solids
1874: Karl Ferdinand Braun and Arthur Schuster observed semiconducting effects.
1878: Hall effect ( @ Johns Hopkins University, USA by Edwin Herbert Hall )
1883: The first working solar cell was constructed by Charles Fritts
1897: electron was dicovered by JJ Thomson (Cambridge, UK)
1929 Walter Schottky experimentally confirmed the presence of a barrier in a metal-semiconductor
junction.
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